Design And Construction Of A DC To AC Power Inverter Incorporated With Battery Charger

ABSTRACT

This project is on design and construction of a 5KVA inverter with input battery 24V to Output 220Vac 50Hz.

A power inverter, or inverter, is an electronic device or circuitry that changes direct current (DC) to alternating current (AC). The input voltage, output voltage and frequency, and overall power handling, are dependent on the design of the specific device or circuitry.

A typical power inverter device or circuit will require a relatively stable DC power source capable of supplying enough current for the intended overall power handling of the inverter. Possible DC power sources include: rechargeable batteries, DC power supplies operating off of the power company line, and solar cells. The inverter does not produce any power, the power is provided by the DC source. The inverter translates the form of the power from direct current to an alternating current waveform.

The level of the needed input voltage depends entirely on the design and purpose of the inverter. In many smaller consumer and commercial inverters a 12-24V DC input is popular because of the wide availability of powerful rechargeable 12-24V lead acid batteries which can be used as the DC power source.

The aim of this inverter is construct a 5kva inverter with a 24v input dc supply (battery) which  comprises of  inbuilt automatic charger- which can charge an acid lead rechargeable battery and at same time turn-turn off the charger or stop charging the battery whenever the battery charge fully.

TABLE OF CONTENTS

Title Page

Approval Page

Dedication

Acknowledgement

Abstract

Table of Content

CHAPTER ONE

1.0     Introduction

1.1     Objective of the study

1.2     Application of the an inverter

1.3     Inverter rating

1.5     types of inverter

CHAPTER TWO

2.0     Literature review

2.1     review an early inverter

2.2   Review of basic designs of an inverter

2.3     review of the difference between sine wave and modified sine wave   inverter.

2.4     review of inverter capacity

2.5     safety of inverter

CHAPTER THREE

3.0     Construction

3.1     Basic designs of an inverter

3.2     Block diagram of the system

3.3      Modified sine wave inverter circuit using ic 3525,  with regulated output and low battery protection.

3.4     Description of components used

3.5     Parts list

3.6     How to choose the best inverter battery

CHAPTER FOUR

RESULT ANALYSIS

4.0     Construction Procedure and Testing

4.1     Casing and Packaging

4.2     Assembling of Sections

4.3     Testing of System Operation

4.4      Cost Analysis

CHAPTER FIVE

5.0     Conclusion

5.1     Recommendation

5.2     References

CHAPTER ONE

• INTRODUCTION

1.1                          BACKGROUND OF STUDY

All modern engineering system include certain aspects of control systems at some point in their broadcast sense, control engineering and  the associated theory are concerned with the means by which systems may be made to behave an a desired way.

The system on this thesis is a DC – AC converter, which is an apparatus which is used for conversion of Direct Current to Alternating Current or signal.

In our country, this equipment is not all that in used not because it is not important but because people never give it a thought as per the construction and design.

It is meant, use with a 12v lead acid battery. If it’s in a car for example a suitable output voltage of 230v AC is obtainable.

This output voltage of 230v AC can be used for powering small electrical appliances such as light, electric fans, radio, soldering iron etc.

However, it is worthwhile that AC operated with this appliance is nothing comparable to the AC generated by big generators. This is so because the voltage and power are less in terms of AC generation duration. This appliance is therefore suitable for short time replacement for the real AC generation especially in the remote areas and install where electrical appliances are sold and the need might arise for it to be tested and certified good.

Another main area where this equipment can be of great utility is in communication system, in a situation where there is constant AC power supply failure e.g in offices, DC – AC converter is need and in such cases can be used  as a light sources.

Most industries in the country do not make use of DC – AC converter because they are thought to be costly with respect to the task they perform. However, putting into consideration the task this appliance can be used for, it can be concluded that it is cheaper. The construction is simple, cheaper easy to operate and portable. The usefulness of this device and the function cannot to be over emphasizing now in our economic situation and also when our power generating authority (NEPA) has been dubbed NEVER EXPECT POWER ALWAYS.

In these times when control and monitor a complex field engineering operations have gone computer based, a failure of AC power supply to communication equipment means work stoppage and to some small scale industries a lot of economic and material losses avoidable. To this end, the equipment (DC-AC Converter) is incorporated to an impulse sealer machine which has about 3 sections where the,

First stage is of the dimmer switch with regulates, the rate at which the power flow is needed. The second stage being the main switch(s) which controls the primary side, secondary side of the transformer, the stage 3 comprise of the element made of construction wire which does or finishes the work needed for the machine.

1.2                        OBJECTIVE OF THE STUDY

The objective of this project is to design and construct an inverter which is rated 5KW which can be powered from the source of 24V battery which incorporated its battery charger.

This inverter is capable of operating a wide variety of loads; electronic and household items including but not limited to TV, VCR, and satellite receiver, computers, and printers.

1.5                            TYPES OF INVERTER

There are different types of inverters for home and industries available which can suit your various electricity needs. Following are the two basic types of inverters.

1. Modified Sine Wave Inverters

This type of home inverter obtains power from a battery of 24 volts and must be recharged using a generator or a solar panel. Appliances like microwave ovens, light bulbs, etc. can be run using these types of inverter.

• They can be rightly held as the best inverters for homes as they are efficient enough to provide power to the normal home requirement.
• They are the home inverters that are most affordable
• You can run the daily used home appliances using the modified sine wave home inverters.
• The electric appliances that involve motor speed controls or timers are not to be run using these types of home inverters.

The wave form of a modified sine wave inverter is as below:

2. True sine wave inverters

This is one of the better types of inverters as they provide better power as compared to the modified sine wave inverters for homes. These types of home inverter are also run using a battery of a larger capacity.

• Technically speaking, the sine waves they produce are purer, thus the
• They are best inverters employed for the power sensitive appliances like refrigerators, televisions, air conditioners, washing machines, etc.
• These types of inverters are extremely reliable. The only drawback is that they are a bit expensive and cannot be afforded by the common man.
• There are various models available based on the electricity requirement of the house.