Vandalisation As A Factors Of Socio – Economic Development
(A Case Study Of Phcn)
Vandalization poses a significant challenge to socio-economic development due to its detrimental impact on infrastructure, public resources, and community cohesion. This form of destructive behavior encompasses acts of defacement, destruction, or theft, targeting public or private property, including transportation systems, educational institutions, and urban spaces. Such vandalism disrupts essential services, impeding economic activities and deterring investments, thereby hampering socio-economic progress. Furthermore, the psychological effects of vandalism, such as fear and insecurity, can diminish social trust and cohesion, hindering collective efforts towards development initiatives. Addressing vandalism requires a comprehensive approach involving community engagement, law enforcement, and educational campaigns to foster a sense of ownership and respect for shared resources, thereby fostering a conducive environment for sustainable socio-economic advancement.
The present research work is summarized as follows
It creates an opportunity for the comprehensive definition vandalization with special solution.
The research work also established that vandals are some of the reasons for the socio-economic development of our nation and all effort should be done to check their menaces to the nation.
Also the research work emphasized that petroleum and electricity products are the main energy sources of the nation which are characterized by vandalization hence the need ensure there constant quality supply.
Finally the research work equally emphasized that both the private and public sector has stake in the immunization of the incidences of vandalization through a programmatic public and private partnership.
Cover page
Title page
Dedication
Acknowledgement
Certificate
Chapter one
Introduction
1.1 Background of the study
1.2 Statement of problems
1.3 Purpose (objective) of the study
1.4 Research question
1.5 Hypothesis
1.6 The scope delimitation of the study
1.7 The significance of the study
1.8 Definition of terms
Chapter two
Review of literature
Chapter three
Research methodology
3.1 The design of the study
3.2 Area of study
3.3 The population of study
3.4 Sample and sampling technique
3.5 Instrument for data collection
3.6 Validation of instrument
3.7 Reliability of instrument
3.8 Method for data collection
Chapter four
Data presentation and analysis
Chapter five
Discussion and conclusion of result
5.1 Discussion of finding
5.2 Conclusion of the study
5.3 Recommendation
5.4 Implication of the finding
5.5 Limitation of the study
INTRODUCTION
1.1 BACKGROUND OF THE STUDY
Nigeria as an independent nation was characterized by good governance and the principle of sustainable management of human and material resources in the 60’s and 70’s, which made up governed to experience. Situation of improved social and economic condition which eras attributed to the affordable cost of energy products such as petroleum and electricity.
However in the energy 80’s and aptill date the services of government that has piloted the affairs of this great nation (Nigeria) even those that has failed to realize that energy products such as petroleum and electricity products are the mainstay the entire citizenry of the country this is evident in the level of mal-administration which ahs been recorded in the energy sector in recent times thereby making the cost of these products to be above the reach of the and users.
Furthermore the masses been avenue of the ugly tend and also considering the abundance which the nation enjoys in this sector decided it embark on vandalization as the solution to their energy problem.
Basically our focus an this research work is power holding company Nigerian Ltd which in all ramification as representing the energy sector.
1.2 STATEMENT OF PROBLEM
The present research work provides the following problems
First the problems of bad government or administration that couldn’t manage the energy sector properly.
Secondly the problems of vandals who are not aware of the hazards that are associated with vandalization.
Thirdly the problems of illicitly high cost of energy products.
Also the research work present the problems of testable economy due to vandalization
Finally the problem of reduced gross domestic products GDP, due to loss of greater percentage the national income to the incidence of vandalization.
1.3 PURPOSE OR OBJECTIVE OF THE STUDY
The proposed research under taken has the following objectives
i. The government on the need to work up to their responsibility of providing affordable and qualitative energy products
ii. It is also aimed at enlightening the masses on the dangers that are associated with vandalization
iii. The research work has the objective of encouraging the independent marketers and other stakeholder in the energy sector to assist the government in checking the activities of vandals.
iv. The research work is medium for establishing the huge amount that is lost annually to vandalization
v. Finally it is designed also to establish the direct relationship that exists between vandalization and socio-economic development of a nation.
1.4 RESEARCH QUESTION
During the course of the research work the following:
1. To what extent has incidence of vandalization hindered the socio-economic development of Nigeria?
2. What is the role of the government in putting an-end to cases of vandalization?
3. Who is to blame for vandalization the public or private sector?
4. To what extent does vandalization determines the supply of energy products with reference to price and quantity
5. Are there other means of advancing socio economic development rather then the energy sector?
1.5 SCOPE OF THE STUDY (DELIMITATION)
My scope of study no this research work is power holding company Nigeria Ltd Enugu the recent research that has been conducted round the energy sector reveals that the above mentioned organization has experienced high incident rate of vandalization. And as such posses the basic features for the discussion of the research cope.
1.6 THE SIGNIFICANCE OF THE STUDY
The present research work has the following significance:
i. It will help to reduce cases of vandalization
ii. It will help the country to experience accelerated socio economic development
iii. It has significance of exposing the risks associated with vandalization, especially possibility of loss of life
iv. The research encourages improved public and private partnership to reduce vandalization
v. Finally to promote GDP growth for sustainable economic
1.7 DEFINITION OF TERMS
During the course of the research work the following terms were identified and defined appropriately energy vandals vandalization socio economic development mal-administration government policy partnership sector private sector etc.
i. Energy: This is the driven force that is generated by the consumption or utilization of electricity and petroleum products
ii. Vandals: These are the individuals that embarks on vandalization of energy installation
iii. Vandalization: This is the process of destroying our energy installations, which brings about scarcity of the energy products.
iv. Socio economic: This is the combination of social and economic activities to attain sustainable national growth
v. Development: This is the meaningful and sustainable progress that is experienced by country
vi. Mal-administration: This is the situation of improper management of the resources of the nation
vii. Government: This is the machinery that is established to manage the affairs of a nation
viii. Policy: This is the decision that is taken by the government in the execution of their plans
ix. Partnership: This is the relationship between the public and private sector which yields dividend
x. Public sector: This is the aspect of the nations economy that is managed by the government.
xi. Private sector: This is the aspect of the economy that is controlled by private individuals
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Vandalisation As A Factors Of Socio – Economic Development:
Vandalization is typically not considered a factor that contributes positively to socio-economic development. Instead, it is generally seen as a detrimental and destructive force that can have adverse effects on communities and economies. Here’s why:
Economic Costs: Vandalism can result in significant economic costs. For instance, public infrastructure such as transportation systems, schools, and public buildings can be damaged or destroyed, leading to expensive repairs and replacements. These costs divert resources away from investments that could promote socio-economic development.
Deterrence of Investment: Businesses are less likely to invest in areas with a high incidence of vandalism. The fear of property damage or theft can deter potential investors, leading to reduced economic growth and job opportunities.
Loss of Productivity: Vandalism can disrupt the normal functioning of businesses and public services. For example, factories may have to shut down temporarily to repair damage, which leads to a loss of productivity and income for both workers and business owners.
Social Cohesion: Vandalism can erode social cohesion within a community. When people feel unsafe due to vandalism, they are less likely to engage in community-building activities or invest in the social fabric of the area. This can hinder the development of strong, supportive communities.
Diversion of Resources: Law enforcement agencies and local governments often have to allocate resources to combat vandalism, investigate incidents, and prosecute offenders. These resources could otherwise be directed toward more constructive activities that foster socio-economic development.
Negative Perceptions: High levels of vandalism can create a negative image of a community or region. This can deter tourists, potential residents, and businesses from wanting to be associated with the area, leading to a decrease in economic opportunities.
Educational Disruption: Schools are often targeted by vandals, and this can disrupt the education of children. When students are unable to learn in a safe and conducive environment, it can hinder their future socio-economic prospects.
Psychological Impact: Vandalism can have a psychological impact on individuals and communities. It can create a sense of insecurity and anxiety, which can affect mental health and overall well-being.
In summary, vandalism is generally seen as a destructive force that hinders socio-economic development. Reducing vandalism through community initiatives, law enforcement efforts, and public awareness campaigns can help create a more conducive environment for positive development to occur.