»

Design And Constructionof A Passive Infrared (PIR) Based Automatic Door System

The design and construction of a Passive Infrared (PIR) based automatic door system involves integrating PIR sensors with a mechanism that controls the opening and closing of the door in response to detected motion. PIR sensors detect infrared radiation emitted by objects within their field of view, triggering the system to activate the door mechanism. The construction typically includes mounting PIR sensors strategically near the entrance, connecting them to a microcontroller or programmable logic controller (PLC) which processes the sensor inputs, and interfacing the controller with the door actuator mechanism, such as a motor or pneumatic system, to facilitate automatic opening and closing. Additionally, the system may incorporate safety features like obstacle detection to prevent accidents. This innovative solution enhances convenience and accessibility, particularly in high-traffic areas, while promoting energy efficiency by reducing the need for manual door operation.

ABSTRACT

The project is designed for automatic door opening and closing system using PIR sensor. Opening and closing of doors is always a tedious job, especially in places like shopping malls, hotels and theatres where a person is always required to open the door for visitors.

This project proposes a system of automatic opening and closing of door by sensing any body movement near the door. This is achieved with help of a PIR (Passive Infrared) sensor. A live body generally emits infrared energy which is sensed by the PIR sensor from a considerable distance. This sensing signal is fed to a microcontroller to operate a door motor through motor driver IC.

When a body approaches within the operating range of the sensor, it sends a logical command to open the door. The door automatically closes with a fixed time delay. If there is no further movement within the PIR operating range. Interrupt signals are used through limit switches to avoid locked rotor condition of the motor.

CHAPTER ONE

1.1 INTRODUCTION

An automatic opening and closing of door sensor is a motion detector: The most common single-technology motion detecting sensor uses passive infrared (PIR) energy to recognize the movement of heat in a protected space, such as a person walking near the door. It is most effective in detecting when the heat mass moves across its field of vision.

This project proposes a system of automatic opening and closing of door by sensing any body movement near the door. This is achieved with help of a PIR (Passive Infrared) sensor. A live body generally emits infrared energy which is sensed by the PIR sensor from a considerable distance. This sensing signal is fed to a microcontroller to operate a door motor through motor driver IC.

When a body approaches within the operating range of the sensor, it sends a logical command to open the door. The door automatically closes with a fixed time delay. If there is no further movement within the PIR operating range. Interrupt signals are used through limit switches to avoid locked rotor condition of the motor.

1.2 OBJECTIVE OF THE STUDY

The main objective of an automatic opening and closing sensor is to open door by sensing any body movement near the door and later close the door

1.3 SIGNIFICANCE OF THE PROJECT

Automatic doors operate with the help of sensors. Sensors do exactly what they sound like they’d do: they sense things. There are many different types of sensors that can sense different types of things, such as sound, light, weight, and motion.

For example, some automatic doors operate when they’re triggered by sensors that sense weight. These weight sensors might be disguised in a rubber mat in front of the door. When you step on the mat, the sensors send a signal to the automatic doors that tells them to open.

Other automatic doors operate on optic or motion sensors. These sensors might be mounted above a set of automatic doors or built on the top or the sides of the frame of the automatic doors.

When these optic or motion sensors sense motion nearby, they trigger the automatic doors to open and then close. This is why, when you approach a set of automatic doors, they will open as soon as you get close enough to activate the sensors.

Automatic doors have many useful purposes, which is why you can find them in many different types of locations. From supermarkets to airports and many types of large buildings, automatic doors make it easier for people to get into and out of buildings. They are especially helpful for people who are handicapped.

Similar to revolving doors, automatic doors also help to save energy, since they limit the amount of time that doors are open to only those times people are entering or exiting a building. And if you’ve ever shopped until your hands are full of bags, you know how handy automatic doors can be when it’s time to head to the car!

1.4 USES FOR MOTION SENSORS

Motion sensors aren’t just used for home security. In industrial fields, they are used on assembly lines to keep track of the number of products and to shut down dangerous equipment if a person gets too close.

Here are a few other ways motion sensors are used:

To open and close automatic Doors
To turn on and off automatic water faucets and toilets
To turn on lights when a person enters a room
To control ATM displays
At automatic ticket gates
For some parking meters

Motion sensors aren’t just an additional feature of a security system—they are essential. Without sensors, there wouldn’t be a way to detect intruders.

Hopefully this motion sensor guide taught you the motion sensor’s role in your home’s security, the various technologies employed in motion detection, and how to properly install your sensors so they can do their job..