Design And Construction Of An Automatic Wiper

Electrical Electronics Engineering | Engineering

The design and construction of an automatic wiper system involve integrating sensors, actuators, and control mechanisms to create a responsive and efficient device for clearing windshield obstructions. This project focuses on developing a sophisticated wiper system that incorporates rain sensors, microcontrollers, and motorized wiper arms to automatically adjust wiper speed and frequency based on real-time weather conditions. By utilizing advanced technology and precision engineering, this automatic wiper system ensures optimal visibility during inclement weather, enhancing driver safety and comfort.

CHAPTER ONE

INTRODUCTION

1.1 BACKGROUND OF THE STUDY

A windscreen wiper is a device used to wipe moisture and dirt from the windscreen. The early wipers invented are operated manually by moving a lever inside the car back and forth. The wipers faithfully keep the windscreen clear, moving back and forth across the windscreen countless time as they sweep the moisture away.

The main function of ‘Automatic wipe and smart control wiper’ uses sensor and controller system wipes and sweeps the moisture from the windscreen. The main idea is to construct an automatic wiper using a sensor as a component which is used to sense the raindrops. But the system has been upgraded by considering the existing new problem. Therefore, the second idea is to automatically push up the wiper when the engine stops. This prevents the wiper’s rubber from damage during hot weather. This function is similar to the automatic door lock function used in cars. The wiper automatically pulls down when the engine is started. To operate this system, the actuator is used as a device that can move the wiper from windscreen.

This system is suitable for all vehicles. It is because the system has a simple function and do not use a lot of circuits and requires less cost. The wiper will automatically switch on when the sensor sensed water or raindrops. The wiper is turned on until the sensor does not sense any water or raindrops. The equipment as an actuator used to push up the wiper from windscreen when the engine is stopped. This project is to design and develop a system which will help users to use the wiper automatically when the sensor detects raindrops. Users do not need to face difficulties in controlling the wiper when it is raining heavily.

During the day, especially on hot weather, normally users will push up the wiper to prevent the wiper’s rubber from damage or melting on the windscreen. This system uses the actuator as a component which helps the wiper to push up. It functions to move the wiper from windscreen directly using the metal hook. This actuator can move the metal hook to the left or right. When mounted in the car, it is vertical, so the metal hook can move up or down. The metal hook device attached at the actuator directly. When the engine is started, the sensor circuit was functioning, and the metal hook will drop down.

The system will be controlled by a controller. The controller will be programmed to execute the function of this system. By using PIC microcontroller, the controller can be programmed using C language or assembly language. This project combines three circuits with a main control system.

[ ABD HAMID, 2009]

1.2 Problem Statement

Moisture and dirt on the windscreen has been a cause of accident on our roads today, work has been done to find possible solution to remove these. It has been observed that the previous system provided is manually activated, the process of pulling up the wiper is difficult to handle. The driver needs to switch on and off the control stalk and it will reduce the driver’s concentration towards driving. Thus, this system is proposed to solve this problem.

1.3 Aims and Objectives

The aim and objectives of this project is to design an automatic wiper that operates when it senses moisture. The objectives of this project are listed below

Simple to operate
High sensitivity
An efficient device

1.4 Methodology

This design is divided into two (2) sections namely; Hardware and Software Procedures.

Hardware design procedures (see Figures 1). The hardware design is divided into six units namely Power supply, Moisture sensor, Microcontroller, LCD, Relay, Motor, Wiper.

Software Design Procedures

The software design procedures used in implementing this design are as follows:

Algorithm
The flow chat (figure 2).
The program code C++

1.5 Scope and limitation

The scope of this study is to implement a design to incorporate into the wiper unit to operate automatically.

Additional cost is required incase optical sensor is used. This system applied in the case of moisture falling on the sensor only, and its only active when the ignition is powered.

CHAPTER FIVE

5.0 Conclusion and recommendation

5.1 conclusion

As the conclusion for the project, the results shows all the aim objectives are successfully achieved. The wiper system was well functionally according the moisture condition from the windscreen of the car. This project showed a contribution on the design of the automatic wiper system for the future research in this field.

5.2 Recommendation

As future extraction work the same can be carried out by optical sensor. As far as accuracy of the system is concerned it is more accurate than conductive sensor. But the reason for not using optical sensor is due to higher cost

For the future improvement, it is recommended the system to have literature review on the material been used as the wiper, because the material used is still has a problem in the procure issues especially for the hot and climate country. Other suggestion for designing automatic push up wiper for future research and improvement is about the design stand for thewiper.