Design And Construction Of A Wireless Switch Circuit Using Remote Control And JK Flip-Flop

ABSTRACT

Generally appliances that we used in our home are being controlled with the help of devices like switches, sensors. However sometimes it is dangerous to have physical contact with these switches, especially when our bodies are wet which can cause electrocution. So to overcome these dangers, here we have explained a circuit that needs no physical contact with the appliance. In these work, all you need is to press the button on the transmitter the load becomes ON, when presses the second one it switches OFF.

TABLE OF CONTENTS

 TITLE PAGE

APPROVAL PAGE

DEDICATION

ACKNOWELDGEMENT

ABSTRACT

TABLE OF CONTENT

CHAPTER ONE

• INTRODUCTION
• BACKGROUND OF THE PROJECT
• OBJECTIVE OF THE PROJECT
• SCOPE OF THE PROJECT
• SIGNIFICANCE OF THE PROJECT
• LIMITATION/ PROBLEM OF THE PROJECT
• APPLICATIONS OF THE PROJECT
• PROJECT ORGANISATION

CHAPTER TWO

2.0      LITERATURE REVIEW
2.1      OVERVIEW  OF THE ELECTRICAL SWITCH

2.2      USES OF WIRELESS TECHNOLOGIES

2.3      FUTURE OF WIRELESS TECHNOLOGIES

CHAPTER THREE

3.0       DESIGN METHODOLOGY

3.1      SYSTEM BLOCK DIAGRAM

3.2     SYSTEM OPERATION

3.3     SYSTEM WORKING PRINCIPLE

3.4    SYSTEM CIRCUIT DIAGRAM

3.5    ELECTRONIC COMPONENTS

CHAPTER FOUR

4.0RESULT ANALYSIS

4.1      CONSTRUCTION PROCEDURE AND TESTING ANALYSIS

4.2     CASING AND PACKAGING

4.3      ASSEMBLING OF SECTIONS

4.4     TESTING OF SYSTEM OPERATION

CHAPTER FIVE

5.1      CONCLUSIONS

5.2      REFERENCES

3.3     RECOMMENDATION

CHAPTER ONE

1.0                                                        INTRODUCTION

A wireless light switch is a light switch that commands a light or home appliance to turn itself off or on, instead of interrupting the power line going to the light fixture. This can be done Using the existing power lines; A receiver is plugged into an outlet and a device is then plugged into the receiver. The plug-in receiver is then programmed to the switches. Some devices are hard wired into ceiling light fittings, making for a hidden system.

However, this work is wireless light switch which is the modification of wired light switch. Wireless light switch systems that do not require wall wiring have become popular. The wireless light switch contains a built-in ir transmitter powered by a battery. When the button is pushed, the transmitter sends a ir signal to the receiver unit, which is plugged into a wall outlet inside the building. When the infrared (IR) signal is detected by the receiver, it activates a relay or load.

1.1                                         BACKGROUND OF THE PROJECT

Today the traditional wired type of switches are gradually getting obsolete and are being replaced by the advanced wireless type of switches that are easier to install due to their hassle free set-ups.

Wireless switch systems have become an increasingly popular option for persons wishing either to replace their current switch system or to add additional doorbells at their place of business or residence. A typical wireless switch system generally comprises at least one IR transmitter powered by a battery or other power source, such as existing electrical wiring, and a IR receiver. In response to the depression of a button or other activating means on the transmitter, an electrical circuit is completed within the transmitter which energizes an oscillator or other means for generating a IR signal. The generated IR signal is then, with the aid of IR sensor, transmitted a certain distance for reception by the receiver. The receiver alerts, for example, a homeowner that the switch button has been depressed by producing long distance signal.

1.2                                             OBJECTIVE OF THE PROJECT

The main objectives are – to control the switch using remote as an on/off switch. To determine that the infrared sensor can easily receive the signal from the remote transmitter and to control a lamp wirelessly.

1.3                                                 SCOPE OF THE PROJECT

Wireless switch systems which employ infrared (“RF”) transmitters and receivers. Both the transmitter and receiver is powered batteries or other power source, such as existing electrical wiring.

These circuits are mainly depending on two ICs. First one is 555 timer ic which is the pulse generating ic. Another one is most generally used JK flip flop i.e. 74109. These IC works in toggle mode and based on the JK flip flop master slave concept. This IC is used to alter the state when the signal is given to the any one of the input terminals and can get more  than single output.

1.4                                         SIGNIFICANCE OF THE PROJECT

A wireless switch does not have wires that hassle the installation. Installation is now simple. Installing the wireless switch is as easy as removing the installed wired switch and putting on batteries on the wireless switch and placing it to its location. Also, the wireless switch is portable; it can be moved wherever the homeowners like it to be placed. This would be very helpful for future remodeling or refurnishing of the house. Wireless switch is more versatile over Wired switch.

1.5                                LIMITATION/ PROBLEM OF THE PROJECT

• The problem of this device is notice when there is power failure in the system or when battery gets low thee system stops working.
• Another problem of this device is that it can be easily operated by people that has knowledge of it.

1.6                                          APPLICATION OF THE PROJECT

The main purpose of using this device in any place is for distance switching. This device can be used in the following places:

Complicated wiring

Multiple wireless transmitters can command a single receiver. This means switches in different locations can turn the same electrical load on or off. Switching like this is often used in stairwells or rooms where two or more switches are used to turn one light on or off. Achieving this result with wired three-way or four-way switches requires a higher level of electrical knowledge and more time for wiring and installation.

Remodeling

Wireless light switches eliminate the wire from the light to the switch location. This is useful in remodeling situations where new wiring can be a hassle. Rather than tearing down a wall to gain access to the wires, a wireless switch can be used. This avoids any need to access wires and makes remodeling fast and simple.

Log homes

Another use for wireless switches is in log homes, where electrical installations can be difficult because of the amount of routing and drilling that would otherwise be needed. When running a regular (non-wireless) circuit, the electrician must drill a hole through all of the logs to get each wire to the switch location. The electrician also must cut a large hole in the log to install a switch box. Wireless switches do not need switch boxes because there are no wires and no routing is needed. This decreases the electrical work required.

Brick, concrete, tile and plaster walls

Installing a wired switch in a solid brick or concrete wall or installing on a plaster or tiled wall requires delicate routing and drilling to create a channel in the wall for the wire and space for the switch and switch box inside the wall. This routing and drilling work could damage the surface, causing expensive repair work. Wireless switches do not need any channels, holes, boxes or wire in the wall. This reduces the amount of electrical work required when installing a switch.

Battery-free switches

All remote light switches require a power source in order to facilitate the transmission of a signal to the receiving device. Some of these switches rely on batteries for power output while most are required to be wired into an existing electrical system. Lightning Switch, EnOcean, CHERRY and others manufacture wireless light switches that use energy harvesting instead of batteries ISM ENIGMA. The mechanical energy created by pressing the switch generates enough electricity to power a built-in transmitter that sends a radio signal to the receiver.

Smart switches

There are more and more light switches can be controlled by smartphone. Usually user can control the light using mobile app. But for some products, extra corresponding hub is needed to connect those smart switches. In order to avoid the hub, wireless light switch and luminaire needs to share the same protocol, e.g. Bluetooth mesh Lighting model or Zigbee LightLink.

1.7                                        PROJECT WORK ORGANISATION

The various stages involved in the development of this project have been properly put into five chapters to enhance comprehensive and concise reading. In this project thesis, the project is organized sequentially as follows:

Chapter one of this work is on the introduction to the study. In this chapter, the background, significance, application, objective limitation and problem of the study were discussed.

Chapter two is on literature review of this study. In this chapter, all the literature pertaining to this work was reviewed.

Chapter three is on design methodology. In this chapter all the method involved during the design and construction were discussed.

Chapter four is on testing analysis. All testing that result accurate functionality was analyzed.

Chapter five is on conclusion, recommendation and references.