Construction Of Kerosene Cooking Stove
The construction of a kerosene cooking stove involves several components designed to efficiently utilize kerosene fuel for cooking purposes. Typically comprised of a burner assembly, fuel tank, regulating mechanism, and supporting structure, the stove is engineered to generate controlled heat suitable for cooking various types of food. The burner assembly, often featuring a wick or pressurized system, facilitates the combustion of kerosene, producing a consistent flame. The fuel tank, securely integrated into the stove’s design, stores the kerosene supply, ensuring uninterrupted cooking operations. A regulating mechanism allows users to adjust the flame intensity, providing flexibility in cooking temperatures. The supporting structure provides stability and heat insulation, safeguarding against accidents and optimizing energy efficiency. Through meticulous engineering and design, kerosene cooking stoves offer a reliable and cost-effective solution for households and communities, particularly in areas with limited access to alternative cooking fuels.
The purpose of the construction is aimed at producing heat energy for commercial use by turning liquid fuel(kerosene).the construction was successful by appropriate selection of engineering material favourably mild steel(blacksheet) and steel iron for special p2rts.
The technological properties passed by the chosen mild steel are; machinability ,weldability,durability,andformability.mech2nude properties includem2llebillity,duetility,st2tic strength and high tensile strength .
The sequence of operation followed by the construction are; Literature review, material selection-fabrication evaluation and possible redesign and modification. The fabrication processes of the metallic material includes the making out, cutting bending hammering, joining, welding, grazing, smothering and finally printing.
A consideration of the operational environment which the store will function was taken into account and a material selection which has the ability of being prevented by coating from corrosion –mild steel was chosen.
After the construction, the operational efficiency was tested and is 92% effective that is, produces bluish flame which indicates that the aim of the construction was achieved.
The costing, which is the overriding factors, was tabulated headed under material costing labour costing and overhead costing.
Mode of operation of the store and the precautionary measure was also included in order to give the store a maximum service life.
TITLE PAGE
LETTER OFTRANSMITTAL
APPROVAL PAGE
DEDICATION
ACKNOLEGEMENT
ABSTRACT
TABLE OF CONTENTS
CHAPTER ONE
1.0 INTRODUCTION
CHAPTER TWO
1.1LITERATURE REVIEW
1.11A REVIEW OF KEROSINE
1.12 A REVIEW OF KEROSINE EXPLOSION
1.13 BURNING VELOCITY MEASUREMENT
1.14 A BRIEF LITERATURE REVIEW ON FOSSIL FUEL
(A) FOSSIL FUELS
(B) CHARACTERISATION OF FOSSIL FUEL
(C) COMBUSTION OF FOSSIL FUELS
(D) COMBUSTION OF LIQUID FUELS (KEROSINE)
(E) COMBUSTION STOICHIMETRY
(F) THEORTICAL AIR AND CARBONDIOXIDE FOR COMBUSTION OF INDUSTRIAL FUELS.
1.15HHEAT( FIRE) PROCESS EQUIPMENT
(A)DIRECT FIRED PROCESS EQUIPMENT
(B)INDERECT FIRED (HEAT) PROCESS
1.16 A REVIEW- LITERATURE ON CONSTRUCTIONAL ENGINEERING MATERIALS
(A) IRON AND STEEL
(B) STEEL
(C) CLASSIFICATION OF STEEL
(D) HARDENABILITY AND THE INFLUENCE OF ALLOYING ELEMENTS IN STEEL.
(E) CRITICAL YEMPERATURES IN PLAIN CARBON STEEL
(F) TOOL SHEEL
(G) MARAGING STEEL
(H) HIGH ALLOY CORROSION SCALE STEEL
1.17 MECHANISM OF STOVE OPERATION
1.18 PROPERTIES OF MATERIALS FOR CONTRUCTION OF KEROSENE STOVE
CHAPTER THREE
3.1 CONSTRUCTIONAL PROCESS AND CARE OF THE STOVE.
3.2 CONTRUCTIONAL PROCEDURES
3.3 DETAILS OF THE CONTRUCTION – COMPONENTS
3.3.1 FABRICATION OF THE BURNER
3.3.2 STEPS OF FABRICATING STOVE JACK
3.3.3 STEPS FOR FABRICATING THE STOVE CASINE
3.3.4 CONSTRUCTION OF THE BODY
3.3.5 PAINTING.
CHAPTER FOUR
COSTING
4.1 MATERIAL COST
4.2 LABOUR COST
CHAPTER FIVE
5.1 DISCUSSION
5.2 CONCLUSION
5.3 RECOMMENDATION
5.4 REFERENCES
INTRODUCTION
Effective Construction and the utilization of engineering materials lies on the appropriate selection of materials. Materials properties very from one engineering material to another, and is based on these properties that materials are selected for a particular construction. Many factors are to be considered if selection of materials will be affected; these facture.
Include;
A. The mechanical properties such as
(i) Strength – tensile strength
(ii) Stiffness – elastic modulus
(iii) Toughness – fracture resistance
(iv) Hardness – wear resistance
(v) Fatique resistance
(vi) Creep resistance
B. The availability of the material
C. The workability of the material – machinability weldability, fabrication, forging.
D. The cost of the material which includes;
Cost pf Installation; cost of maintenance; cost of fabrication; cost of replacement
E. The stability of the material.
In chemical process such as the one required in kerosene cooking, stove- the mixture of fuel (kerosene) with air, the overriding factor in the selection of stove materials is the ability of the selected materials to resist corrosion.
Engineering materials Includes metals,
Plastics (polymer) and ceramics. For the purpose of our basic concern – construction of stove, we will be limited or streamlined to metals alone.
After considering the various material properties and its associated factors, the following are selectively considered; low carbon steel, medium carbon steel, high carbon steel, galvanized steel, stainless steel and metallic rod.
The use of kerosene store at homes and industries a source of heat and for heating substances has played a vital role in the fulfillment of man’s existence; that is had performed specific functions.
Until the recent development of technology which lead to the refining of crude oil into various fraction – kerosene, the use of firewood, coal and other fossile fuels materials has been the only source of cooking or heat energy in Nigeria.
The design and construction of cooking stove is made in such a way that it provides the four basic elements of combustion without which purpose for construction cannot be maximized.
In order to provide for the basic element of combustion, the system is built to contain many components the most important being the burner.
Kerosene serves as the main component of aviation fuel for jet engines. In many developing countries, kerosene is the next to fire wood in domestic application.
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Construction Of Kerosene Cooking Stove:
Constructing a kerosene cooking stove requires some technical skills and safety precautions. Keep in mind that working with flammable fuels can be dangerous, so ensure you have the necessary knowledge and follow safety guidelines. Here’s a general outline of how you can construct a basic kerosene cooking stove:
Materials and Tools Needed:
Metal container: You’ll need a metal container to house the stove components. This could be an old metal can or a box made from sheet metal. Ensure it’s sturdy and heat-resistant.
Kerosene burner: You can purchase a kerosene burner from a hardware store or salvage one from an old kerosene stove. It should include a wick and a burner cap.
Fuel tank: You’ll need a separate container to hold the kerosene fuel. This could be a metal or plastic container with a tight-sealing lid.
Fuel supply line: You’ll need a tube or pipe to connect the fuel tank to the burner. Ensure it’s made of a material that can withstand heat and won’t corrode.
Valve and control mechanism: To regulate the flow of kerosene to the burner, you’ll need a valve and control mechanism. You can repurpose parts from an old kerosene stove or purchase these separately.
Safety equipment: Safety goggles, gloves, and a fire extinguisher should be on hand.
Steps to Construct the Kerosene Cooking Stove:
Design the stove: Plan the layout of your stove. The burner should sit at the top of the stove, and there should be a compartment for the fuel tank below. Ensure proper ventilation and safety features.
Prepare the metal container: If you’re using a metal can or sheet metal, cut and shape it to create the stove housing. Make sure there is a stable base to support the weight of the burner and fuel tank.
Install the kerosene burner: Place the kerosene burner at the top of the stove, ensuring it’s securely fixed in place. The wick should be easily adjustable, and the burner cap should be placed over it.
Connect the fuel tank: Drill a hole in the stove housing to accommodate the fuel supply line. Attach the fuel tank to the stove, positioning it in the compartment below. Ensure a tight and leak-proof connection between the fuel tank and the burner.
Install the valve and control mechanism: Connect the valve and control mechanism to the fuel supply line. This allows you to regulate the flow of kerosene to the burner.
Test for leaks: Before using the stove, test for any fuel leaks. Fill the fuel tank, open the valve slightly, and check for any drips or leaks. If you find any, fix them immediately.
Safety checks: Ensure the stove is stable and won’t tip over. Place it on a heat-resistant surface away from flammable materials. Wear safety goggles and gloves when handling kerosene.
Ignition: Light the stove using a long match or a lighter, following the manufacturer’s instructions for the specific burner you’re using.
Cooking: Adjust the flame using the control mechanism to achieve the desired cooking temperature.
Safety precautions: Always monitor the stove while it’s in use, and have a fire extinguisher nearby in case of emergencies. Be cautious of carbon monoxide emissions and ensure adequate ventilation.
Remember that building and using a kerosene cooking stove can be hazardous if not done properly. If you’re not experienced with such projects, it’s safer to purchase a commercially available kerosene stove and follow the manufacturer’s instructions. Additionally, be aware of any local regulations and safety standards related to the use of kerosene stoves in your area.