Pressure Drop And Heat Transfer Enhancement In Wire Mesh Screen
A comparative investigation was undertaken to determine the head loss coefficients for horizontally mounted and vertically mounted orifices using a Fluid mechanics and Heat transfer trainer developed in Nigeria. Experiments were carried out observing the procedure and the discharge of the flow of water was collected to obtain the volumetric flow rate and also read off the right and left limb of the horizontal and vertical manometers at different set points. The experimental measurements were subjected to further study to determine the head loss using the applied Bernoulli’s equation with addition of pump to the system. A graph of head loss against the kinetic head of water was plotted and the gradient of the graph yield the head loss coefficient (k). It was observed that there was no significant difference between the head loss coefficient for horizontal and vertical orifices. Hypothesis test was done to test the accuracy, precision and the statistical reliability of the head loss coefficient for the horizontal and vertical orifices, however better result was recorded in the horizontal orifice by statistical analysis. This report provides conclusion and recommendation to the challenges experienced.
The aim of this project was to construct shell and tube heat exchanger with fixed boundless. A heat exchanger that would cool 5 x 5 x 10 – 3 kg/s of steam at a calculated heat load of 152 – 395/S was fabricated. The steam is to reach the heat exchanger from a distillation column at a temperature of 300k. The specification of the layout as well as the detailed mechanical design were assumed and also calculated.
It is established that a horizontal heat exchanger with cold water at the shall side and the treated steam at the tube side is adequate for this operation, with the aim of cooling the steam from the distillation column.
The available area obtained from calculation is 1.0m2 and also the overall heat transfer coefficient obtained is 4.10W/M2k. it is also seen that the heat exchanger is satisfactory and consists of five copper tubes of inside diameter 90mm and 5920mm length. The shell inside diameter 810mm and 5.770mm length. The tube and shell heat exchanger has a total length of 5820mm.
The material of construction for the shell side is stainless steel while copper tubes were used for the tubes inside.
The total cost of the heat exchanger was N12,000.
The construction of the five (5) litre Electric Kettle was carried out in mechanical workshop of the Institute of Management and Technology Enugu. (I.M.T).
The fabrication process, included measuring and marking out operations of which the following dimensions was taken; the cylindrical body was taken as 170mm by 700mm in height and length respectively, the base diameter was 223mm, the lid diameter 140mm, length of nozzle 75min, water outlet and inlet were 20mm and 35mm, respectively and the drill position of the nozzle and heating element were 40mm and 25mm respectively.
The marked parts were cut out, filed for smooth edges, welded to form a drum like shape, insulating handle, cover and heating element were installed. At the end of the exercises, the electric kettle was fabricated.
The parent material used for the construction is the stainless steel, which was preferable for its easy workability, corrosion resistance and heat conductivity that is high. The stainless steel cannot contaminate food and drink.
The construction of electric kettle is recommended serve as heating equipment in our laboratory home, hospital etc. it also serves as a device which requires electricity conduction to generate heat to perfect its function. As well as in laboratories, industries foe heating and boiling of fluids. The mechanism of heat transfer in the electric kettle equipment is transferred into the liquid by firstly the metal conducting heat probably from electric source in contact by conduction and transfer the heat in the liquid causing the molecules of the liquid to expand colliding with one another exerting pressure and at equal prevailing atmospheric pressure which the under boils.