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Design And Construction Of A 3 × 3 × 3 Led Cube Display

The design and construction of a 3 × 3 × 3 LED cube display involve assembling a three-dimensional grid structure comprised of 27 LEDs, arranged in a 3x3x3 configuration, to create a captivating visual display. The process typically entails selecting high-quality LEDs with uniform brightness and color consistency, along with a suitable control circuitry such as Arduino or Raspberry Pi, to manage the LED patterns. Construction involves soldering the LEDs into a cube framework, with each LED’s anode and cathode connected in parallel and perpendicular layers to form rows and columns. Wiring and programming are essential aspects, with attention to detail required to ensure seamless communication between the microcontroller and the LED matrix. Additionally, the cube’s housing should be transparent or translucent to enhance visibility, while also providing structural integrity. Through meticulous planning and execution, the resulting LED cube display offers an immersive visual experience, suitable for various applications ranging from decorative art installations to educational demonstrations and interactive entertainment.

ABSTRACT

This work is on “3 × 3 × 3 led cube display”. This displaying device is based on the principle of driving LEDs using the clock pulses. The idea is to make the cube glow in gradual transition from one set of trio to each face of the cube to the whole cube itself. This is achieved by using two counters such that the first counter comes to play for first nine pulses and each of the trio of LEDs glow for each pulse.

CHAPTER ONE

1.1 INTRODUCTION

An LED display is a display panel, which uses an array of light-emitting diodes as pixels for a video display. Their brightness allows them to be used outdoors where they are visible in the sun for store signs and billboards, and in recent years they have also become commonly used in destination signs on public transport vehicles, as well as variable-message signs on highways. LED displays are capable of providing general illumination in addition to visual display, as when used for stage lighting or other decorative (as opposed to informational) purposes.

This work focuses on 3*3*3* LED display cube which displays LEDs to get a different pattern of LED. This device was designed using decade counter, the decade counter drives the cube using just a timer and counter arrangement. This circuit is based on the principle of driving LEDs using the clock pulses. The idea is to make the cube glow in gradual transition from one set of trio to each face of the cube to the whole cube itself.

1.2 AIM OF THE PEOJECT

The aim of this project is to design a 3x3x3 LED CUBE and connect it to decade counter to get different patterns.

1.3 OBJECTIVE OF THE PROJECT

At the end of this project students involved will be able to:

Learn and understand the connections involved in the 3*3*3 led display cube
Know the functions and applications of LED

The current rating of different colours of LED

1.4 PURPOSE OF THE PROJECT

LED Cube pattern generator to create sequences of animation frames. The main purpose of this work is to display different pattern of LED

1.5 SIGNIFICANCE OF THE PROJECT

The advantages of 3x3x3 LED cube display are as below:

This device has low power consumption or dissipation. Power drawn by LED because the LED usually stated to work at 20mA current but that is wrong, that number provides the maximum current allowed through the LED. Normally an LED works well from 2mA to 5mA. Anything higher than that, the LED will heat intensely and it will burn out
Low Power supply demand.
There is no switching circuit for this cube.
We need lesser logic terminals so we don’t need shift registers or anything like that.

1.6 PROBLEM STATEMENT

The only problem seen in this project is that the LEDs will heat intensely and it will burn out if mistakenly supplied with higher current and this effect will burn-out all the LED at twinkle of an eye.

1.7 APPLICATIONS OF THE PROJECT

This circuit can be used as at homes for decoration purpose.
This circuit can be modified with further changes to make the LED cube glow as a whole.
It can be used at home lighting system.

1.8 LIMITATIONS OF THE PROJECT

The circuit is complicated and requires complex connections.
The use of digital counter ICs causes time delay owing to propagation delay of the digital ICs.
This is a theoretical circuit and may require changes.
The use of CMOS devices causes problem of being static and cannot be handled with bare hands.
This circuit does not have the provision to switch on all the LEDs simultaneously.

1.9 SCOPE OF THE PROJECT

In this work, we arrange total of 27 LEDs in cubical arrangement such that there are 9 sets of a trio of LEDs. Apart from the LEDs, all we need is a 555 Timer IC and two 4017 counter ICs. IC 4017 is a CMOS decade counter IC with inbuilt counter come decoder circuit. Reason for using 4017 IC is its ability to drive the LEDs directly without requiring any BCD decoder