Design And Construction Of A Close Circuit Monitor

Electrical Electronics Engineering

The design and construction of a closed-circuit monitor involve the integration of various components to create a comprehensive surveillance system. This system typically comprises cameras, monitors, recording devices, and control units, all interconnected in a closed loop. The design process involves selecting appropriate camera types, such as IP cameras for digital surveillance or analog cameras for traditional setups, based on factors like resolution, field of view, and environmental conditions. Additionally, the construction phase includes installing these cameras strategically to cover desired areas effectively, considering factors like blind spots and lighting conditions. Furthermore, the integration of recording devices, whether digital video recorders (DVRs) or network video recorders (NVRs), enables the capture and storage of surveillance footage for later review. The control unit, which may include software for remote monitoring and management, plays a crucial role in configuring and maintaining the system’s functionality. Throughout the design and construction process, attention must be paid to security measures to prevent unauthorized access and ensure the integrity of the surveillance data. By carefully orchestrating these components and considerations, the resulting closed-circuit monitor system can provide robust surveillance capabilities for various applications, including security, monitoring, and loss prevention, enhancing safety and situational awareness in diverse environments.

ABSTRACT

This work is titled design and construction of a close circuit monitor. A close circuit monitor involves using a video camera or photography camera to monitor the situation of an environment. Closed-circuit monitor is the use of cameras to transmit a signal to a specific place, on a limited set of monitors.

It differs from broadcast television in that the signal is not openly transmitted, though it may employ point to point (P2P), point to multipoint, or mesh wireless links. Though almost all video cameras fit this definition, the term is most often applied to those used for surveillance in areas that may need monitoring such as banks, casinos, airports, military installations, and convenience stores. Many cities and motorway networks have extensive traffic-monitoring systems, using closed-circuit monitor to detect congestion and notice accidents. Many of these cameras however, are owned by private companies and transmit data to drivers’ GPS systems.

This monitor utilizes a video recorder which records and saves any event monitored for future references.

The aim of this work is to design a system that monitors the situation of an environment through a camera which can be view through computer system immediately or after the monitoring.

CHAPTER ONE

1.0 INTRODUCTION

Closed-circuit monitor is the use of video cameras to transmit a signal to a specific place, on a limited set of monitors. It differs from broadcast television in that the signal is not openly transmitted, though it may employ point to point (P2P), point to multipoint, or mesh wireless links. Though almost all video cameras fit this definition, the term is most often applied to those used for surveillance in areas that may need monitoring such as banks, casinos, airports, military installations, and convenience stores. Video telephony is seldom called “CCTV” but the use of video in distance education, where it is an important tool, is often so called.

In industrial plants, close circuit monitor equipment may be used to observe parts of a process from a central control room, for example when the environment is not suitable for humans. Close circuit monitor systems may operate continuously or only as required to monitor a particular event. A more advanced form of close circuit monitor, utilizing digital video recorders (DVRs), provides recording for possibly many years, with a variety of quality and performance options and extra features (such as motion detection and email alerts). More recently, decentralized IP cameras, some equipped with megapixel sensors, support recording directly to network-attached storage devices, or internal flash for completely stand-alone operation. Surveillance of the public using close circuit monitor is particularly common in many areas around the world. In recent years, the use of body worn video cameras has been introduced as a new form of surveillance.

1.1 OBJECTIVE OF THE PROJECT

The objective of this work is to design a system that can be used to monitor the situation of an environment through a monitoring camera and which can be view through a television.

1.2 PURPOSE OF THE PROJECT

The system is intended to provide an increased level of security in the University environment for the benefit of those who study, work, live in or visit the campus.

The close-circuit system will be used to respond to the following key objectives:

To detect, prevent or reduce the incidence of crime.
To prevent and respond effectively to all forms of harassment and public disorder.
To improve communications and the operational response of security patrols in and around the areas where Closed-circuit monitor operates.
To reduce the fear of crime.
To create a safer community.
To gather evidence by a fair and accountable method.
To provide emergency services assistance.
To assist with health and safety.
To monitor the University car parks

As community confidence in the system is essential, all cameras will be operational. An appropriate maintenance programme will be established.

1.3 SIGNIFICANCE OF THE PROJECT

As a student, this work exposed me to the working principle of the close circuit monitor and also enlightens me on how to setup the system in other to use it to monitor an environment.

1.4 APPLICATIONS OF CLOSED CIRCUIT MONITOR

Probably the most widely known use of close circuit monitor is in security systems and such applications as retail shops, banks, government establishments, etc. The true scope for applications is almost unlimited. Some examples are listed below.

Monitoring traffic on a bridge.
Recording the inside of a baking oven to find the cause of problems.
A temporary system to carry out a traffic survey in a town centre.
Time lapse recording for the animation of plasticize puppets.
Used by the stage manager of a show to see obscured parts of a set.
The well-publicized use at football stadiums.
Hidden in buses to control vandalism.
Recording the birth of a gorilla at a zoo.
Making a wildlife program using a large model helicopter.
Reproducing the infrared vision of a goldfish!
Aerial photography from a hot air balloon.
Production control in a factory.