Design And Construction Of Hydraulic Vise

Electrical Electronics Engineering | Engineering | Industrial Engineering

The design and construction of a hydraulic vise involve the integration of hydraulic systems within the traditional vise structure to enhance clamping efficiency and force application. Hydraulic vises utilize hydraulic pressure to securely hold workpieces in place during machining or assembly processes. This entails incorporating components such as hydraulic cylinders, valves, pumps, and pressure gauges into the vise mechanism. The hydraulic system is typically powered by a hydraulic pump, which pressurizes hydraulic fluid that is then directed to the hydraulic cylinder, exerting force on the vise jaws to clamp or release the workpiece. The construction process involves precision machining of vise components to ensure smooth operation and accurate alignment, as well as the installation of hydraulic fittings and hoses to facilitate fluid transmission. Additionally, safety features such as pressure relief valves and emergency stop mechanisms are integrated to prevent overloading and ensure operator protection. This innovative integration of hydraulic technology with conventional vise design results in a robust and efficient clamping solution suitable for various industrial applications, enhancing productivity and machining accuracy.

ABSTRACT

A bench vise is a tool used to hold or clamp a workpiece to allow operations such as cutting, filing, milling, drilling, grinding, etc. It is usually made from cast iron with a fixed jaw and another parallel jaw which moves towards or away from the fixed jaw using the screw. Design and fabrication of a modified vise to improve the productivity, flexibility and comfortability of the existing bench vises have been achieved in this study. In this vice, we can also hold components of different shapes with the help of the adjustable jaws that can be provided if needed. A lever slides the movable jaw, using a lead screw for forward and reverse movement of the movable jaw. Hydraulic machine vice can be used for all types of machines.

TABLE OF CONTENTS

COVER PAGE

TITLE PAGE

APPROVAL PAGE

DEDICATION

ACKNOWLEDGEMENT

ABSTRACT

CHAPTER ONE

1.0 INTRODUCTION

BACKGROUND OF THE PROJECT
PROBLEM STATEMENT
AIM AND OBJECTIVE OF THE PROJECT
DVANTAGES AND DISADVANTAGES OF THE PROJECT
APPLICATION OF THE PROJECT
DEFINITION OF TERMS

CHAPTER TWO

LITERATURE REVIEW

HYDRAULIC MACHINES
HISTORICAL BACKGROUND OF HYDRAULIC MACHINES
COMPONENTS OF HYDRAULIC MACHINES
MACHINE VICE
PARTS OF A MACHINE VICE
REVIEW OF RELATED STUDIES

CHAPTER THREE

MATERIALS AND COMPONENTS USED
Materials required
Components Used

CHAPTER FOUR

MACHINE DESIGN
WORKING PRINCIPLE
MACHINE LINE DIAGRAM
SAFETY PRECAUTIONS
SAFETY | OPERATOR SAFETY

CHAPTER FIVE

CONCLUSION

CHAPTER ONE

1.0 INTRODUCTION

1.1 BACKGROUND OF THE PROJECT

Fluid power is the technology that deals with the generation, control and transmission of power using pressurized fluids. Fluid power systems are generally grouped under two broad classifications. These are hydraulics and pneumatics Hydraulic systems uses liquids such as petroleum oil, water, synthetic oil etc.

Pneumatic system uses air or other gases, Liquids provide a very rigid medium for transporting power and thus can provide large forces to move loads with almost accuracy and precision. On other hand pneumatic systems are less expensive to build and operate. Fluid power equipment ranges in size from huge hydraulic presses to small fluid components used to build reliable control systems.

A machine vice is like an extra hand. Its purpose is to hold material steady, allowing you to use both hands to work on the material with other tools. The machine vice is of the screw base bench design. It is a heavyweight, portable vice. It is attached to a table or bench with the mounting screw holes. It has rough jaws for holding material with stationary base. Screw base machine vices are considered most appropriate to hold light materials or in areas where a heavier vice is not available such as laboratories and school workshops.

It consists of a mounting base or body which is secured to the machine table, a stationary jaw against which work piece is located, a movable jaw and screw mechanism consisting of a buttress-threaded spindle and handle. When the spindle is rotated in the clockwise direction using the handle, the jaws move closer thus clamping the workpiece against the stationary jaw. This clamping action holds the part securely while the machining operation takes place. On the other hand, when turned in the anticlockwise direction, the jaws move away thus loosening the grip on the work piece

The stiffness created through the design that pulled the jaw down has the added benefit of pulling the nut and driving the movable jaw up creating a sandwich of vice body, nut and movable jaw. The resulting stiffness and dampening allowed a significantly lighter vice to be offered, allowing for manual lifting and positioning of the vice on a machine table, which contributed to its popularity. The stationary jaw is cast integral with the vice body. It is a good selection when density and absolute minimum deflection is needed. This vice hardware is adaptable for installation in a variety of positions, and on different styles of bench tops. They are ideal for sawing, sanding, plaining, drilling, screwing and soldering.

Hydraulic vice is capable of holding small and minute work pieces with a large force thus enabling accurate and precise operation. The project combines the advantages of hydraulics, thus eliminating the drawbacks that may be associated with the use of fluid power Also the hydraulic pressure pack amplifiers the force with which the vice grips the work piece. The highlights of this hydraulic vice are that it is very economical, accurate, and easy to operate and has wide variety of applications.

1.2 PROBLEM STATEMENT

During machining, holding the component firmly is always a crucial task. Workpiece never has the same size, shape and material. It requires different forces and different sizes of clamping jaws. In an ordinary vice, the human power requirement is more to tighten the heavy jobs, but in the machine vice, the hydraulic arrangement is used to tighten the job automatically. In this paper, reduction of human effort and enhancing safety play a vital role while designing and fabricating the machine vice, which is used to hold the components during heavy machining works. In normal machine vice, the human labor involved in operating the handle to grip the component tightly is more. Excess amount of human effort generally results in damage to the workpiece. This may be avoided using hydraulic machine vice, in which the workpiece cannot be damaged while clamping the job, as only adequate amount of pressure is exerted to tighten the job.

1.3 AIM AND OBJECTIVES OF THE PROJECT

The main aim of the study is to fabricate a low cost hydraulic vise using available local material.

The main objectives are:-

To reduce man power
To increase the efficiency of the plant

To reduce the work load

To reduce the production cost
To reduce the production time
To reduce the material handling

To reduce the fatigue of workers
To achieve good product quality

Less maintenance

1.4 DVANTAGES AND DISADVANTAGES OF THE PROJECT

A. Advantages:-

Reduces the working time in holding the work
Accuracy in holding when compared to ordinary to ordinary
Less effort
Increases the

B. Disadvantages:-

In hydraulic system leakages will be
Dirty
Expanse of components in hydraulic system

1.5 APPLICATION OF THE PROJECT

Hydraulic vises are versatile tools and are found in any shop, garage or maintenance department. They provide hands-free operation in both horizontal and vertical positions to perform clamping, pressing or work-holding applications. For example:

U-joint removal

Form steel

Woodworking

Sawing Cutting

steel/metal Drilling & boring

Cutting conduit

Fabrication

Assembly

Auto maintenance

Regripping golf clubs

Rebuilding regulators

Home projects

Planning

1.6 DEFINITION OF TERMS

Bench Vise: A bench vise is like an extra hand and is a common tool found in any shop or garage. It is attached to a workbench and its purpose is to hold material steady, allowing you to use both hands to work on the material with other tools. They are ideal for sawing, sanding, planing, drilling, screwing, soldering and more.

Conventional Bench Vise: A conventional bench vise is manually operated. The user has to crank down on a lever to operate it. This is a high risk for injury and/or strained muscles. It also cannot provide dependable power, control or stability. This is even more evident when additional help is necessary for set-up and operation.

Hydraulic Bench: A hydraulic bench vise provides power and performance with the efficiency of hydraulic power. The user operates the vise by use of a hydraulic foot pump. It is user and handicap friendly and eliminates physical limitations and risk factors.

CHAPTER FIVE

5.1 CONCLUSION

A Hydraulic vise is one of the most versatile tools in the fitting and assembly workshops which firmly support and hold the workpiece to perform varying operations like; drilling, striking, filing, etc.

The main advantage of the hydraulic vice is that it reduces human effort, working time. The expanse we contribute for making this can be got from the production. Because this device reduces the production time, so that production per day increases, because of that profit increases. This hydraulic bench is a very useful and helpful device for the workshop and industries. The smooth and accurate holding of work piece increases the quality of work by using this device.