Design And Construction Of An Intelligent Vehicle Over Speed Detection And Reporting System Using Arduino And GSM

INTRODUCTION
1.1 BACKGROUND OF THE PROJECT
While driving on highways, motorists should not exceed the maximum speed limit permitted for their vehicle. However, accidents keep occurring due to speed violations since the drivers tend to ignore their speedometers.
Rash driving is the cause of many road accidents all over the world. The traffic population has increased considerably in Nigeria as there is no means to control or monitor the speed of vehicles running on roads. This system proves highly effective in detection of overspeed driving. It is not at all necessary that such accidents are results of driving under the influence of alcohol as even a person who hasn’t consumed alcohol can drive in a reckless manner [3]-[5]. To overcome this problem and decrease death rate due to accidents, introduction of new and innovative speed enforcement technology is necessary

Nowadays, rash driving causes a serious danger to the driver as well as general public. Despite the fact that rash driving is a serious problem, its current methods of detection by patrol officers lack sufficiency [6], [7].
In accordance with Association for Safe International Road Travel Report, around 1.24 million people die and 50 million people are getting wounded on the roads each year in the World. Statistically, they are assumed as the second important reasons for death. In order to overcome these problems, automobile industries and vehicle manufacturers have proposed various speed limiting techniques in order to keep up a vehicle and passenger safe. In this direction, the effort is going on devising the technology for vehicles that may aid the concerned authorities to have check over these issues [1].
With the rapid development of economy, there has been an increase of the number of accidents on road; over speeding poses a significant threat to public safety i.e both to driver and the public nearby the driven vehicle. In accordance with the above discussion, a system based on IR speed detector employing an arduino and GSM has been proposed.

1.2 PROBLEM STATEMENT
In past, lot of devices to detect rash driving on highways has been made. Most of the approaches require human concentration and involve a lot of effort, which is difficult to implement. In this paper we intend to design a system aimed at early detection and alert of dangerous vehicle driving patterns related to rash driving. The speed limit is set by the police who use the system depending upon the traffic at the very location. The time taken by the vehicle to travel from one set point to the other is calculated by control circuit and displays that on seven segment displays. Moreover, if the vehicle crosses the speed limit, a buzzer sounds alerting the police.

1.3 OBJECTIVE OF THE PROJECT
The objective of this work is to provide a digital display in accordance with a vehicle’s speed but also alert the police if the vehicle exceeds the permissible speed for the highway.

1.4 SIGNIFICANCE OF THE PROJECT
And in most of the cases main reason of accident is overspeed. Although all highways do have signboards indicating maximum speed limit for the sake of driver’s safety, but still people does not obey highway speed limit. This speed checker will come handy for the highway traffic police as it will not only provide a digital display in accordance with a vehicle’s speed but also sound an alarm if the vehicle exceeds the permissible speed for the highway.

1.5 SCOPE OF THE PROJECT
We have used two sensors in this project. These sensors detect the vehicle speed. Condition is that, the two sensors should be installed at a distance of 100 meters apart from one another. Liquid Crystal Display (LCD display) is connected to this project. This display will show the vehicle speed. It will also intimate user if vehicle speed crossed the maximum speed limit or not. The project also has a Buzzer. Overspeed condition is indicated by turning on the buzzer and the alert to the authority concern is done via SMS.

1.6 APPLICATION OF THE PROJECT
1. This can be used at Highways (National Highways, State level Highways).
2. This project can also be used inside university campus areas or inside any company’s premises.

1.7 LIMITATION OF THE PROJECT
i. This project is valid for sequential flow of vehicles.
ii. It is only programmed for one vehicle.

1.8 FUTURE DEVELOPMENT
1. A CCTV Camera can be placed on the highway. If any vehicle has crossed the maximum speed limit then this camera will be triggered to take a picture of the vehicle.
2. We can add voice announcement system. It will intimate the driver that he/she has crossed the over speed condition.

1.9 PROJECT WORK ORGANISATION
The various stages involved in the development of this project have been properly put into five chapters to enhance comprehensive and concise reading. In this project thesis, the project is organized sequentially as follows:
Chapter one of this work is on the introduction to this speed checker. In this chapter, the background, significance, objective limitation and problem of this speed checker were discussed.
Chapter two is on literature review of this speed checker. In this chapter, all the literature pertaining to this work was reviewed.
Chapter three is on design methodology. In this chapter all the method involved during the design and construction were discussed.
Chapter four is on testing analysis. All testing that result accurate functionality was analyzed.
Chapter five is on conclusion, recommendation and references.