Design And Construction Of A Two Way Wired Intercom

Electrical Electronics Engineering

The design and construction of a two-way wired intercom system involve several key components and processes to enable seamless communication between two or more locations. Firstly, the system requires two main units, each consisting of a microphone, speaker, amplifier, and a wired connection interface. The microphone captures sound signals at one end and converts them into electrical signals, which are then amplified and transmitted through the wired connection to the other unit. At the receiving end, the electrical signals are received, amplified, and converted back into sound waves through the speaker, allowing for clear communication in both directions. Additionally, the system may incorporate features such as volume control, noise cancellation, and call signaling for enhanced usability and functionality. Proper wiring and insulation are crucial to ensure reliable transmission and minimize signal interference or loss. Regular maintenance and testing are also essential to uphold the system’s performance and longevity. With careful planning and implementation, a robust two-way wired intercom system can facilitate efficient communication across various settings, including residential, commercial, and industrial environments, promoting connectivity and convenience while enhancing overall security and productivity.

ABSTRACT

Designing and implementing multiple intercom system that will work without charges has always been a prominent field of interest among many researchers and developers. This project presents developments and potentials of a two way intercom system that allow two way conversations from one location to another within a particular place such as offices, homes, workshops, warehouse. This project writing discussed an intercom system and its component make-up, operation applications and other relevant issues as regards to intercom system. The basic element used in this project are tone generator, audio input source, audio amplifier, output device and medium (cable). As both microphone (input source) are always in operation, 1000uf capacitor was used in the power circuit to avoid loud speaker from being picked up by the microphone enclosed in the same box, causing a very undesired and laud.

TABLE OF CONTENTS

COVER PAGE

TITLE PAGE

APPROVAL PAGE

DEDICATION

ACKNOWLEDGEMENT

ABSTRACT

CHAPTER ONE

INTRODUCTION

1.1 BACKGROUND OF THE PROJECT

OBJECTIVE OF THE PROJECT
PURPOSE OF THE PROJECT
SIGNIFICANCE OF THE PROJECT
PROBLEM AND LIMITATION OF THE PROJECT
SCOPE OF THE PROJECT
PROJECT ORGANIZATION

CHAPTER TWO

LITERATURE REVIEW

HISTORICAL BACKGROUND OF THE PROJECT
REVIEW OF 2-WAY INTERCOM

CHAPTER THREE

SYSTEM DESIGN

SYSTEM BLOCK DIAGRAM
SYSTEM OPERATION
CIRCUIT DIAGRAM OF THE SYSTEM
PARTS LIST
CIRCUIT DESCRIPTION
SYSTEM DESIGN NOTES

CHAPTER FOUR

IMPLEMENTATION, TESTING AND RESULTS
CONSTRUCTION PROCEDURE AND TESTING
INSTALLATION OF THE COMPLET DESIGN
CASING AND PACKAGING
ASSEMBLING OF SECTIONS
TESTING OF SYSTEM OPERATION
PROBLEM ENCOUNTERED

CHAPTER FIVE

COST OF ANALYSIS
CONCLUSION
RECOMMENDATION
REFERENCES

CHAPTER ONE

1.1 INTRODUCTION

An internal communication system is a system that basically transfers information in the form of electrical signal from one spot to the other within a confirmed location. It is also a private telecommunication system that allows typically two or more location to communicate with each other like telephone does. An intercom is also a personal telecommunications device which facilitates the exchange of messages between two or more locations where standard vocal communication would be difficult or impossible due to distance or obstructions. This project two way intercom system consist of station linked to each using wire. It uses full duplex mode a process whereby one can transmit and receive voice calls simultaneously which made transmission medium to be your wires between the two nodes and typical headers on the nodes (separate speaker and microphone, good isolation from sound coming from speaker to the mic element).

1.2 BACKGROUND OF THE STUDY

Technology now has made it possible for various instrument or device to be designed and constructed in other to make human life more profitable and enjoyable. These days, a lot of devices are built based on electrical approach. One of these devices is known as an intercom system. Perhaps one needs an internal communication. May be may be one want to be able to communicate with his home from his office or garage. Or in a case one is upstairs in a bedroom doing his or her schoolwork, and wants to know when dinner will be ready. May be the person is too weak to get up and shout down the stairs to find out if so, then this simple intercom will help him or her to get the information he or she needs. It works without6 charges on like the telephones.

Two way wired intercom systems enables sound or speech to be transmitted in two directions, therefore enabling a conversation. Intercoms are generally compared of fixed microphone/speaker units which connect to a central control panel. In general, a communication system requires three things namely; a transmitter a propagation medium and a receiver. The information to be transferred may be in analog form (example, voice or audio) as in the case of this study where voice is the source of information, or in digital form (computer data, digitalized form and so on).

1.3 OBJECTIVE OF THE PROJECT

The objective of this work is to design a device that can be used to communicate among two individuals in different parts of the home and in the case of injury or emergency.

1.4 STATEMENT OF PROBLEM

In a business organization, shops, stores and stressful in relating/ delivering information between each other within a particular building. The servant finds it laborious going to the boss always whenever he /she has information to deliver or wants to carry out action(s) with respect to the master’s authority. Therefore, this project work is to address this issue, looking forward to eliminating the stressful manpower involved and to facilitate information delivery, making communication easier. The intercom system forming the basic of this study and designed to serve the HOD’s office and the secretary’s office for internal communication.

1.5 PURPOSE OF THE PROJECT

(1) The main objective of this project is to construct a two way wired intercom that will help two persons or more to communicate with each other within a particular domain, like offices homes, warehouse e.t.c.

(2) To build a telephone that will transmit signal via a medium at no cost.

(3) To immensely help the engineering students understand the technology behind two way simple intercom and its practical development.

1.6 SIGNIFICANT OF THE STUDY

The design and construction of two way intercom system will help students or individual to understand the basic knowledge of intercommunication industries, also it’s a means to replace man’s labour and stress of walking over a given premises for information delivery. This intercom system can be used as a door phone, connecting from the house to the door to screen visitors to the house. The wife, after preparing dinner, can through this system call on the husband in his bedroom to the dinner table. Generally, intercom system can be used for message broadcast (in case of multi-channel intercom), as door phone, monitoring etc.

1.7 SCOPEOF PROJECT

The scope of this project work design of simple two way intercom system is to limited to the design, construction and test on a two station simple intercom system with specification that;

The demodulator should operate with a minimum distortion while producing an adequate output
The small signal amplifier must provide an undistorted signal into the buffer amplifier to be able to drive a speaker of 8 ohms impedance.

A 9 volt d.c power supply is to be design and employed to power the simple intercom for operation at each station.

Result shall fully be discussed while suggestions for further study made.

1.8 PROJECT WORK ORGANIZATION

The various stages involved in the development of this project have been properly put into five chapters to enhance comprehensive and concise reading. In this project thesis, the project is organized sequentially as follows:

Chapter one of this work is on the introduction to a of a two station wired wired intercom. In this chapter, the background, significance, objective limitation and problem of a two station wired intercom were discussed.

Chapter two is on literature review of a two station wired intercom. In this chapter, all the literature pertaining to this work was reviewed.

Chapter three is on design methodology. In this chapter all the method involved during the design and construction were discussed.

Chapter four is on testing analysis. All testing that result accurate functionality was analyzed.

Chapter five is on conclusion, recommendation and references.