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Design And Construction Of Automated Street Lighting Using IoT

Electrical Electronics Engineering | Engineering

Automated street lighting utilizing IoT technology involves the integration of Internet of Things (IoT) devices and systems to efficiently manage and control street lights. This innovative approach enables remote monitoring, real-time data analysis, and automated adjustment of lighting levels based on environmental conditions and user requirements. Through sensors, such as motion detectors and ambient light sensors, coupled with connectivity solutions, like wireless networks, the system can detect changes in traffic patterns, pedestrian movement, and ambient light levels to dynamically adjust the brightness of street lights. Additionally, IoT-enabled street lighting facilitates proactive maintenance by detecting faults and failures, thereby enhancing reliability and reducing energy consumption and operational costs. The design and construction of such a system involve the deployment of IoT sensors, controllers, and communication infrastructure, along with the development of software algorithms for data processing and control. By leveraging IoT technology, automated street lighting enhances safety, energy efficiency, and sustainability in urban environments.

ABSTRACT

In this modern era where energy is a major concern worldwide, it is our prior responsibility & liability to save energy effectively. With the development of technology, where automation system plays a vital role in daily life experience and it is being preferred over the traditional manual system today. Here we propose an IOT based street light monitoring and controlling system to ensure, low power consumption, instant faulty light detection and light dimming as per external lighting conditions. This system consists of smart street lights that have external light sensing that automatically turns on at the desired intensity based on an amount of lighting needed.

TABLE OF CONTENTS

COVER PAGE

TITLE PAGE

APPROVAL PAGE

DEDICATION

ACKNOWLEDGEMENT

ABSTRACT

CHAPTER ONE

INTRODUCTION

BACKGROUND OF STUDY
PROBLEM STATEMENT
AIM AND OBJECTIVES OF THE PROJECT
SIGNIFICANCE OF THE PROJECT
SCOPE OF THE PROJECT
BENEFIT OF THE PROJECT
METHODOLOGY
PROJECT ORGANISATION

CHAPTER TWO

LITERATURE REVIEW

REVIEW OF THE STUDY
RELETED WORK
REVIEW OF HISTORY OF LIGHTING
DESCRIPTION OF LED LIGHT
HEALTH CONCERNS ABOUT LED LIGHTS
REVIEW OF ADVANTAGES OF LED LIGHTS

CHAPTER THREE

METHODOLOGY

BLOCK DIAGRAM OF THE SYSTEM
BLOCK DESCRIPTION
FUNCTIONALITY DESIGN
HARDWARE DESCRIPTION
SYSTEM CIRCUIT DIAGRAM
PROGRAM CODE

CHAPTER FOUR

RESULTS AND DISCUSSION
RESULTS
DISCUSSION
FEASIBILITY STUDY
PROJECT APPLICATIONS
ADVANTAGES AND DISADVANTAGES

CHAPTER FIVE

CONCLUSION
RECOMMENDATION
REFERENCES

CHAPTER ONE

1.0 INTRODUCTION

1.1 BACKGROUND OF STUDY

Nowadays, a human has become too busy and is unable to find time to switch the lights wherever not necessary. The present system is like the lights will be switched on in the evening before the sun sets and they are switched off the next day morning after there is sufficient light on the outside. But the actual timing for these lights to be switched on is when there is absolute darkness. With this, the power will be wasted up to some extent.

Streetlights are an integral part of any developing locality. They are present on all major roadways and in the suburbs too. Every day, streetlights are powered from sunset to sunrise at full strength, even when there is no one around. On a global scale, millions of dollars are spent each day on these street lights to provide the required electrical energy. The maintenance and replacement costs of conventional incandescent bulbs are immense. They consume a lot of electric power to function and their heat emissions are also quite high. All of this contributes to the greater demand for electricity production and consequently, more carbon dioxide emissions from powerhouses. So, along with unnecessary light pollution, this practice causes damage to our planet too.

1.2 PROBLEM STATEMENT

As it was stated earlier, it is seen in a number of cities that the street light is one of the huge expenses in a city. The cost spent is huge that all the sodium vapor lamps consume more power. The expense spent on the street light can be used for other development of the nation. Currently a manual system is used where the light will be made to switched ON/OFF i.e the light will be made to switch ON in the evening and switched OFF in the morning. Hence there is a lot of wastage of energy between the ON/OFF. This is one of the major causes of shifting to the automatic system, since there is less wastage of power and thus saving a lot of monetary expenses.

1.3 AIM AND OBJECTIVES OF THE PROJECT

The project aims at curbing the power losses in the street lamps during the night time using IoT. The objectives of this work are:

To automatically and wirelessly monitor and control street lighting system
To ensure low power consumption,

To instantly detect faulty light and light dimming as per external lighting conditions

1.4 SIGNIFICANCE OF THE PROJECT

This study will serve as a means of exposing student involved to how to use IoT to control street light and how to interface an ESP8266 module. To all readers of this book, this device will serve as a means of making them to understand the importance of IoT based street lighting system.

1.5 SCOPE OF THE STUDY

The scope of this work covers building a an automated street lighting system which is based on IoT. This main component of the system are ESP8266 module, arduino module, and speak thing software

1.6 BENEFIT OF THE PROJECT

Major advantages of street lighting includes: prevention of accidents and increase in safety. Studies have shown that darkness results in a large number of crashes and fatalities, especially those involving pedestrians; pedestrian fatalities are 3 to 6.75 times more likely in the dark than in daylight. External lighting has been found to reduce pedestrian crashes by approximately 50%.

Furthermore, lighted intersections and highway interchanges tend to have fewer crashes than unlighted intersections and interchanges. Towns, cities, and villages use the unique locations provided by lampposts to hang decorative or commemorative banners.

1.7 METHODOLOGY

To achieve the aim and objectives of this work, the following are the steps involved:

Study of the previous work on the project so as to improve it efficiency.
Draw a block diagram.

Test for continuity of components and devices,

programming of microcontroller
Design and calculation for the work was carried out.
Studying of various component used in circuit.

Construct the whole
Finally, the whole device was cased and final test was carried out.

1.8 PROJECT ORGANISATION

The work is organized as follows: chapter one discuses the introductory part of the work, chapter two presents the literature review of the study, chapter three describes the methods applied, chapter four discusses the results of the work, chapter five summarizes the research outcomes and the recommendations.