Design And Construction Of A Door Alarm Circuit
The design and construction of a door alarm circuit involve the meticulous integration of electronic components to create a robust system that detects and alerts users to unauthorized access. This intricate electronic apparatus typically comprises sensors, such as magnetic switches or infrared detectors, strategically positioned on the door frame and corresponding door surface. These sensors act as the circuit’s sensory input, detecting changes in the magnetic field or infrared radiation when the door is opened. The core of the circuit includes a microcontroller or an operational amplifier, which processes the signals from the sensors, triggering an alarm mechanism upon detecting a breach. To enhance the system’s functionality, an adjustable timer can be incorporated to control the duration of the alarm, providing flexibility based on the specific security requirements. Furthermore, the integration of a power-efficient design ensures prolonged battery life, contributing to the circuit’s reliability. Overall, the door alarm circuit exemplifies a sophisticated electronic apparatus, adept at safeguarding spaces by promptly responding to unauthorized access attempts through its intelligently engineered sensor and alarm interplay.
The main objective of this project was to ensure a proper security to building against theft or intruder. This device functions as a major security alarms used in residential, commercial, industrial, and military properties for protection against burglary (theft) or property damage, as well as personal protection against intruders . It is an electronic device that is connected to the battery or 5v power supply being installed in and gets activated automatically when someone opens a door and it blows an alarm.
TABLE OF CONTENTS
COVER PAGE
TITLE PAGE
APPROVAL PAGE
DEDICATION
ACKNOWELDGEMENT
ABSTRACT
CHAPTER ONE
1.0 INTRODUCTION
1.1 BACKGROUND OF THE PROJECT
- OBJECTIVE OF THE PROJECT
- SIGNIFICANCE OF THE PROJECT
- PURPOSE OF THE PROJECT
- APPLICATION OF THE PROJECT
- LIMITATION OF THE PROJECT
- SCOPE OF THE PROJECT
- PROJECT ORGANISATION
CHAPTER TWO
LITERATURE REVIEW
- REVIEW OF THE STUDY
- REVIEW OF DIFFERENT TYPES OF INTRUDER SENSOR
- OVERVIEW OF HALL EFFECT SENSOR
- REVIEW OF 555 TIMER IC
CHAPTER THREE
3.0 CONSTRUCTION METHODOLOGY
3.1 BLOCK DIAGRAM OF THE SYSTEM
3.2 SYSTEM OPERATION
3.3 CIRCUIT DIAGRAM
3.4 CIRCUIT DESCRIPTION
3.5 POWER SUPPLY UNIT
CHAPTER FOUR
4.0 TESTING AND RESULTS
- CONSTRUCTION PROCEDURE AND TESTING
- INSTALLATION OF THE COMPLET DESIGN
- ASSEMBLING OF SECTIONS
- TESTING OF SYSTEM OPERATION
- COST ANALYSIS
CHAPTER FIVE
- CONCLUSION
- RECOMMENDATION
- REFERENCE
CHAPTER ONE
1.1 INTRODUCTION
Door circuit with alarm is designed to detect intrusion – unauthorized entry – into a building or area. Security alarms are used in residential, commercial, industrial, and military properties for protection against burglary (theft) or property damage, as well as personal protection against intruders. Car alarms likewise protect vehicles and their contents. Prisons also use security systems for control of inmates.
Some alarm systems serve a single purpose of burglary protection; combination systems provide both fire and intrusion protection. Intrusion alarm systems may also be combined with closed-circuit television surveillance systems to automatically record the activities of intruders, and may interface to access control systems for electrically locked doors. Systems range from small, self-contained noisemakers, to complicated, multi-area systems with computer monitoring and control.
This device protects the door and gives a loud Alarm tone when there is an attempt of theft. This simple door opening alarm using hall sensor produces sound when someone opens the door. The circuit can be installed at a workshop, office or home for security purposes.
1.1 BACKGROUND OF THE PROJECT
The need for having home protection has always been there. But in the recent times, considering a dramatic rise in petty crimes like robbery and theft, the need has been more strongly felt to have a fool proof protection of the belongings and the family members. Home security has come a long way in the last few decades. It was in the hands of a guard who manually provided surveillance during nights in the earlier days, but it was not fool proof as it was only normal for him to have momentary lapse of concentration.
The guard was also susceptible to sleep at times. It was then that home alarm system based upon electronic circuits were developed which proved to be highly reliable and were appreciated by the people as they were relieved from constant monitoring of their homes, office or workshop.
1.2 OBJECTIVE OF THE PROJECT
The objective of this work is to design a device will automatically indicate when someone opens a door and it blows an alarm. This circuit is used to detect the opening of door.
1.3 SIGNIFICANCE OF THE PROJECT
- Saves time for searching door bell switch.
- Saves electricity.
- Enhances security.
- Saves manpower.
- This device can be used to detect when occupants of house left their door open.
1.4 PURPOSE OF THE PROJECT
This project proposes the development of security system for form houses and residential houses.
1.5 APPLICATIONS OF THE PROJECT
- The circuit can be used as a door bell by connecting the supply to a switch.
- With some modifications it can be used to produce different sounds.
- It can be used in the office
- Homes
- industry
1.6 LIMITATION OF THE PROJECT
- As the applied voltage is 5V, it cannot produce more sound.
- You can only use it for one doors.
1.7 SCOPE OF THE PROJECT
This door opening alarm alerts you of intruders. You simply need to fit a small unit including magnetic switch on each door frame and fix a magnet on the moving door such that the magnet aligns with the reed switch when the door is closed.
A separate unit incorporating the power supply, three LEDs and a buzzer is to be kept by your side inside your room. A three core ribbon cable from this unit goes to each door unit. One core goes to the positive terminal, second to the negative terminal and third to the output of the unit. When the door is closed, the reed switch terminals are shorted and the alarm does not sound.
1.8 PROJECT WORK ORGANISATION
The various stages involved in the development of this project have been properly put into five chapters to enhance comprehensive and concise reading. In this project thesis, the project is organized sequentially as follows:
Chapter one of this work is on the introduction to this study. In this chapter, the background, significance, objective limitation and problem of this study were discussed.
Chapter two is on literature review of the study. In this chapter, all the literature pertaining to this work was reviewed.
Chapter three is on design methodology. In this chapter all the method involved during the design and construction were discussed.
Chapter four is on testing analysis. All testing that result accurate functionality was analyzed.
Chapter five is on conclusion, recommendation and references.
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