Design And Construction Of A Simple Smoke Detector Alarm Circuit
A smoke detector alarm circuit is a fundamental component in fire safety systems, designed to detect the presence of smoke particles in the air and emit an audible alarm to alert occupants of potential fire hazards. This circuit typically consists of a smoke sensor, such as a photoelectric sensor or ionization chamber, which detects smoke particles by either interrupting a beam of light or ionizing air molecules. When smoke is detected, the sensor triggers an alarm circuit, which can include components like a voltage comparator, operational amplifier, or microcontroller, to activate an audible alarm such as a buzzer or siren. Additionally, the circuit may incorporate power supply components like batteries or a DC power source and may include features such as test buttons, LED indicators, and relay switches for interfacing with external devices like fire alarm systems or home automation systems. The design and construction of a simple smoke detector alarm circuit involve integrating these components in a reliable and cost-effective manner to provide timely and effective detection of smoke in residential, commercial, or industrial settings, enhancing overall fire safety and minimizing the risk of property damage and personal harm.
ABSTRACT
Smoke Detectors are very useful in detecting smoke or fire in buildings, and so are the important safety parameters. In this project, we are going to build a Simple Smoke Detector Circuit without using any Microcontroller. This circuit triggers the Buzzer whenever it detects Smoke or fire near by it. This circuit mainly uses MQ6 Smoke/Gas sensor to detect the level of smoke. MQ6 gas sensor is also sensible to LPG, Alcohol, and Methane etc. In this work a Buzzer was as a Smoke alarm, which is driven by BC547 NPN transistor. Whenever smoke sensor senses smoke, it reduces its resistance and due to this decrease in resistance, voltage across the base of the transistor increases. Now when the voltage at the base terminal of transistor become more than or equal to 0.70v then transistor turns on and LED lights up and buzzer also starts beeping. And when there is no Smoke, both the indication components turns off as the voltage across base terminal of transistor goes below the 0.70v.
TABLE OF CONTENTS
COVER PAGE
TITLE PAGE
APPROVAL PAGE
DEDICATION
ACKNOWELDGEMENT
ABSTRACT
CHAPTER ONE
1.0 INTRODUCTION
1.1 BACKGROUND OF THE PROJECT
- PURPOSE OF THE PROJECT
- AIM OF THE PROJECT
- OBJECTIVE OF THE PROJECT
- PURPOSE OF THE PROJECT
- LIMITATION OF THE PROJECT
- ADVANTAGES OF THE PROJECT
- PROBLEM OF THE PROJECT
- APPLICATION OF THE PROJECT
- RESEARCH QUESTION
- PROJECT ORGANISATION
CHAPTER TWO
LITERATURE REVIEW
- OVERVIEW OF THE STUDY
- REVIEW OF THE RELATED STUDY
CHAPTER THREE
3.0 CONSTRUCTION METHODOLOGY
3.1 BASIC OF THE SYSTEM
3.2 BLOCK DIAGRAM OF THE SYSTEM
3.3 SYSTEM OPERATION
3.4 CIRCUIT DIAGRAM
3.5 CIRCUIT DESCRIPTION
3.6 DESCRIPTION OF COMPONENTS USED
3.7 POWER SUPPLY UNIT
CHAPTER FOUR
4.0 TESTING AND RESULTS
- CONSTRUCTION PROCEDURE AND TESTING
- INSTALLATION OF THE COMPLET DESIGN
- ASSEMBLING OF SECTIONS
- TESTING OF SYSTEM OPERATION
- COST ANALYSIS
CHAPTER FIVE
- CONCLUSION
- RECOMMENDATION
- REFERENCES
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