Design And Construction Of An Intruder Alarm Using 555 Timers And Ir Sensor
The design and construction of an intruder alarm employing 555 timers and IR sensors represent a sophisticated integration of electronic components for security applications. The 555 timers, renowned for their versatility in circuit design, play a pivotal role in generating the necessary timing pulses for the alarm system. Paired with IR sensors, which detect infrared radiation variations caused by an intruder’s presence, the system ensures a reliable and responsive security mechanism. This synergy allows for the precise triggering of the alarm when unauthorized infrared patterns are detected. The ingenuity of this system lies in its adept utilization of 555 timers to orchestrate the timing sequence seamlessly, while the IR sensors act as vigilant sentinels, continuously monitoring the surroundings for any unusual infrared signatures. This integration creates a robust intruder alarm system, exemplifying the synergy between advanced electronic components to fortify security measures effectively.
The main objective of this project was to ensure a proper security to building against theft or intruder. The circuit uses 555 timers IC which was wired as a timing circuit, amplifier to obtain a maximum audible sound. The 555 timer times the circuits and also generates a tone and this tone is send to transistor which amplifies the tone generated through a loud speaker or buzzer.
This device functions as a major security alarms used in residential, commercial, industrial, and military properties for protection against burglary (theft) or property damage, as well as personal protection against intruders.
TABLE OF CONTENTS
TITLE PAGE
APPROVAL PAGE
DEDICATION
ACKNOWELDGEMENT
ABSTRACT
TABLE OF CONTENT
CHAPTER ONE
- INTRODUCTION
- PROBLEM STATEMENT
- AIM OF THE PROJECT
- OBJECTIVE OF THE PROJECT
- SIGNIFICANCE OF THE PROJECT
- SCOPE OF THE PROJECT
- PURPOSE OF THE PROJECT
- LIMITATION OF THE PROJECT
- APPLICATION OF THE PROJECT
- PROJECT ORGANISATION
CHAPTER TWO
LITERATURE REVIEW
2.0 LITERATURE REVIEW
2.1 REVIEW OF THE RELATED STUDY
2.2 HISTORICAL BACKGROUND OF INTRUDER ALARM
2.3 REVIEW OF DIFFERENT TYPES OF INTRUDER SENSOR
CHAPTER THREE
3.0 CONSTRUCTION METHODOLOGY
3.1 BLOCK DIAGRAM OF THE SYSTEM
3.2 CIRCUIT DIAGRAM
3.3 CIRCUIT DESCRIPTION
3.4 SYSTEM OPERATION
3.5 COMPONENTS LIST
3.6 WORKING PRICIPLE
3.7 DESCRIPTION OF MAJOR COMPONENTS USED
CHAPTER FOUR
4.0 RESULT ANALYSIS
4.1 CONSTRUCTION PROCEDURE AND TESTING
4.2 ASSEMBLING OF SECTIONS
4.3 CONSRUCTION OF THE CASING
4.4 TESTING
CHAPTER FIVE
- CONCLUSIONS
- RECOMMENDATION
5.3 REFERENCES
CHAPTER ONE
1.1 INTRODUCTION
The need for having home protection has always been there. But in the recent times, considering a dramatic rise in petty crimes like robbery and theft, the need has been more strongly felt to have a fool proof protection of the belongings and the family members. Home security has come a long way in the last few decades. It was in the hands of a guard who manually provided surveillance during nights in the earlier days, but it was not fool proof as it was only normal for him to have momentary lapse of concentration.
The guard was also susceptible to sleep at times. It was then that home alarm system based upon electronic circuits were developed which proved to be highly reliable and were appreciated by the people as they were relieved from constant monitoring of their homes.
This intruder alarm system uses 555 timer IC which was wired as a timing circuit, as tone generator and amplifier to obtain a maximum audible sound and ir sensor which generates an interrupt signal. This interrupt signal is given to the speaker to alert the user.
The 555 timer times the circuits and also generates a tone and this tone is send to transistor which amplifies the tone generated through a loud speaker or buzzer.
The reset button is used to reset or open circuit the system back to its initial stage. The system is powered with 12V power supply voltage.
1.1 BACKGROUND OF THE PROJECT
The need for having home protection has always been there. But in the recent times, considering a dramatic rise in petty crimes like robbery and theft, the need has been more strongly felt to have a fool proof protection of the belongings and the family members. Home security has come a long way in the last few decades. It was in the hands of a guard who manually provided surveillance during nights in the earlier days, but it was not fool proof as it was only normal for him to have momentary lapse of concentration.
The guard was also susceptible to sleep at times. It was then that home alarm system based upon electronic circuits were developed which proved to be highly reliable and were appreciated by the people as they were relieved from constant monitoring of their homes.
1.2 PROBLEM STATEMENT
The need for having a constant home protection has always been there. But in the recent times, considering a dramatic rise in petty crimes like robbery and theft, the need has been more strongly felt to have a fool proof protection of the belongings and the family members. Home security has come a long way in the last few decades. It was in the hands of a guard who manually provided surveillance during nights in the earlier days, but it was not fool proof as it was only normal for him to have momentary lapse of concentration. This device brought solution to this need. It ensures adequate protection against intruders.
1.3 AIM OF THE PROJECT
The main aim of this project is to create a comfort in the minds of house owners when they out from their premises without much fear of intruder.
1.4 OBJECTIVE OF THE PROJECT
This circuit is designed to alert the user when an intruder enters into the home. If there is any obstacle in front of IR sensor, it generates an interrupt signal. This interrupt signal is given to the speaker to alert the user.
1.5 SIGNIFICANCE OF THE PROJECT
This device functions as an electronics watch dog. This device functions as a major security alarms used in residential, commercial, industrial, and military properties for protection against burglary (theft) or property damage, as well as personal protection against intruders.
1.6 PURPOSE OF THE PROJECT
This project proposes the development of security system for form houses and residential houses.
1.7 SCOPE OF THE PROJECT
In an extremely mechanized word such as today’s it is necessary to make our life better, convertible and economical. This is the purpose for which the Electronic house is developed. The main part of the circuit is 555 timer and IR sensor: IR transmitter always emits the IR (Infrared) rays which have to be received by IR receiver. When there is an obstacle in front of IR sensor, the transmitted IR rays are reflected back to the IR receiver. The output of Op-Amp is high when IR receiver receives the reflected IR rays. This output of operational amplifier is connected to the RESET pin of 555 Timer.
1.8 APPLICATION OF THE PROJECT
This device is used in the following places as:
- schools
- Home Security Systems.
- Prisons Security.
- Vehicle Security.
- Broadband alarm monitoring.
- Glass Break.
- Property Theft Alarm
1.9 LIMITATION OF THE PROJECT
This circuit produces the sound even if there is any non-living thing in front of IR sensor.
1.10 PROJECT WORK ORGANISATION
The various stages involved in the development of this project have been properly put into five chapters to enhance comprehensive and concise reading. In this project thesis, the project is organized sequentially as follows:
Chapter one of this work is on the introduction to this study. In this chapter, the background, significance, objective limitation and problem of this study were discussed.
Chapter two is on literature review of the study. In this chapter, all the literature pertaining to this work was reviewed.
Chapter three is on design methodology. In this chapter all the method involved during the design and construction were discussed.
Chapter four is on testing analysis. All testing that result accurate functionality was analyzed.
Chapter five is on conclusion, recommendation and references.
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