Audience Readership And Perception Towards Newspaper Editorial
This study was designed to critically examine “the role of the press in Nigeria’s polarization and National Development”
The method of content analysis was adopted and also, three Nigerian daily newspaper were selected. This include, the New Nigeria Newspaper a federal Government owned newspaper published in Kaduna state,
The National concord and the champion, each being privately owned by differently individual (s) but published in Lagos.
Three publications were selected per week: Mondays, Wednesdays and Fridays covering April, August and December between 1997 – 1993. Five years were analysed. These are 1981, 1984 1987, 1990 and 1993.
The result were then carefully analysed and interpreted. The analysis revealed that the Nigerian Press jettisoned the much-admired doctrine of fairness and impartiality and tend towards biasness and sycophancy.
At the end, it was recommended that in order to address the polarization of the press owners and operators of mass media, irrespective of their ethnic geographical and political difference must create an avenue where they could rub minds with one another so as to eradicate the misconception held against each other. And that the press and government relationship must improve hence seeing other as partners in progress.
The focus of this project is a management training and development in the Guardian Newspaper Ltd, Isolo, Lagos. The problem of discriminatory practices in selecting staff for staff training, lack of training and development facilities by the management on the progress of the organization, but interested on enriching themselves were the major issues that motivated the researcher to pick up the topic for investigation.
The researcher had the underlisted objectives which are:
1. To find out problems associated with management training and development in the Guardian Newspaper Ltd, Isolo, Lagos.
2. To recommend solution to those problems reviews of relevance literature was equally carried out and the aim focus was in the area of the concept of training and development in organization and problem associated with it.
Questionnaires were used strictly for collecting data for the study and chi-square statistical methods for analysis was adopted in analysis of the data presented. All problems associated with management training and development militated against the advancement of employees in this organization and led to decrease in productivity.
Three hypotheses were equally formulated and tested to validate the data analysis. The result of the test was the fact that management training is a necessary ingredient for the attainment of organization set objectives.
On the basis of the findings, the researcher put forward some recommendations:
i. That the company should be using application forms for recruiting new staff.
ii. Staff responsible for the selecting of staff for training should be instructed to apply selecting criteria without unlawful discrimination.
iii. In order to improve their performance and increase turnover, training and development is very essential as at when due.
iv. Funds allocated for training should be utilized appropriately.
Areas for future researches should be recommended as thus:
There should be determination on the rate at which performance of trained employee is greater than the untrained, where untrained staff will be used as a controlled group while trained staff as an experimental group.
Findings should be made to know whether employees advancement is really determined by acquisition of additional qualifications, work experience, performance level of favourism.
Finally, the company should endeavour to give helping hands that adequate research is doing on the areas listed above relevant data should be given when required.
This project is emphasizing on the impact advert creates in the mind of the consumers through television and newspaper media. Advertisement is all about letting the public know an existing product or its improvement in terms of quality or its price reduction.
To solve the research problem both primary and secondary data were collected. The research instrument used in collecting the data were questionnaires and interviews. Respondents consists of consumers and management and staff. From responses gotten form the respondents, some get to know about a product through those tow medias, some don’t and others do not know how they know about the product.
Cartoons have more recently become a prominent feature in newspapers. An increasing number of publishers and editors have realised its relevance and are beginning to exploit its full potentials. Despite its usefulness and popularity which is assuming a viral dimension in many media houses, one wonders, as replete and common place as these cartoons are in newspapers, do they command the attention, let alone the readership of the reading audience? Hence, this researcher sought to know the pattern and trend of: Audience perception of The Punch newspaper cartoons: using Caritas University as a study. Employing the survey research method, enabled by administering self administered questionnaires, this study found out that newspaper readership and newspaper cartoon readership is generally high among Caritas respondents. Six out of every ten lecturers read cartoons on a daily basis, while two out of every ten students read cartoons every day. Cartoon readership decreased as student readers got older. Among the lecturers, readership of cartoons increased with age contrary to findings among students. With the humour and the inherent message being the major reasons why readers read cartoons, it is clear that cartoons are not seen as mere pieces of drawing to make readers laugh, rather it leaves a trail of telltale message in its wake. Even though this study revealed that cartoons are not essentially why people buy newspapers, many newspaper readers do not consider their reading experience complete without reading one or two cartoons. This, perhaps, explains why seven out of every twenty Caritas student reads The Punch newspaper and ten out of every twenty Caritas lecturer reads the same newspaper as revealed by the study. Going by the various findings of this study, more newspapers need to incorporate cartoons into their editorial menu, using it more strategically, appropriately and responsibly. Religion, ethnicity, tribalism, sectionalism and bigotry should be downplayed in cartoons and in fact avoided. The researcher equally lends his voice to the effect that cartoonists should steer clear of issues that can cause libel because libel costs millions.
Academic writings are replete with studies on news imbalance. So much have been said about news imbalance in the international scenes.
However, by writing this project, the researcher intends to look beyond the imbalance to the root cause.
It is hoped that the information contained in this project will go a longway to correct the persistent problem of urban – rural news imbalance in Nigerian newspaper.
Consequently, chapter one introduce this study as well as the theoretical frame work on which the study is based.
In chapter two, the researcher gives an in-depth review of the works and studies done by the urban – rural imbalance.
Chapter three simply states the method of study used to conduct t he study.
Chapter four and five presented and analysed the data. Besides, the researcher drew some conclusions from the data presented and make appropriate recommendation.
This study was carried out to determine the newspaper readership pattern among youths. This arose because it was thought that the youth did not read newspapers and their use of other media was minimal.
Against the background of seemingly lack of readership among the youth. Questionnaires draw administered to ascertain the extent of reading habit formed by this group.
The student of the Institute of Management and Technology, Enugu were used as a focus. This was a good sample as the they represent the youth found all over the country.
They all experience similar socio-economic dilemma. They also face similar financial as well as education problems experienced in the nation. 250 respondents were sampled randomly and data analyzed and presented as percentages in frequency distribution tables. The work traced the reading habit found among the youth. Researcher questions and hypothesis were used a guide for analysis and conclusion respecting.
The work reviewed other literature on the topic and found out what their results were the conclusions down were based both on other related work of literature and the results gathered from the questionnaire. The result showed that there were indeed readership patterns among the youth
The showed that students read newspaper and they also bought majority of respondents bought or read. Result also showed that students who bought were both more financially and academically favoured than others that had lower reading habit. It was also found out that sex was no barrier to who read and what was read. The female students read more than the male student but they both read the same content in their favourite newspapers. Male youths read entertainment news in equal proportion with the female youth. There was also equal reading proportion in contents that have to do end at the study, recommendations were made about activities that will help the youth develop readership and use pattern for the newspaper and other media.
This work is designed to study how dwellers use Newspaper and Television messages to effect social change.
It is pertinent to note that Newspapers, though rarely find their way into Adaba Community, only those who work in Uzo-Uwani Local Government Headquarter and those who are opportune to visit Urban areas, such as Enugu, Onitsha, Nsukka town, but a few, some times come home with few copies of these Newspapers on an irregular basis. Moreover, even the readership of these Newspapers is strongly affected by the high illiterate rate of the in of this Community.
Television sets, on the other hand, are owned only by wealthy individuals that can afford both television sets and the Electric generating plants which are required to operate the sets, or the chargeable motor batteries which are sometimes needed in place of generating plants. Therefore, to this community, television ownership is not confined to the literate class as many illiterate but well-to-do villagers own television as luxury goods capable of providing relaxation from the stresses of daily life. In this mass media organization and management lecture, Okenwa maintains that:
Most Yoruba people purchase television sets not just for luxury of it, but for the sake of Babasala’s drama which provides an excellent comic relief to the Yoruba man after his activities during this study shows the pattern of interaction between Newspaper and Television massages as agent of social development of Adaba Community.
Previous researchers in this field confirmed themselves to the study of the relationship between Urban and Rural areas in terms of media exposure. But this study distinguishes itself by studying a completely rural community such as Adaba Community.
Writers in this field, such as Everett Roger emphasize: that interpersonal communication channels are inadequate for reaching the huge peasant audiences of the less developed countries even when these channels are provided at the village level by government change agents.
IMPACT OF COLOUR REPRESENTATION IN NEWSPAPER ADVERTISING Colour is the visual impression registered by the rating of the eye when struck by light. There are seven colours in the band, these are red, orange, yellow, green, blue, indigo and violet. Light is therefore the source of all colours. “when we see a red rose, we see it only because light reflects from it into our eyes, making the rose and its colour discernible colour then, is a property of the light waves reaching our eyes not of the object seen. There are principally six colours made up of three primary colours blues, red, and yellow and three secondary colours orange, green and violet. This not withstanding, physics however, classify all colours of the light band which includes indigo as primary colours of light. The secondary colours are so called because they are hybrid of the primary colours for instance orange is obtained by mixing yellow and red, green by mixing yellow and blue and violet (purple by mixing red and blue. According to McCann Erickson, Inc, the advertising agency that develops coca-cola nationals campaigns said that advertising is “truth well told”. This philosophy is echoed by coke’s management . Today, we all have strong concepts of what adverting is and we also tend to have very strong opinions and prejudices about it. Definitions of advertising are many and varied. It may be defined as “communication process, a marketing process, an economic and social process, a public relations process, or an information and persuasion process” depending on the point of view. Advertising is also the non-personal communication of information, usually paid for and usually persuasive in nature, about products, services or ideas by identified sponsors through various media. There is a trend in advertising these days in which various colours are in now being used in newspaper, magazine and television advertisements. Research has shown that advertisements presenting in colours are attractive and infact whips appatice. To be specific, the vanguard newspaper has been the major promoter of this trend and it is now generally believed by marketers that the impact of colour in advertising has positive effect on the quantum of products presented to the public of colours. This study is however aimed at establishing if there is such correlation.