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Design And Construction Of An Electronic Starter For Single Phase Induction Motor With Protection

Electrical Electronics Engineering | Engineering

The design and construction of an electronic starter for a single-phase induction motor with protection involve creating a sophisticated system that facilitates the smooth and safe operation of the motor while safeguarding against potential risks. This entails developing a circuitry capable of efficiently initiating the motor’s operation, typically employing components such as capacitors, relays, and electronic switches to control the motor’s starting sequence. Additionally, integrating protective measures such as overload protection, overvoltage protection, and short-circuit protection is essential to ensure the longevity and reliability of both the motor and the starter system. By meticulously engineering this apparatus, engineers aim to optimize performance, enhance safety, and prolong the operational lifespan of single-phase induction motors in various applications.

ABSTRACT

This project investigates the electronic starter for the single phase induction motor that incorporates both short circuit and overload protection. The starter is used for switching and protecting the electric motor from the dangerous overloads by tripping. It reduces the starting current to the AC induction motors and also reduces the motor torque.

TABLE OF CONTENTS

COVER PAGE

TITLE PAGE

APPROVAL PAGE

DEDICATION

ACKNOWELDGEMENT

ABSTRACT

CHAPTER ONE

INTRODUCTION

1.1 BACKGROUND OF THE PROJECT

AIM/OBJECTIVE OF THE PROJECT
SCOPE OF THE PROJECT
LIMITATION OF THE PROJECT
SIGNIFICANCE OF THE PROJECT
APPLICATION OF THE PROJECT
FUNCTION OF OVERLOAD PROTECTION

CHAPTER TWO

LITERATURE REVIEW

OVERVIEW OF INDUCTION MOTOR
BASIC PARTS OF AN INDUCTION MOTOR
OVERVIEW OF SINGLE PHASE MOTOR
TYPES OF INDUCTION MOTORS
APPLICATIONS OF SINGLE PHASE INDUCTION MOTOR
ADVANTAGES OF INDUCTION MOTOR
REVIEW OF STARTING METHODS OF SINGLE PHASE MOTOR
REVIEW OF RELATED STUDIES

CHAPTER THREE

METHODOLOGY

BASICS OF THE SYSTEM
SYSTEM BLOCK DIAGRAM
SYSTEM CIRCUIT DIAGRAM
CIRCUIT DESCRIPTION
CIRCUIT DIAGRAM
SYSTEM INSTALLATION

CHAPTER FOUR

TESTING AND RESULTS

HOW TO SELECT AN AC MOTOR
ADVANTAGES AND DISADVANTAGES
TROUBLESHOOTING AN AC MOTOR AND ITS CONTROLLER
PROPERTIES OF AN AC MOTOR
LIFETIME OF AN AC MOTOR STATER CONTROLLER
REQUIRED MAINTENANCE FOR AN AC MOTOR
AC MOTOR WIRING
AC MOTOR GLOSSARY

CHAPTER FIVE

CONCLUSION
RECOMMENDATION
REFERENCES

CHAPTER ONE

5.1 INTRODUCTION

In general, frequently we use motors in many electrical and electronic appliances such as fan, cooler, mixer, grinder, escalator, lift, cranes, and so on. There are different types of motors such as DC motors and AC motors based on their supply voltage. Furthermore, these motors are classified into various types based on different criteria. AC motors are further classified as Induction motors, Synchronous motors and so on. Among all these types of motors, a few types of motors required to be operated with certain conditions (Shi et al., 2012). For example, we use an electronic starter for a single-phase motor to facilitate smooth start.

A starter is a device that controls the use of electric power to an equipment usually, a motor. As the name implies, starters ‘start’ motors. They can al stop them, reverse them, accelerate them and protect them.

1.2 PROJECT OBJECTIVE

To build an electronic starter for a single phase induction motor, that incorporates short circuit and overload protection.

1.3 SCOPE OF THE PROJECT

Starters ‘start’ motors. They can al stop them, reverse them, accelerate them and protect them. Protection Scheme of Single phase Induction Motor is used for switching and protecting the electric motor from the dangerous overloads by tripping. It reduces the starting current to the AC induction motors and also reduces the motor torque.

1.4 LIMITATION OF THE PROJECT

This motor starter is simply an electronic switches designed to control larger current loads typical of motor control. They may be small and similar to the light switches in your home, or they may be much larger dedicated switches designed for control of high amperage circuits. This motor starter is Triple Pole devices (switch 2/3 lines). This device was built using Normally Closed (STOP) and Normally Open (START) momentary contact switches and normally close (reversing) switch.

1.5 SIGNIFICANCE OF THE PROJECT

It is a Wear less electronic switch for a long life
Common device for all motors up to 3kW
Assembly in terminal box possible
Blocked electronic during steady state
The load or the maximum start-up time of 5s define the cut-off point
Safe function in complicated power grids

1.6 APPLICATION OF THE PROJECT

This device can be used in the following places:

workshops
industries
electronics hobbyist, etc. for protecting, and controlling the movement and direction of an AC motor

1.7 FUNCTION OF OVERLOAD PROTECTION

Overload refers to when too many devices are connected to a circuit or when electrical equipment is made to work beyond its rated capabilities. They protect the motor by sensing current going to the motor.