Influence Of New Media In Achieving Communication Efficiency In Broadcasting

The study examined the influence of new media in achieving communication efficiency in broadcasting. The study was specifically carried out to determine the extent the new media is adopted in the broadcasting industry of Nigeria, ascertain whether the use of the new media have improved the news gathering of the broadcasting industry in Nigeria, ascertain whether the adoption of the new media have contributed to the level of news verification(s) in the Nigeria broadcasting industry, ascertain whether the use of the new media have enhanced news dissemination of the broadcasting industry in Nigeria, and find out whether the new media have contributed positively to effectiveness of communication between the broadcasting industry of Nigeria and the masses. The survey research design was adopted in the study in order to assess the opinions of the selected respondents with the use of questionnaire. The population size comprised of broadcasting staff of BBC news in Abuja, FCT of Nigeria. In determining the sample size, the researcher conveniently selected 57 respondents and 50 were validated. Self-constructed and validated questionnaire was used for data collection. The collected and validated questionnaires were analyzed using frequency tables, while the hypotheses were tested using chi-square statistical tool. The findings of the study showed that the use of the new media has improved the news gathering of the broadcasting industry in Nigeria. The study further showed that the new media has contributed positively to effectiveness of communication between the broadcasting industry of Nigeria and the masses. The following recommendations were made that to ensure effective and maximum utilisation of new media technologies, efforts should be made by the relevant stakeholders to ensure that broadcasters are trained properly on how to use digital broadcasting equipment. And for the communication scholars, there is the need to understand that the new media technologies are not totally new, and that they have not come to cannibalise the older media, rather, they complement their usage. To mention but a few.

Introduction

1.1 Background of the Study

The key to success in the global technology is to celebrate technology the global technology is to celebrate technology rather than hide it away and to really start developing it where nothing has been done (Masayuki Kukokowa, 2012). This new or modern information technology I networked or webbed information. This metamorphic transformation points increasingly to practical terms, a global information technology. It is best described as a new millennium. It is compact, sophisticated, revolutionary, goal-oriented and to sum up, a complex but cherishable culture of the new society. BILL GATE as a giant in the present information technology ushered in the webbed information global phenomena. The west as well as the North have shown tremendously a growing wave and crave for information revolution. Nigeria has remained in an abysmal trance and has steadily watched the rest of the world being ahead of her in the present dispensation. Improvement takes two things, creativity and experience. What this study emphasize is the place of modern technologies in achieving communication efficiency and argument for our critique is not whether Nigeria has shown any interest in modern technologies but the extent to which these modern technologies have helped in achieving communication efficiency in the new millennium. When a retrospect is made, I easily recall that communication got its name from the Latin name "Communis" meaning show commonness. This further implies an exchange of ideas, values, thinking and orientations among people from different geographical, political, economic, social, cultural, religious and then lingual expressions.

The history of communications and information technology dates back to Shakespearean "ACTADIURA" and plausible information invention. Successively and very glaring, society is dynamic and so is the communication word. The parries primitive Egyptian technologist become the "IN THING" crude as it was, it served the same purpose any other model can serve today. Gutenberg came and endowed the world with letter and printing presses. It was an era of a blood based catalytic information outreached and development. As society continued to grow, move and move horizons were exposed and humanity (technologists) availed themselves of the opportunity and then as far back as 1859, a Reverend gentleman by name Henry Townsend after looking for a better way to reach the illiterate interior Nigeria societies established the first Newspaper, "IWE-IROHIN". A paper for the Egbe and Yorubas. The transformation continued through the electronic media channels; Television, Radio and others. Thus, the present millennium where the internet operations, digital phones, keeping compact systems, cellular mobile systems, computerized data-base information inventions, e-mails, Fax-technologies which take the domain of the global information is to only exciting but interesting. T.W. Kang-a Tokoyo based business consultant noted that "The real purpose of the new information technology is to increase efficiency and competitiveness.

However, Ehikhamenor (1993) described this information revolution as fundamental changes in the production and use of information, occurring in the late 20th century which demands caution, especially in the face of the Internet, as it lacks the activities of the gatekeepers who can decide what information to disseminate and what not to make available for the public. Meanwhile, the new media, which the Internet is one of them, has gone a long way in bringing information to one"s doorstep. It is a known fact that journalists in Nigerian who want to report adequate information about the widest topical issues will benefit from the service of the Internet as source of gathering information and making it possible for journalists to exchange information. The Internet can also help the Nigerian journalists to peak into the daily affairs of the public without physical presence of journalists which reduces traveling and hotel accommodation cost and stress. Therefore, the impact of the Internet on journalists cannot be over emphasized for it is an essential source where journalists can access information at all times (Uche, 2005).

Not only that the entire national technological culture is in a sorry state, communication is suffering an even deadlier scourge. There is no opportunity for creativity, skill and experience, research and other things capable of engendering positivism in the information environment are lacking. Strange is the problem in Nigerian that this study faces one singular problem of finding out the rate of communication efficiency in the face of the modern information technology. The information technology being referred to have will not only serve to educate, socialize, entertain and crystallize ideas but the type that will bring us nearer to the rest of the world in the minute lapse of time within unimaginable distance, hence the study tends to research on the influence of new media in achieving communication efficiency in broadcasting.

1.2 Statement of the Problem

Through the changing global information, culture has created an avenue for the improvement of technology, the question however is, can the broadcast media handle any of the technologies in such a way as to bring out the required result. Although there are no adequate provision of sophisticated technologies present in Nigeria to enhance the broadcast media, but there is still a problem of not having enough skilled technical manpower that could handle, maintain and appreciate the unique qualities of the technologies of communication. The problem is such that many broadcast station connect themselves to vary with or commitment as shown towards maintenance and procurement of spare parts.

1.3 Objective of the Study

The main purpose of this research is to examine the influence of new media in achieving communication efficiency in broadcasting, specially the study will.

Determine the extent the new media is adopted in the broadcasting industry of Nigeria.

Ascertain whether the use of the new media have improved the news gathering of the broadcasting industry in Nigeria.

Ascertain whether the adoption of the new media have contributed to the level of news verification(s) in the Nigeria broadcasting industry.

Ascertain whether the use of the new media have enhanced news dissemination of the broadcasting industry in Nigeria.

Find out whether the new media have contributed positively to effectiveness of communication between the broadcasting industry of Nigeria and the masses.

1.4 Research Questions

To achieve the above objective, the following research questions will guide the study,

To what extent has the new media been adopted in the broadcasting industry of Nigeria?

Has the use of the new media improved the news gathering of the broadcasting industry in Nigeria?

Has the adoption of the new media contributed to the level of news verification(s) in the Nigerian broadcasting industry?

Has the use of the new media enhanced the news dissemination of the broadcasting industry in Nigeria?

Has the new media contributed positively to the effectiveness of communication between the broadcasting industry of Nigeria and the masses?

1.5 Research Hypotheses

Ho: The new media have not contributed towards achieving communication efficiency in broadcasting industry.

Ha: The new media have contributed towards achieving communication efficiency in the broadcasting industry.

1.6 Significance of the Study

This study will be beneficial in the following ways:

The findings will help to reposition the thought pattern and help media professionals to get acquainted with the new technologies to help produce quality programmes. The findings of this research will add to the existing literatures and act as a handy material for students who might have interest in researching further on the topic. The study shows the extent to which broadcast media have incorporated the use of modern technologies in their operations. The findings from this research ascertained how favourable or unfavourable these new technologies are to the broadcast media.

1.7 Scope of the Study

This study focuses on the influence of new media in achieving communication efficiency in broadcasting. By extension, the study will further, determine the extent the new media is adopted in the broadcasting industry of Nigeria, ascertain whether the use of the new media have improved the news gathering of the broadcasting industry in Nigeria, ascertain whether the adoption of the new media have contributed to the level of news verification(s) in the Nigeria broadcasting industry, ascertain whether the use of the new media have enhanced news dissemination of the broadcasting industry in Nigeria, and find out whether the new media have contributed positively to effectiveness of communication between the broadcasting industry of Nigeria and the masses. The respondents for this study will be obtained from the broadcasting staff of BBC news, Abuja, Nigeria.

1.8 Limitations of the Study

In the course of carrying out this study, the researcher experienced some constraints, which included time constraints, financial constraints, language barriers, and the attitude of the respondents. However, the researcher were able to manage these just to ensure the success of this study.

Moreover, the case study method utilized in the study posed some challenges to the investigator including the possibility of biases and poor judgment of issues. However, the investigator relied on respect for the general principles of procedures, justice, fairness, objectivity in observation and recording, and weighing of evidence to overcome the challenges.

1.9 Definition of Terms

a) Technology:

Technology as the scientific knowledge used in practical ways in army organizational structure.

b) Broadcast:

This is a transmission of a Radio or television progamme aired to be received by anyone with a receiver.

c) Global Village

This means bringing the entire world door via digital, and the electronic hyper science means.

d) Satellite System:

The satellite is a communication technology that operates by receiving electronic messages from ground and transmit them though other earth station.

1.10 Organization of the Studies

The study is categorized into five chapters. The first chapter presents the background of the study, statement of the problem, objective of the study, research questions and hypothesis, the significance of the study, scope/limitations of the study, and definition of terms. The chapter two covers the review of literature with emphasis on conceptual framework, theoretical framework, and empirical review. Likewise, the chapter three which is the research methodology, specifically covers the research design, population of the study, sample size determination, sample size, and selection technique and procedure, research instrument and administration, method of data collection, method of data analysis, validity and reliability of the study, and ethical consideration. The second to last chapter being the chapter four presents the data presentation and analysis, while the last chapter(chapter five) contains the summary, conclusion and recommendation.

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