Design And Planning Of Base Transceiver Station

ABSTRACT

This project work is titled design and planning of a base transceiver station. A BTS is also known as a base station (BS), radio base station (RBS) or node B (eNB).

A base transceiver station (BTS) or cell site is a piece of equipment that facilitates wireless communication between user equipment (UE) and a network. UEs are devices like mobile phones (handsets), WLL phones, computers with wireless internet connectivity, WiFi and WiMAX gadgets etc. The network can be that of any of the wireless communication technologies like GSM, CDMA, WLL, WAN, WiFi, WiMAX.

The aim of this work is to design and plan a base station that can facilitates wireless communication between user equipment (UE) and a network.

TABLE OF CONTENTS

Title Page

Approval Page

Dedication

Acknowledgement

Abstract

Table of Content

CHAPTER ONE

1.0      Introduction

1.1      Objective of the study

1.2      Significance of the study

CHAPTER TWO

2.0     Literature review

2.1      Review of base transceiver station

2.2     Review of open GSM infrastructure

2.3     Historical background of base transceiver station

2.4     Review of GSM network architecture

2.5     Review of base station controller

CHAPTER THREE

3.0     Methodology

3.1      Block diagram of a base transceiver

3.2     Base transceiver general architecture

3.3     Base transceiver station structure

3.4     Configuration & installation of a base transceiver station (bts)

3.5    Components of the base transceiver station

3.6    General function

CHAPTER FOUR

4.1      Tests and Diagnostics

4.2      System standard testing

4.3      system maintenance

4.4      Cooling for the base transceiver station

CHAPTER FIVE

5.1      Conclusion

5.2      References

CHAPTER ONE

1.0                                                        INTRODUCTION

Communication as an important aspect of human life. As man continues daily life. The need to continually communicate, acquire and share information becomes more obvious. It then becomes important and necessary to be more information conscious not only in the content but as well as the speed of its transfer. This work centers on the design of a Base Transceiver Station network which is designed in order to reduce communication problems and improve information dissemination within the community. The results of these studies, and measurements were used to recommend suitable transmitting location and antenna height measurements were used to recommend suitable transmitting parameters such as radiated power. Antenna gain and operating frequencies with a view to recommending an appropriate base station system equipment specification.

A network may be any wireless technology, like Code Division Multiple Access (CDMA), Global System for Mobile Communications (GSM), Worldwide Interoperability for Microwave Access (WiMAX) or Wi-Fi. However, because a BTS is associated with mobile communications technologies, it refers to the equipment that creates the “cell” in a cellular network. Sometimes, an entire base station, plus its tower, is improperly referred to as a base transceiver station (BTS) or cell phone tower.

As part of a cellular network, a base transceiver station (BTS)  has equipment for the encryption and decryption of communications, spectrum filtering equipment, antennas and transceivers (TRX) to name a few. A BTS typically has multiple transceivers that allow it to serve many of the cell’s different frequencies and sectors.

A parent base station controller (BSC) controls all BTSs via the base station control function (BCF) – either a separate unit or integrated with the TRX for compact base stations. The BCF provides a connection to the network management system (NMS) and manages the transceiver’s operational states.

The function of the base transceiver station (BTS)  remains the same – no matter what type of wireless technology is used.

A base transceiver station (BTS) is a piece of network equipment that facilitates wireless communication between a device and network.

A BTS consists of the following:

• Antennas that relay radio messages
• Transceivers
• Duplexers
• Amplifiers

A BTS is also known as a base station (BS), radio base station (RBS) or node B (eNB).

OBJECTIVE OF THE STUDY

The main objective of this study is to design and plan a wireless network (typically cellular or PCS) that includes the transmitters and receivers, antennas and tower that is used to communicate with mobile radios.

SIGNIFICANCE OF THE COURSE

This study exposes us to the architecture, function descriptions and minimum requirements for integration of a set of common modules into a base transceiver station (BTS). It:

• Defined an internal modular structure of base stations.
• Defined a set of standard BTS modules with specified form, fit and function such that BTS vendors can acquire and integrate modules from multiple vendors in an OEM fashion.
• Defined internal digital interfaces between BTS modules to assure interoperability and compatibility.
• Supported different access technologies such as GSM, Enhanced Data Rates for GSM Evolution (EDGE), CDMA2000, WCDMA .