Construction And Installation Of Battery Bank For A 4KVA Solar Power Station

ABSTRACT

Battery bank includes a battery arranged either in parallel or in series. Power Banks are comprised of a special battery in a special case with a special circuit to control power flow. They allow you to store electrical energy (deposit it in the bank) and then later use it to charge up solar power station. The general aim when designing a battery bank is to get a system that is big enough to supply all your needs for a few cloudy days, but is also small enough to be charged by your panels.

TABLE OF CONTENT

COVER PAGE

APPROVAL PAGE

DEDICATION

ACKNOWLEDGEMENT

TABLE OF CONTENT

CHAPTER ONE

• INTRODUCTION
• BACKGROUND OF THE PROJECT
• OBJECTIVE OF THE PROJECT
• PURPOSE OF THE STUDY
• SIGNIFICANCE OF THE PROJECT
• APPLICATION OF THE PROJECT
• SCOPE OF THE PROJECT
• LIMITATION OF THE PROJECT
• PROBLEM OF THE PROJECT
• PROJECT WORK ORGANISATION

CHAPTER TWO

LITERATURE REVIEW

2.1      REVIEW OF THE STUDY

2.2      TYPES OF SOLAR POWER STATION

2.3     REVIEW OF RECHARGEABLE BATTERY

CHAPTER THREE

DESIGN METHODODLOGY

3.1      SYSTEM BLOCK DIAGRAM

3.2      BATTERY BANK  DIAGRAM

3.3      SYSTEM SETUP DIAGRAM

3.4      SYSTEM DESCRIPTION

3.5      DESIGN CALCULATION AND CONSIDERATION

CHAPTER FOUR

RESULT ANALYSIS

• CONSTRUCTION PROCEDURE
• TESTING OF SYSTEM OPERATION
• ASSEMBLING
• DIFFICULTIES ENCOUNTERED ON THE SYSTEM

CHAPTER FIVE

5.1 CONCLUSION

5.2      RECOMMENDATION

5.2      REFERENCES

CHAPTER ONE

1.0                                                        INTRODUCTION

Sometimes there is nothing worse than losing all the charges on your Smartphone especially when you are in the middle of something very important. Usually this happens at the most inconvenient time probably when you are using power supply for something very important.

Battery based Solar Power Plant will supply electricity from Solar Panels. In the day time solar will run the connected load and balance energy storage in the form of a battery bank through Solar Inverter to provides a buffer and control flexibility to allow optimum use of the renewable energy source without jeopardizing the robustness and quality of power delivered to the customer. The system controller will monitor and measure how much energy is being produced by the solar array, it has the ability to harvest the maximum possible energy. In the event of large availability of solar power and less load, it will be possible to store the energy in the battery and to cater the load simultaneously. The battery bank will allow excess solar energy to be stored and used later on when required. In effect the battery bank will provide flexibility and supply.

Solar Power Plant can be designed or customised as per your requirement, electricity consumption and power back requirements. But for this particular work, battery bank was designed to power a 4kva power station or off-grid inverter. Battery bank or backup for such inverter capacity can be decided after your load calculation.

• BACKGROUND OF THE PROJECT

Only 30 years ago, an off-grid homestead’s photovoltaic (PV) system was likely to consist of two 35-watt modules and one or two car batteries. Such a system had no inverter, as reliable inverters were still years away. The typical 12-volt system powered little more than a few low-voltage lights, a car stereo, and a few 12-volt products developed for early RVs. But for power pioneers, this kind of system was heaven-sent — a wonderful alternative to kerosene lamps and engine-powered generators.

The batteries used in early PV systems weren’t designed for the deep discharges common in home use, so they often failed to hold charge after only a year or two. As a result, early deep-cycle batteries for homestead systems were adapted from other uses. The most common batteries were originally developed for golf carts, supermarket floor scrubbers, and mine cars. Only a few people could afford to order industrial-grade batteries directly from manufacturers.

Renewable energy systems should be sized so that the total amount of daily charging energy from all sources — PV, wind, hydroelectric, or generator — exceeds a home’s total average daily load. The role of the battery bank is to provide stored energy between charging periods — nothing more. When carefully planned and executed, the batteries in a home power system will run everything in your home — but “everything” will include far less than in a typical mainstream home.

1.2                                             OBJECTIVE OF THE PROJECT

The objective of the project is to install a device that is used to recharge and supply electrical energy to the solar power station.

1.3                                              PURPOSE OF THE PROJECT

The purpose of this work is to arrange number of rechargeable batteries either in series or in parallel. It is arrange in series when trying to achieve a particular voltage or in parallel when we are looking a achieving additional ampere per hour of the battery.

1.4                                         SIGNIFICANCE OF THE PROJECT

1. Power bank serve as an ‘extra battery’ or external power source for the power station for supplying electrical energy to homes and offices.
2. Solar with Battery Backup of 6-48 hours as per use.

iii. This kind of a system will allow a customer to go off the grid.

1. This power bank makes system work without electricity grid. This is the most common installation type for areas that have no electricity or power cuts problems.
2. A larger system installed to meet peak summer demand is usually sized to include air conditioning.

1.5                                          APPLICATION OF THE PROJECT

This device is used to supply energy to the solar power station. Apart from using battery bank to power solar power station, it can also be used to recharge cell phones and other portable devices like music players, e-book readers, and cameras.

1.6                                                 SCOPE OF THE PROJECT

Solar Inverter supply often dies at very inconvenient a time, which is as soon as the sun goes down. Solar battery bank stores the charge which is to be used later for powering of the solar power.

Power bank starts charging as soon as the sun rises and stops charging as soon as the sun sets. At the solar power station, a solar charge controller is used to regulate and control the charging voltage that goes to the battery bank to protect the bank from overcharging. The charging regulation required by the battery is performed within the device getting charged, and this design takes advantage of that circuit.

1.7                                           LIMITATION OF THE PROJECT

• it is been recharged by solar panel.
• The duration of the charged when in used depend on the number of cell used.
• The device is calculated to be used for powering a 4KVA solar power station.

1.8                               PROBLEM OF THE PROJECT

1. battery bank is the little expensive as additional battery cost is incurred to provide a for a normal household or business functioning.
2. No net metering system and wastage of Power if not in use.

1.9                          PROJECT WORK ORGANISATION

The various stages involved in the development of this project have been properly put into five chapters to enhance comprehensive and concise reading. In this project thesis, the project is organized sequentially as follows:

Chapter one of this works is on the introduction to the study. In this chapter, the background, significance, objective, purpose, limitation and problem of the study were discussed.

Chapter two is on literature review of this study. In this chapter, all the literature pertaining to this work was reviewed.

Chapter three is on design methodology. In this chapter all the method involved during the design and construction were discussed.

Chapter four is on testing analysis. All testing that result accurate functionality was analyzed.

Chapter five is on conclusion, recommendation and references.