Design And Installation Of Satellite Television System

ABSTRACT

A satellite dish is a kind of antenna designed to focus on specific broadcast source. The standard dish consists of a parabolic (bowl shaped) surface and a central feed horn known as the low Noise Block (LNB). To transmit a signal, a controller sends the signal through the LNB and the dish focuses the signal into a relatively narrow beam. The installation process consists of four main blocks (The signal source, the transmission, The signal receiver and the output). A 60cm (0.6m) ‘Strong’ satellite dish was used in focusing the signal which is transmitted through the LBN and co-axial cable to the receiver. The satellite tracked is the Eutesat 16A with Orbital position of 60 degree East. The signal was tracked using a transponder frequency of 12.522 GHz and a symbol rate of 30000 ms/s with horizontal (H) polarization. The expected signal Eutesat 16A was successfully tracked and the output showed through the television set.

TABLE OF CONTENTS

COVER PAGE

TITLE PAGE

APPROVAL PAGE

DEDICATION

ACKNOWELDGEMENT

ABSTRACT

CHAPTER ONE

INTRODUCTION

1.1     BACKGROUND OF THE PROJECT

• PROBLEM STATEMENT
• AIM/OBJECTIVE OF THE STUDY
• SIGNIFICANCE OF THE STUDY
• SCOPE OF THE PROJECT
• RESEARCH QUESTION

CHAPTER TWO

LITERATURE REVIEW

• OVERVIEW OF SATELLITE TELEVISION
• REVIEW OF SATELLITES TECHNOLOGY
• HISTORICAL BACKGROUND OF SATELLITE BROADCAST
• WORKING PRINCIPLE OF SATELLITE BROADCAST
• REVIEW OF THE RELATED WORKS
• REVIEW OF BROADCAST SATELLITE TV PROVIDERS IN NIGERIA

CHAPTER THREE

METHODOLOGY

• INTRODUCTION
• REQUIRED TOOLS
• REQUIRED PARTS
• INSTALLATION PROCEDURE
• POINTING A SATELLITE DISH AND USE A SPECTRUM ANALYSER
• DETERMING THE FREQUENCY FOR SATELLITE

CHAPTER FOUR

• COMPONENTS OF SATELLITE TELEVISION
• CALCULATION OF THE FOCAL LENGTHOF AN OFFSET SATELLITE DISH ANTENNA

CHAPTER FIVE

• SUMMARY
• CONCLUSION

REFERENCES

CHAPTER ONE

1.0                                           INTRODUCTION

1.1                                 BACKGROUND OF THE STUDY

Entertainment and food are two things on which no one wishes to compromise. In today’s mechanical world, entertainment plays a vital role to sustain human being in this world. Before the introduction of electronic device, the major sources of entertainment for previous generations were watching street dances, drama and movie, going to theatre and hearing music. Cultural fusion and variety define the entertainment industry. The Indian entertainment industry has been experiencing steady growth over the years. The high profile economic growth and increasing income levels in the recent years have made the Indian entertainment industry one of the fastest growing sectors of the economy. The biggest and most constant source of entertainment is the television. It brings several emotions, teaches a subscriber moral lessons, shows facts, fictions, drama and reality and connects subscriber with the world, all with the touch of a remote. The developments in the television sector are cable Television (TV) and Direct Broadcasting Satellite (DBS) Television. Direct to home connects urban, rural and remote areas of the country and provides desire information communication, education and entertainment at the click of a button. Direct to Home Satellite (DHS) technology refers to the satellite television broadcasting process which is actually intended for home reception. This technology is originally referred to as Direct Broadcast Satellite (DBS) technology.

The technology was developed for competing with the local Cable Television (TV) distribution services by providing higher quality satellite signals with more number of channels. In short, DHS refers to the reception of satellite signals on a TV with a personal dish in an individual home. The satellites that are used for this purpose is geostationary satellites. The satellites compress the signals digitally, encrypt them and then are beamed from high powered geostationary satellites. They are received by dishes that are given to the DBS subscribers by DBS providers. Though DHS and DBS present the same services to the subscribers, there are some differences in the technical specifications. While DHS is used for transmitting signals from satellites at a particular frequency band (the band differs in each country), DBS is used for transmitting signals over a wide range of frequencies (normal frequencies including the KU and KA band). The satellites used for the transmission of the DBS signals are not part of any international planned frequency band. DHS has changed its plans over the past few years so as to include new countries and also modify their mode of transmission from analog to digital. But DBS is more famous for its services in both the analog and digital services which includes both audio and video signals. The dishes used for this service is also very small in size. When it comes to commercial use, DBS is known for its service providing a group of free channels that are allowed for its targeted country.

1.2                        STATEMENT OF THE PROBLEM

The need to provide television system with better receptivity, clearer images, clarity in sound and larger number of channels and services. India has seen promising entertainment and value for money with seven service providers. This study was written to bring solution to difficulty found in installing satellite television by individual thereby by eliminating installation fees.

1.3                        AIM AND OBJECTIVE OF THE STUDY

The main aim of this project is to design and install a satellite television system with digital broadcasting for easy access to information and event across the globe as well as for entertainment.

At the end of this study students involved will be able:

1. To understand the procedures involve in installing satellite television.
2. To outline Proper solution to the problem seen during installing.

• To study factors that affect signal of satellite television.

1.4                        SIGNIFICANCE OF THE STUDY

Satellite television system is of great significance as far as life is concerned. The following are some few significance out of many.

It grants viewers access to vital information and event as live and direct as possible without necessarily travelling or changing location. E.g BBC, CNN, NTA, AIT, Ghana TV, Channels etc. It helps the user to make Judicious use of his or her leisure time in entertainment e.g Trace TV, Silverbird, Nollywood channels e.t.c.

This study will help a lot of persons install their satellite dishes without a bug of any kind. Following this guide step by step in this work will help you install and set up your satellite Tv dishes without the usual missing channels, poor signal, and related issues that happen as a result of low technical know-how for installing satellite dishes.

1.5                                  SCOPE OF THE STUDY

The scope of this work is on the installation of a satellite television. In this work we come up with a complete guide for installing or setting up a satellite dish and decoder. In this work, different factors that affect satellite shall be discussed.

1.6                                    RESEARCH QUESTION

1. What is a satellite television?
2. What are procedures involve in digital satellite television installation?

• What causes weak signal in a digital satellite television?

1. What are the measures of solving weak satellite signal in satellite television?
2. Does Humidity Affect Radio Waves?
3. Does Temperature Affect Radio Waves?