Effects Of Non Use Of Instructional Materials On The Students Academic Achievement In Secondary Schools
(A Case Study Of Secondary Schools In Enugu Urban)
The absence or inadequate utilization of instructional materials in secondary schools can significantly impede students’ academic achievement. Insufficient access to visual aids, practical tools, and interactive resources hampers the learning process, hindering students from grasping complex concepts effectively. When educators fail to incorporate diverse instructional materials, such as visual aids, technological tools, and hands-on activities, students may struggle to comprehend subjects that require practical application. This deficiency in experiential learning can result in a superficial understanding of academic content, limiting students’ ability to apply theoretical knowledge to real-world scenarios. Consequently, the impact of the non-use of instructional materials reverberates in lower academic achievements among secondary school students. It is imperative for educators to recognize the pivotal role instructional materials play in enhancing the learning experience, fostering a comprehensive understanding, and ultimately bolstering students’ academic success.
The NON-NON-NON USE OFINSTRUCTIONAL MATERIALS and the effects on students achievement cannot be ignore in our educational programs. It is the major instrument used in impacting knowledge in our students.
INSTRUCTIONAL MATERIALS deals with the non-non use ofeducational aids in teaching and learning to make learning more meaningful for children, to enhance teaching and learning and improve the competence of teachers.
It is necessary for us to know how teaching aids are used and the effects on student’s Achievement.
This will involve oral interview which will be used to ascertain the extent with which teaching aids are used in teaching different subject in Government Technical College Nsukka. The principal, staff and students are the respondents.
In the course of the study, it was found out that teachers rarely come to class with teaching aids. This is as a result of dearth of the aids in the school and government is not making effort to supply them neither the school is making effort to improvise. For the few topics in different subjects where these aids are used, the student performs tremendously. The gap of fast and slow learners is reduced. The interest of the students is aroused and talent discovered. The stated objectives of the teacher are achieved while students perform tremendously in teacher made text.
Title page
Approval page
Dedication
Acknowledgment
Abstract
CHAPTER ONE
Introduction
Back ground of the study
Statement of the problem
Purpose of the study
Significant of the study
Research questions
Delimitation of the study
CHAPTER TWO
Introduction
Literature review
Instructional materials
Summary
CHAPTER THREE
Research method
Research design
Area of the study
Population
Instrument for data collection
Method of data collection
Validation of the instrument
Reliability of the instrument
Method of data analysis
CHAPTER FOUR
Presentation and analysis of data
Research questions
Hypothesis
Findings (Discussion of findings)
CHAPTER FIVE
Re-statement of the problem
Summary of procedures used in the findings
Major finding of the study
Conclusion
Implication of the finding
Recommendations/Suggestions
Research questions
References
INTRODUCTION
Background of the Study
Education is as old as man. It starts when one is born. He starts learning how to suck breast milk. The mother guides him on how to drink water, eat food and do certain things.
Education is so important to human live because it is the master key for national growth and economic development. According to Nnadozie (1995)’’ it begins from the cradle, and to the human eye, it would end at the end of human live on earth. And it is the process of exposing man to varied experience, which makes him learn. Learning when it takes is depicted in the learner’s change of behaviour. The men who experiences and internalize or understands what he has experienced is said to have learned, and the man who has learned has acquired some sort of education Thus, Education is a continuous process. Man experience new knowledge beginning from birth until the end of his life. It can, therefore, be easily seen that when in the home amidst parents, sibling, and other relation or neighbours, one is being educated in the context and demands of the environment, Outside the home, and for a very long period in life, the individual is continually engage in acquiring all sorts of experience whose effect always leaves the individual wiser.
Also according to peter R. S (1972) “Education is the transmission of what is worth to individual to make him knowledgeable and contributing member of the society. It is all round development of person physically, intellectually, morally and spiritually.
Despite the attainment of educationally height in Nigeria, Secondary education is still relegated to the ground by both government and individuals.
According to the National policy on Education(2004) “Secondary education is that aspect of Educational process, involving, in addition to general education, the study of technologies and related sciences and the acquisition of practical skills, attitudes, understanding and knowledge relating to occupation in various sectors of economic and social life. from the above definition of Secondary education one understands that teaching students involves the non-non use ofinstructional materials to facilitate learning because it involves mainly practical works.
The economic down turn and the neglect of secondary education by Nigeria governments and the view people have about secondary education has made it impossible to equip Technical Schools to a standard to enable them produce qualified candidates that will fit into our industries. Government and individuals regard Secondary education as education for the poor, wretched and the handicapped who cannot do academic work. This project takes an in depth look into one of the major causes of low standard of education in Secondary schools in enugu urbanwhere the non-non use ofinstructional. Resources and Effects on students Achievements is being applied.
Statement of the Problem
A view shared by teachers in this topic is that instructional materials are the key instrument in teaching and learning.
In view of this, attempts are being made to unveil the benefits of INSTRUCTIONAL MATERIALS and how they are used in Government Technical College Nsukka. Whether, instructional materials enhance learning is no more arguable because a number of researches have authenticated it. The bone of contention now is what should be done to achieve hundred percent usages of the materials and to give greater effect on student achievement such that graduates of Government Technical Colleges would be able to practicalize what they were taught theoretically without resorting to services of foreign experts.
Purpose of the Study
The main purpose of this study is to-
a) Find out how often teachers use teaching aids in the class at Government Technical College Nsukka.
b) Find out how students enjoy drawing two or three-dimensional objects.
c) Find out whether educational media are used in teaching them
d) Find out whether teaching aids help the teachers to achieve more objectives in less time.
e) Find if students perform better in evaluation when taught with teaching aids.
Significance of the Study
This research is expected to be of great benefit to the following people: the teachers, parents, research students and the community in general.
The findings, suggestions and appraisal will help in no small measure in enhancing learning. It will provide basis for teaching not only to the students and teachers but also to school supervisors and government.
Once the teacher masters the application operation of these instructional materials, the students will be highly motivated and the knowledge imparted shall be quickly retained.
Educational technology provides visual presentation of ideas, concepts and information that are seemingly abstract in nature. It also adds Colour to the lesson. It shall inculcate in the students some socially accepted behaviour and the teachers will identify talented students whose talents have been wasting.
Instructional materials have a holistic view on education in cognitive affective and psychomotor development.
Like all research works, this study will be useful to all research students preparing for further studies on the topic.
Research Question
1) How often does your teacher bring teaching aids to the class?
2) Do you enjoy using objects in teaching?
3) Dose teaching materials help the teachers to achieve more objective in less time?
4) Do students taught with teaching materials perform better in teacher assessment?
Delimitation of the Study
The study is limited to finding out effectiveness of the materials used in teaching students in Government Technical College Nsukka. It also aimed at finding out the best approach for maximum utilization of educational teaching aids in Government Technical College Nsukka.
SHARE PROJECT MATERIALS ON:
The use of instructional materials in education is crucial for enhancing students’ academic achievement. When instructional materials are not used effectively or are not used at all in secondary schools, it can have several negative effects on students’ academic performance. Here are some of the potential effects of non-use of instructional materials on students’ academic achievement:
- Reduced Understanding: Instructional materials such as textbooks, visual aids, and hands-on resources help to clarify complex concepts and make learning more engaging. Without these materials, students may struggle to grasp difficult topics, leading to reduced comprehension and understanding of the subject matter.
- Limited Engagement: Instructional materials can make lessons more interactive and engaging for students. When such materials are not used, lessons may become monotonous and less interesting, leading to decreased student motivation and participation.
- Lower Retention Rates: Well-designed instructional materials can aid in memory retention. Visual aids, for instance, can help students remember information more effectively. In the absence of these materials, students may struggle to retain what they’ve learned, which can result in lower academic achievement.
- Lack of Real-World Application: Instructional materials often provide real-world examples and practical applications of concepts, making learning more relevant. Without these materials, students may fail to see the practicality of what they’re learning, leading to disinterest and a lack of motivation to excel academically.
- Reduced Multisensory Learning: People have different learning styles, and instructional materials cater to these differences by offering multisensory experiences. Some students may be visual learners, while others may be kinesthetic or auditory learners. Without a variety of instructional materials, some students may not receive the necessary stimuli to maximize their learning potential.
- Impaired Critical Thinking: Instructional materials can stimulate critical thinking and problem-solving skills by presenting information in different formats. When students are not exposed to a variety of materials, their ability to think critically and analytically may be hindered.
- Ineffective Remediation: When students struggle with certain concepts, instructional materials can be used to provide additional support and remediation. Without these resources, it may be more challenging for teachers to help struggling students catch up, potentially leading to lower academic achievement.
- Unequal Learning Opportunities: In cases where schools lack access to instructional materials, students in different schools or regions may have varying levels of exposure to essential resources. This can result in educational inequalities and disparities in academic achievement.
- Reduced Teacher Effectiveness: Teachers often rely on instructional materials to plan and deliver effective lessons. When these materials are lacking, teachers may find it more challenging to deliver high-quality instruction, which can impact student achievement.
- Decreased Assessment Performance: Without appropriate instructional materials, students may perform poorly on assessments, as they may not have had the necessary resources to prepare adequately. This can further lower overall academic achievement.
In conclusion, the use of instructional materials plays a significant role in enhancing students’ academic achievement in secondary schools. When these materials are not utilized effectively or are lacking altogether, students may face various obstacles that can impede their learning and academic success. Schools and educators should prioritize the availability and effective use of instructional materials to support students in achieving their full potential.