Design And Construction Of A Sequential Timer For DC Motor Control

INTRODUCTION
1.1 BACKGROUND OF THE PROJECT
In most of the industrial processes it is required to rotate DC motor forward and reverse for desired time. First motor rotates forward (clockwise) for some time (say 2 – 3 min) then it stops for some time. Again it rotates reverse (anticlockwise) for some time and rests. This process repeats every time when gets triggered (Dal et al., 2012).
In automated bottle for example, in filling plant, the bottles are moving on conveyor belt. When it comes under filler, the filler comes down (that means motor attached with mechanism rotates forward) then it fills the bottle (that means motor stops). Again it goes up (motor rotates reverse) and stops. As the next bottle arrives, the same process is triggered again. For moving filler up and down the time of rotating motor forward and reverse is calibrated and fixed. Also the motor stop time is calibrated based on time required to fill the bottle. Another very good domestic application is washing machine (Dal et al., 2012). Once timer is set to wash cloths the motor automatically rotates forward and reverse for fixed time (10 – 15 sec) with small pause in between. So I can give thousands of such applications where there is a need to run motor forward – stop – reverse – forward (Dal et al., 2012).
Now because this is sequential process we can use sequential timer. Sequential timer is widely used circuit in industries because in most of the industries all the processes are of chain reaction type. That means one process ends and it triggers next. The last process triggers first process when it ends. And thus the cycle continues (Kershenbaum, 2016). This work covers building a sequential timer for dc motor control.

1.2 AIM OF THE PROJECT
The aim of this study is to build a sequential timer for dc motor control using 555 timers, dc motor and relay as the major components.

1.3 OBJECTIVES OF THE PROJECT
The objectives of this study are:
i. To build a sequential timer for dc motor control prototype
ii. To increase production in our industries
iii. To reduce human labour needed in industries

1.4 SIGNIFICANCE OF THE PROJECT
This study will serve as a means of promoting automation in our industries. This study will also serve as a means of enlightening students on how to control devices using dc motor and relay.
In this study, application and wiring of 555 timer will be known.

1.5 PURPOSE OF THE PROJECT
The main purpose of this work is to make a sequential timer is a widely used circuit used in industrial plants for industrial processes

1.6 APPLICATION OF THE PROJECT
This device is used in places like:
i. bottle filling plant
ii. washing machine etc.

1.7 ADVANTAGES OF THE PROJECT
Sequence timer is an advance instrument used to control the timings of the control outputs and operate the output sequentially. It has two or multiple outputs to control different output devices and the time base for both the device is user definable.
• Time setting is very simple.
• High reliability and
• Low initial cost of production

1.8 PROBLEM/LIMITATION OF THE PROJECT
It requires an experience personnel for operation and maintenance. Sequence circuits have problem such as complexity, delay, timing issues, and power consumption.

1.9 PROJECT ORGANISATION
The work is organized as follows: chapter one discuses the introductory part of the work, chapter two presents the literature review of the study, chapter three describes the methods applied, chapter four discusses the results of the work, chapter five summarizes the research outcomes and the recommendations.