Design And Construction Of Remote Sensing Device (Smart Switch) For Home Use

ABSTRACT

This device is design to monitor and control electrical devices remotely using TV remote control.  The infrared sensor provides the communication mechanism between the user and the system.

This system also continuously monitors the status of devices connected to it. If the status of any critical device changes from ON to OFF or vice versa. This IR Remote Control for controlling home appliances is easily made using Decade Counter CD4017, 555 Timer and TSOP1738 infrared receiver. By using this circuit you can easily control your home appliances using your TV, DVD Player remote control or using a remote control circuit which is the aim of the project.

TABLE OF CONTENTS

TITLE PAGE

APPROVAL PAGE

DEDICATION

ACKNOWELDGEMENT

ABSTRACT

DEFINITION OF TERMS

TABLE OF CONTENT

CHAPTER ONE

• INTRODUCTION
• BACKGROUND OF THE PROJECT
• PROBLEM STATEMENT
• OBJECTIVE OF THE PROJECT
• PURPOSE OF THE PROJECT
• SCOPE OF THE PROJECT
• OPERATING ENVIRONMENT OF THE PROJECT
• LIMITATION OF THE PROJECT
• PROBLEM AND ASSUMPTION OF THE PROJECT
• APPLICATION OF THE PROJECT
• SIGNIFICANCE OF THE PROJECT
• BENEFIT OF THE PROJECT
• METHODOLOGY
• PROJECT ORGANISATION

CHAPTER TWO

2.0     LITERATURE REVIEW
2.1     LITERATURE REVIEW OF THE STUDY
2.3     HISTORICAL BACKGROUND OF REMOTE CONTROL

CHAPTER THREE

3.0      METHODOLOGY

3.1     SYSTEM BLOCK DIAGRAM
3.2   SYSTEM CIRCUIT DIAGRAM
3.3   SYSTEM OPERATION
3.4   CIRCUIT DESCRIPTION
3.5   POWER SUPPLY UNIT

CHAPTER FOUR

RESULT ANALYSIS

4.0   RESULT ANALYSIS

4.1   CONSTRUCTION PROCEDURE AND TESTING ANALYSIS

4.2   ASSEMBLING OF SECTIONS

4.3   TESTING OF SYSTEM OPERATION

4.4   PACKAGING

4.5   MOUNTING PROCEDURE

4.6   TESTING

4.6.1 Pre-implementation test

4.6.2 Post-implementation testing

4.7   RESULT ANALYSIS

4.8   COST ANALYSIS

CHAPTER FIVE

• CONCLUSIONS

5.2     REFERENCE

CHAPTER ONE

1.0                                                        INTRODUCTION

1.1                                          BACKGROUND OF THE STUDY

With the increase in consumption of energy and population, there is a grave need to conserve energy in each way possible. The inability to access and control the appliances from remote locations is one of the major reasons for energy loss. A web or an android application is used by the consumer to give instructions to these systems. This system can make use of a host of communication methods such as infrared, Wi-Fi, GSM, Bluetooth, ZigBee, Radio Frequency. Different controlling appliance and configurations can be found in existing systems. Such systems have been found already in many places for a wide variety of applications.

The smart systems provide mutual interoperability among various electronic, electrical, and power appliance as well as interactive interface for people to control their operation. These features are very helpful to optimize and to economize energy consumption whereby saved energy during some few years could make more money than home automation systems implementation cost. These technologies make peoples’ life also easier, especially for elderly persons and persons with disabilities. These systems exist of course, but there are many non-interoperable, expensive, and often wired systems. Wiring complicates implementation of the home automation in buildings which are already built, especially in historical ones.

The goal of this project is to develop a secure Home Automation System that will allow consumer to remotely operate electric home appliances, e.g. turning on/off lights, in the user’s home.

The consumer interacts with the Home Automation System through computer. This will provide a consumer-friendly interface for the consumer to access and interact with the electric appliance in the home.

Examples of practical uses for such home automation system are many. These include;

• Smart house
• Small-Range wireless network
• Wireless meter reading
• Access control systems
• Wireless home security systems
• Industrial Area paging

Home automation also known as domestics refers to the automatic and electronic control of household features, activity, and appliances. Various control systems are utilized in this residential extension of building automation. Some components of an automated home may include the centralized control of security locks on doors and gates, appliances, windows, lighting, surveillance cameras and HVAC systems heating, ventilation and air conditioning.

This paper presents design and construction of a radio frequency based electrical appliances controlling system using remote. The remote acts as a modem for the control of electrical home appliances. This is achieved when the button is pressed and an appropriate command button is pressed. The paper demonstrates how to develop a system that aids the control of remote devices using remote to enable devices without infrared though connected to power sources to be controlled and considering the possibility of users to monitor the status and usage of these devices.

1.2                                                  PROBLEM STATEMENT

Most homes make use of many electrical and electronics appliances such as the television set, standing fan, ceiling fan, air conditioner, lighting bulbs, video players, radio, etc. All these appliances require switching to turn on and turn off these appliances traditionally. This manual switching of any home appliance is an inconvenient method for physically disabled or elderly or even for the young and busy individuals when frequent switching operation is required. Thus, an easier method of switching is developed to replace this manual switching method, using an advanced switching method for electronic home appliances – ir remote control. This involves using remote to switch ON and OFF of home appliances.

1.3                                                   AIM OF THE PROJECT

The aim of this work is to build a remote control device for home appliances that let the user to connect your regular everyday appliances to be controlled by a remote. All you have to do is connect this circuit to any of your home appliances (air conditioner, fan, ac socket etc) and you are good to go. The appliance can now be controlled by a remote control working at the designated frequency. The circuit can be activated from up to 10 metres.

1.4                                             OBJECTIVE OF THE PROJECT

The main objective of this project is to develop a home automation system with a four button key transmitter by using infrared technology.

1.5                                              PURPOSE OF THIS PROJECT

The main purpose of this project is to develop a home automation system with remote control. As technology is advancing so houses are also getting smarter. Modern houses are gradually shifting from conventional switches to centralized control system, involving wireless controlled switches.

Presently, conventional wall switches located in different parts of the house makes it difficult for the user to go near them to operate. Even more it becomes more difficult for the elderly or physically handicapped people to do so. Remote controlled home automation system provides a simpler solution with an infrared technology.

By operating the specified remote switch on the transmitter, the loads can be turned ON/OFF remotely through infrared technology.

1.6                                                 SCOPE OF THE PROJECT

This device allows for a user to remotely control and monitor multiple home appliances using a remote. This system will be a powerful and flexible tool that will offer this service at any time, and from anywhere with the constraints of the technologies being applied. Possible target appliances include (but are not limited to) climate control systems, security systems, and lights; anything with an electrical interface.

1.7                                            OPERATING ENVIRONMENT

The control system will include two separate units: the transmitter, and the receiver unit. There will therefore be two operating environments. When operating the system the user will make sure that there is no obstacle in between the transmitter and the receiver.

1.8                                          LIMITATIONS OF THE PROJECT

The following is a list of limitations for the project.

·        The receiver must reside in a location where the transmitter can site it.

·        Only devices with electrical controlling input ports will be possible targets for control.

·        The receiver must have a power source (220vac) attached at all times.

1.9                          THE ADVANTAGES OF AN AUTOMATED HOME

Home automation has greatly increased in popularity over the past several years. One of the greatest advantages of an automated home is the ease with which functionality can be managed on an array of appliance: desktop, laptop, tablet or smartphone. Before determining which home automation package is right for you and your family, it is important to become better informed of the features and settings associated with home safety and security systems.

1.10                                     BENEFITS OF HOME AUTOMATION

One of the greatest advantages of home automation systems is that consumer can protect against break-ins and fires, while enjoying automations for lights, temperature, and more. The automation of features in one’s home helps to promote security, comfort, energy efficiency, and convenience. Another benefit of home automation systems is the amount of labor, time, energy and materials that is saved.

Home automation systems are becoming more and more affordable. Not only are prices decreasing, but operating systems are also become less complex so that consumer can readily master all the controls associated with their safety and security appliance. Home automation commands can now be given through smartphones, tablets and televisions.

Whether you have a large family or are a household of one, home automation is an attainable solution to your safety and security concerns. After the professional installation of a home automation system, you can begin to enjoy the benefits of leaving or returning to a safer and smarter home.

1.11                                      APPLICATIONS OF THE PROJECT

This project can be used in Industries; this system can be employed in houses, where people often forget to switch off electrical appliances. This system can be used to control AC’s to set the room temperature when we are outside. This work is aimed toward average consumers who wish to control household appliances remotely provided that the appliances are electrically controllable. Example of feasible appliances and applications under consideration include; enable/disable security systems, fans, lights, kitchen appliances, and adjusting the temperatures settings of a heating/ventilation/air conditioning system.

This system can be used in industrial applications. This system can be employed in houses, where people often forget to switch off electrical appliances. This system can be used to control AC’s to set the room temperature when we are outside.

1.12                                       SIGNIFICANCE OF THE PROJECT

Home Appliance Control using infrared technology can be used to turn on / off the devices and various appliances in our home. It can prove very useful for disabled people. This project can also be used in shop, offices, industry. User has to press the remote which is connected to the project.

It helps elderly people to control switches from anywhere up to 75 feet. This four button key fob transmitter is also very productive for commercial uses in Industrial and medical systems. Remote controlled home automation system provides a simpler solution with infrared technology.

In order to achieve this, an RF remote (Keypad) is interfaced to the 555 timer on transmitter side which sends ON/OFF commands to the receiver where loads are connected. By operating the specified remote switch on the transmitter, the loads can be turned ON/OFF remotely through wireless technology.

Then user has to press various keys to control the devices. In this work:

• Quick response is achieved.
• Construction is easy.
• Easy to maintain and repair.
• Comparatively the operation cost is less.
• Design is efficient and low cost.
• Power consumption is low.
• Controlling electrical devices wirelessly
• Saves electricity (when we forget to switch off and go out).
• We can control appliances from any place round the globe.
• No coding is required.

1.13                                       METHODOLOGY

To achieve the aim and objectives of this work, the following are the steps involved:

1. Study of the previous work on the project so as to improve it efficiency.
2. Draw a block diagram.

• Test for continuity of components and devices,

1. Design of was carried out.
2. Studying of various component used in circuit.
3. Construct the circuit.

• Finally, the whole device was cased and final test was carried out.

1.14                                      PROJECT WORK ORGANISATION

The various stages involved in the development of this project have been properly put into five chapters to enhance comprehensive and concise reading. In this project thesis, the project is organized sequentially as follows:

Chapter one of this work is on the introduction to this study. In this chapter, the background, significance, objective limitation and problem of this study were discussed.

Chapter two is on literature review of this study. In this chapter, all the literature pertaining to this work was reviewed.

Chapter three is on design methodology. In this chapter all the method involved during the design and construction were discussed.

Chapter four is on testing analysis. All testing that result accurate functionality was analyzed.

Chapter five is on conclusion, recommendation and references.