Construction Of CD Speaker Double Magnet Of Six And Half Inches Diameter 150 Watts 18 Impedance
A CD speaker with a double magnet boasting a six-and-a-half-inch diameter and a power handling capacity of 150 watts at 18 ohms impedance is a high-performance audio component designed to deliver immersive sound experiences. Its dual-magnet configuration enhances the speaker’s magnetic field strength, contributing to precise and responsive audio reproduction. With a diameter of six and a half inches, this speaker strikes a balance between compactness and robust sound output, making it suitable for various audio applications, from home entertainment systems to professional audio setups. The 18-ohm impedance ensures compatibility with a range of audio systems, allowing for versatile integration into diverse audio setups, whether for dynamic home listening or professional audio applications.
The project work on construction of loud speaker involves some critical research and study concerned electromagnetic induction effect in transducers like loud speaker and its associated parameter required to chose a very good one this parameters are the power rating of loud speaker and the coil. The sizes were also put into consideration. During the packaging of the loud speaker box a signal conditioning R.C network was build and coupled into the system which take care of the treble and bass boss for the entire speaker signal output
Certificate
Title Page
Approval Page
Dedication
Acknowledgement
Abstract
Table Of Contents
Chapter One
1.0 Introduction
1.1 Electromagnetic Principle
Chapter Two
2.0 Literature Review
2.1 Piezoelectric Principle
2.2 Electrostatic Principles
Chapter Three
3.0 System Design
3.1 Loud -Speaker As Electro-Acoustic Machines
3.2 Electric Circuit Equation
3.3 Energy Conversion
3.4 Working Principles Of A Loudspeaker
3.5 Filter Circuit Coupled Into Loudspeaker
Chapter Four
4.0 Implementation Testing And Result Implementation
4.1 Testing And Result
Chapter Five
5.0 Cost Analysis
5.1 Problems Encounter
5.2 Recommendation
5.3 Conclusion
References
1.1 INTRODUCTION
The microphone and disc pickup generate programme signals and the loudspeaker changes them back to sound so that they can be heard most programme materials starts as sound waves so the first link in the broadcasting chain is generally the microphone. This changes the sound waves to weak electrical signal which are the programme signals. After suitable amplification and processing the signals are fed either to the transmitter for direct broadcasting or to a magnetic tape recorder for storing and subsequent broadcasting or for disc record making the programme information stored in the groove spiral of a disc records in the form of wriggles is changed back to programme signal whenever required by the disc pickup which consists of a pickup cartridge and arm combination.
The cartridge which is equipped with a stylus for tracing the groove spiral is flitted to the end of the arm (usually in a headshell) while the other end of the arm is commonly pivoted such a way as to allows the cartridge to traverse the record with the very minimum of friction.
The microphone disc pickup and loudspeaker are called transducer because they change sound to signal or signal to sound. Several principles can be used for the transuding effect the three most common ones being electromagnetic piezoelectric and electrostatic.
ELECTROMAGNETIC PRINCIPLES
The vast majority of modern disc pickup utilize the electromagnetic principles whereby vibration imparted to the stylus as a result of its tracing the groove wall modulation (wriggle) result in magnetic flux changes relative to a coil of wire.
A signal E.M.F is thus induces into the winding and a signal voltage corresponding to the original signal information is developed across it. This of course is the dynamo effect which was discussed in chapter 1
The groove of a disc record of a v-shaped cut and for stereo one wall is modulated with the left signal and the other with the right signal. Thus a stereo pickup has two generating systems one yielding the left signal and the other the right signal the design being such that minimal interactions and hence cross talk occur between the two channels.
Reader requiring more information on this technique called the 45/45 technique of stereo recording may find the authors the audio handbook of interest also published by Newnes Butter worth’s.
Many microphone also adopt the electromagnetic principle. In this case a law-mass diaphragm is coupled to the electromagnetic system and as the diaphragm vibrates in the presence of sound waves so a corresponding signal voltage is developed across the winding. Some stereo microphone employ two such generator in a common housing so that axis of one is at right angle to that of the other.
The electromagnetic principle of microphones is exemplified by the moving coil arrangement where a coil of wire free to more in a strong magnetic field is secured to the center of the diaphragm. As the diaphragm vibrates so the turn of the coil cut the magnetic lines of force and a signal voltage corresponding to the information carried by the sound waves is developed across the winding.
Many loudspeaker use the moving coil principle but in the reciprocal sense that is signal current (after the programme signal has been significantly boosted by power amplification) is caused to flow through the coil. The resulting magnetic field which is changing in accordance with the programme signal reacts against the fixed magnetic in which the coil is suspended. The coil thus vibrates within the fixed field and carrier the diaphragm or cone with it hereby producing sound waves
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Construction Of CD Speaker Double Magnet Of Six And Half Inches Diameter 150 Watts 18 Impedance:
Constructing a CD (cone driver) speaker with specific specifications like a 6.5-inch diameter, 150 watts power handling, and 8-ohm impedance involves several steps and components. Here’s a general outline of how you could approach building such a speaker:
Materials and Components:
- Speaker Cone: Start with a 6.5-inch speaker cone. You can purchase this from a speaker component supplier.
- Voice Coil: You’ll need a voice coil that can handle at least 150 watts of power. The voice coil is the coil of wire that moves the speaker cone when it’s energized by an electrical signal.
- Magnet Structure: You mentioned a double magnet design. Typically, speakers have a permanent magnet and a magnetized metal pole piece. Ensure that the magnets are strong enough to provide good efficiency. You might need to consult a speaker design expert to get the right magnet specifications for your power handling requirements.
- Basket or Frame: The basket holds all the components together and provides structural support. Make sure it’s compatible with your cone and magnet structure.
- Surround and Spider: The surround and spider help center the cone and allow it to move back and forth. These are typically made of flexible materials like rubber or foam.
- Crossover Network (optional): Depending on your design goals, you may want to include a crossover network to split the audio signal into different frequency ranges for tweeters and woofers. This can improve overall audio quality.
- Terminals and Wiring: You’ll need terminals for connecting wires to the speaker. Ensure that they can handle the power and impedance requirements.
Construction Steps:
- Assemble the Magnet Structure: Attach the magnets and pole piece to the back of the cone driver’s frame. Make sure they are securely fastened.
- Mount the Voice Coil: Insert the voice coil into the magnetic gap in the magnet structure. It should move freely but without too much play.
- Attach the Cone: Connect the speaker cone to the voice coil. This connection needs to be secure and well-centered to prevent distortion.
- Install the Surround and Spider: Attach the surround and spider to the speaker frame and cone, respectively. These components help control the movement of the cone.
- Mount the Basket or Frame: Secure the speaker components onto the basket or frame. Ensure that everything is aligned properly.
- Wiring: Connect the terminals to the voice coil wires and ensure a good electrical connection. Follow the manufacturer’s recommendations for wiring.
- Test and Tune: Before final assembly, test the speaker to ensure it functions correctly. Use appropriate testing equipment and follow safety precautions.
- Enclosure (optional): Depending on your design, you may want to build or purchase an enclosure for the speaker. The enclosure can significantly impact the speaker’s performance.
- Crossover (optional): If you’re using a crossover network, connect it to the speaker terminals and other audio components.
- Final Assembly: Secure all components in the chosen enclosure (if applicable) and ensure everything is properly aligned and sealed.
- Testing and Quality Control: Test the speaker again to ensure it meets the specified power handling and impedance requirements. Make any necessary adjustments.
Building a speaker can be a complex task, especially if you want to achieve high-quality audio performance. Consider consulting with experts or referring to speaker design resources to optimize your design and construction process. Also, be mindful of safety precautions when working with electrical components and power tools.