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Design And Construction Of Door Locking Security System Using GSM

The design and construction of a door locking security system utilizing GSM technology involves integrating a GSM module with a microcontroller-based system to remotely control door access via mobile phones. This innovative system incorporates electronic locking mechanisms and sensors to ensure security. Users can send SMS commands to the GSM module, triggering the microcontroller to authenticate the command and activate the corresponding action, such as locking or unlocking the door. The system’s architecture includes robust encryption protocols to safeguard against unauthorized access attempts. Furthermore, it employs efficient power management techniques to ensure uninterrupted operation. This solution enhances security measures by leveraging GSM networks for remote access control, offering convenience and peace of mind to users.

ABSTRACT

This project is on door locking security system using GSM. security door that can be remotely controlled by a GSM phone set acting as the transmitter and another GSM phone set with a dual tone multi-frequency (DTMF) connected to the door motor through a DTMF decoder interfaced with microcontroller unit and a stepper motor .The design is composed of four main functional modules, namely; the GSM module, the decoding module, controlling module and the switching module. The GSM module act as both transmitting and receiving unit employs the use of a mobile phone set serving as the communication device between the user at one end and the object of access (i.e. the door) at the other receiving end. The decoding module and the controlling module are made possible using modern integrated circuit chips ensuring proper conversion of signal to binary codes, enabling the microcontroller to communicate properly with the switching device responsible for opening and closing the door. The codes for this project was written in assembly language with Visual basic software and compiled with M-IDE studio for MC-51compiler which work perfectly with Window XP environment, the program run without error before it was burn onto the microcontroller using a device called the programmer by placing the microcontroller on it socket equal to the pin number.

CHAPTER ONE

1.1 INTRODUCTION

Security describes protection of life and property. There are doors to keep people out. Key locks and chains reinforce the mode of security. Doors are being made of metals not just wood anymore. Influential persons in our society have bullet proof doors to ensure a good measure of security of self and family. The security sector is experiencing diversification as it has never seen before. This has brought about the need to review the reliability of already existing systems and look into the possibility of creating better systems that are smarter and more secure.

The micro controller based digital lock presented here is an access control system that allows only authorized persons to access a restricted area, this system is best suitable for corporate offices, automated machine (ATMs) and home security. It comprises of a small electronic unit which is in fixed at the entry door to control a solenoid-operated lock with the help of a stepper motor, when an authorized person enters predetermined user password via the global system for mobile communication (GSM) keypad, the stepper motor is operated for a limited time to unlatch the solenoid-operated lock so the door can be open. At the end of preset delay time, the stepper motor is operated in reverse direction and the door gets locked again.

When the code has been incorrectly entered three times in a row, the code lock will switch to block mode, this function thwarts any attempt by „hackers‟ to quickly try a large number of codes in a sequence. If the user forgets his password, the code lock can be accessed by a unique 8 digit administrator password and the secret code can be changed any time after entering the current code (Master code).

The project intends to interface the microcontroller with the GSM modem and start/stop the engine by sending the predefined messages from the mobile phone to the controlling unit, The software application and the hardware implementation help the microcontroller read the messages sent by the user from a mobile phone or send messages to the mobile phone through the modem and accordingly change the status of the engine motor required. The measure of efficiency is based on how fast the microcontroller can detect the incoming message and act accordingly.

The system is totally designed using GSM and embedded systems technology. The Controlling unit has an application program to allow the microcontroller read the incoming data through the modem and control the engine motor as per the requirement. The performance of the design is maintained by the controlling unit.

This project uses 8051 microcontroller as the central processing unit. Specifically the proto-type make used of AT89s52 microcontroller with Programs written in assembly language burnt inside the microcontroller to perform the following capabilities;

Assembly language is used to write the interfacing program and compiled with M-IDE studio for MC- 51compiler which work perfectly with Window XP environment and may have compatibility problems with higher versions of the Window operating system

In residential applications: solid wood door, panel doors, metal skinned wood-edged doors and metal edge wrapped doors .In addition to doors are; deadbolts, frame reinforcements, door chains and hinge screws – long 3” screws but despite these reinforcements door, security by itself is very porous. An electronics or electric lock is a locking device which operates by means of electric current (Gibson Stan, 2001). One of such locks is magnetic locked (mag locked).

A large electro-magnet is mounted on the door frame and a corresponding armature is held fast to the magnet (Mckenice, 1995). mag locks by design fail unlocked, that is if power is removed they unlock.

1.2 AIM / OBJECTIVE OF THE PROJECT

Increase the security level to prevent anØ unauthorized unlocking of the door. Give the flexibility to the user to change or reset theØ password in case the user forgets that combination. Lock the door by using password.Ø To give user more secure yet cost-efficient way ofØ door locking system. The main objective of this project is to implement an Pass word Based Door Locking System Using GSM.

1.3 APPLICATIONS OF THE PROJECT

Home
Bank
office

1.4 SIGNIFICANCE OF THE PROJECT

Security is a prime concern in our day-today life. Everyone wants to be as much secure as possible. An access control for doors forms a vital link in a security chain. The microcontroller based Door locker is an access control system that allows only authorized persons to access a restricted area. In this system:

No keys to be lost, stolen or occupied.
Can be locked using keypad.
Automatic door opening .
Gives an indication for unauthorized entry.
Totally cost efficient.

1.5 SCOPE OF THE PROJECT

The system has a Keypad by which the password can be entered through it. When the entered password equals with the password stored in the memory then the Stepper motor rotate forward side so that the door is opened. If we entered a wrong password for more than three times then the Alarm is switched on.

The default password is 1111 and you can change the password by dialing 1234, old password, and new password #button. for example if you want to change the password from the default to 4523 then dial 123411114523# after dialing you can hear a beep sound which confirm the operation goes successful.

1.7 PURPOSE OF THE PROJECT

The main purpose of this project is to design a security Door locks system. In order to fulfill this application there are few steps that has been performed i.e. Designing the power supply for the entire circuitry. Selection of microcontroller that suits our application. Selection Key pad. Selection of DC motor. Selection of buzzer according to the requirement. Complete studies of all the above points are useful to develop this project.

1.8 LIMITATION OF THE PROJECT

Currently if the personal identification number is somehow forgotten the system could not be accessed.
Powered by electricity may not function properly in the case of a power failure.

1.9 PROJECT WORK ORGANISATION

The various stages involved in the development of this project have been properly put into five chapters to enhance comprehensive and concise reading. In this project thesis, the project is organized sequentially as follows:

Chapter one of this work is on the introduction to this study. In this chapter, the background, significance, objective limitation and problem of this study were discussed.

Chapter two is on literature review of the study. In this chapter, all the literature pertaining to this work was reviewed.

Chapter three is on design methodology. In this chapter all the method involved during the design and construction were discussed.

Chapter four is on testing analysis. All testing that result accurate functionality was analyzed.

Chapter five is on conclusion, recommendation and references.