Comparative Analysis Of The Problems Facing Private Televisions And Government Televisions In The Dissemination Of Information

INTRODUCTION
1.0 BACKGROUND OF THE STUDY
Though both private and government owned television are established for the purposes of dissemination of information to their guidance, yet they are confronted with some problems.
These problems range from their ownership to management, which no doubt have affected both polices and operations, finance case studies.
Both of the media houses utilize electronic magnetic waves in reading divisive audience but by comparative analysis, the factors of ownership and media policy differ them in terms of styles, objectives, operations etc.
In this circumstance, comparative analysis of the researcher is based on case studies of both minaj television Obosi, a private television and that of NTA Channel 12 Owerri a government owned television house.
We shall look at the history of Television stations in Nigeria and specifically the problems facing the two.
Television was this introduced by the defunct Western Region Government in 1959, which was then known as Western Nigeria Broadcasting the Federal Government.
At present Nigeria has well over 30 Television stations. The MINAJ Television was established in 1994 while NTA Owerri was established 2003, According to the book mass media purpose, principles and practices written by BEN AGBO AND NKEM FAB-UKOZOR, say that the coverage of Television is limited to the urban centers which in effect indicate that the audience for television come from the towns.
There is evidence in this paper that television broadcasting in Nigeria was not people- oriented but a policy toll and propaganda but at present, some fairness, balance can be observed in some especially the privately owned ones.

1.1 STATEMENT OF RESEARCH PROBLEM
Both Government owned and private television stations are of immense importance to the society minding the roles which they play accordingly information, education and entertainment.
Taking cognizance of the fact that there is growth of advertising and there is privatization of the broadcast media.
The Television broadcasting are sure to greatly influence the lives of Nigerians positively and of course negatively,
In this regard, we shall attempt to make comparative analysis on both privately owned and government owned television station, with a focus on problems facing them.

1.2 OBJECTIVE OF THE STUDY
It is the objective of this paper to make comparative analysis on the problem facing with private and government owned Television station.
It is also to proffer solutions to such problems
Another objective of this study is also to determine the historical evolution and development of broadcasting in Nigeria.

1.3 SIGNIFICANCE OF THE STUDY
This study will help us determine the factors which constitute problems to both private and government television broadcasting stations and also to know the extent with which the problems have reached and the study will also suggest solutions to the problems.
As a result of the fact that the organization might not have time and also the resources both manpower and other wise to research into this topic, this very work would therefore, present a comprehensive and factual information or knowledge of their operations in the state. By acknowledging the facts put up more efforts to improve or automatically correcting the problems existing in the station
On the other hand, as a station owned and finance by the government and private, a knowledge of the station’s problems is a step towards solving it.
The public in general will benefit from the findings of this research and the solutions if implemented by the management of government and private television station, their conditions and level of service will improve and the public will have cause to enjoy and identify with the station the more especially students of mass communication will always find this work valuable as it serve as a reference materials for them.

1.4 RESEARCH QUESTIONS
In this regard, the research was conducted in two various stations government and private owned.
The following were asked during the interview
1) What are the problems of information dissemination facing MINAJ Television
2) What are the problems facing NTA Channel 12 Owerri in the cause of dissemination of information.
3) What are the distinguishing factors between management of government owned television stations and the private television stations.

1.5 RESEARCH HYPOTHESES
Hi: Government and private television has problems that hamper their dissemination of information in Nigeria
Ho: Government and private television do not have problems that hamper their dissemination of information in Nigeria
H2: Information disseminated through private television station are more objectives than these disseminated through government owned Television station, owing to nature of finance, and control.
H3: Private Television studies offer greater opportunities to the political class for political campaigns than the government owned television studio since the later sects its clines based on for political interests.
Ho: Private Television studies do not offer greater opportunities to the political class for political campaigns than the government owned television studio since the later selects its clients based on for political interests.
H4: Journalists under private Television studies are more versatile and aggressive than these under the employ of Government owned television studios.
Ho: Journalists under private Television studies are not more versatile and aggressive than those under the employ of government owned television studios.

1.6 CONCEPTUAL AND OPERATIONAL DEFINITION
A comparative analysis conceptual characterized by systematic examination of something by analyzing on similamties and dissimilarities
Operational: systematic examination of the likeness and dissimilates of the problems of both private and government television stations
B. MEDIA PREFERENCE
Conceptual: The liking for private Television rather than government owned Television.
Operational: The level of liking for private television rather than government owned, television by the Nigeria viewing audience respectively.

1.7 ASSUMPTIONS
That both private and government owned Television have the fundamental role of disseminating information to the public.
That because of the way and manner the Television stations are established that the ownership and established that the ownership and editorial policies differ.
That both private and government owned Televisions are confronted by problems raging from their different patterns of finance, control and recruitment.

1.8 LIMITATION OF THE STUDY
In a study of this nature, many problems are always encountered.
This study is limited to NTA channel 12, Owerri and MINAJ Television stations, Obos;.
Some of my major handicap were financed, Time and energy and other reasons, that make in impossible to cover other television stations finance is a serious constraints to me. I could not get to certain areas to sample opinions. Irrespective of all this, I still manage to pick certain individuals from these areas who are living in the state capitals. This was purportedly done to enable me obtain a balance and a reliable opinions from all the zones in the state.
Besides Time and energy could not allow me the opportunity to visit some of the department in government and private owned Television station at least to get their views and ideas on the research topic. As a result of lack of time were unable to exhaust my questionnaire from my respondent.
But all said and done, it was not an easy task.