Design And Construction Of A Stool (Chair) Seat

ABSTRACT

Students spend an average of six or more hours seated each school day. In addition, teachers have to prepare for lessons, teach, grade work and often sit long hours after lessons have finished. Chair is the primary pieces of furniture in any learning environment. Long lasting and robustness are essential requirements in any seating arrangement, either for learners or teachers.
The aim of this work is to construct a class chair (stool). In this study, one  real size chair was constructed and assembled with polyvinyl acetate adhesive. Chair was tested under 3 cyclic loading directions; namely, front to back, back to front, and backrest, and obtained loading performances of chair was crosschecked with allowable design load levels. Additionally, specimens were analyzed as structures by using the finite element method in order to obtain axial, shear, and bending stresses acting on each member under loadings and compare these values with design stresses. As a result, it was concluded that finite element method analyses achieve reasonable estimates for strength performances and failure behaviors of chair.

COVER PAGE

TITLE PAGE

APPROVAL PAGE

DEDICATION

ACKNOWLEDGEMENT

ABSTRACT

ABBREVIATION

CHAPTER ONE

1.0      INTRODUCTION

1.1      BACKGROUND OF THE STUDY

• AIM AND OBJECTIVE OF THE STUDY
• SIGNIFICANCE OF THE STUDY
• BENEFIT OF THE STUDY
• SCOPE OF THE STUDY
• LIMITATION OF THE STUDY

CHAPTER TWO

LITERATURE REVIEW

• REVIEW OF WOODWORKING
• REVIEW OF WOODWORKING TOOLS
• REVIEW OF RELATED STUDIES

CHAPTER THREE

3.0      MATERIALS AND METHOD

3.1      MATERIALS PROPERTIES

3.2      CONSTRUCTION TOOLS

3.3       CONSTRUCTION OF THE CHAIRS AND INDIVIDUAL JOINT SPECIMENS

3.4      CYCLIC PERFORMANCE TESTING OF CHAIR AND MOMENT-ROTATION CHARACTERISTICS OF JOINTS

3.5      STRUCTURAL ANALYSIS OF CHAIRS

CHAPTER FOUR

4.0        RESULTS AND DISCUSSION

4.2         STRUCTURAL ANALYSIS RESULTS OF CHAIRS

4.3          WORKSHOP SAFETY RULES

CHAPTER FIVE

• CONCLUSION
• RECOMMENDATION
• REFERENCES

CHAPTER ONE

• INTRODUCTION

1.1                                           BACKGROUND OF THE STUDY

A chair is a piece of furniture with a raised surface used to sit on, commonly for use by one person. Chairs are most often supported by four legs and have a back; however, a chair can have three legs or could have a different shape.

The number of students within a classroom must be taken into account in terms of comfort and safety. Chair must allow students to move comfortably without creating congestion in any one area. If cooperative learning is a goal of the teacher, the classroom Chair needs to be easily and safely movable. According to Cooperative Learning Classroom, student chairs should not be connected and should be able to be used for individual work and then brought together for group work.

Consideration of the students who will use the classroom should drive the choice of furniture. Chairs are used in different places of the school, even in the laboratory. A laboratory stools are school furniture that are constructed of timber. Laboratory stools are mainly used for sitting in the school laboratory, workshop, and lecture halls e.t.c.

The purpose of this study is gear towards the construction of school stool, the ways and manner in which they are constructed.

Furthermore, it also dealt in details the sources of materials for constructing school stool which needs a good knowledge of principle of design, construction techniques and good working environment.

And also described briefly timber in relation to it differences, sizes, names, durability, defect, clauses, treatment and controls. A view was also made to timber grading considering the quality and condition of a piece of timber. It was necessary also to distinguish between the two fundamental types of timber grading and classifying the various types of wood with respect to their individual characters.

 1.2    AIM AND OBJECTIVE OF THE STUDY

The main aim of this project is to construction a school chair (stool) which is mostly used in our schools, which allow students to move comfortably without creating congestion in any one area.

The objectives of this project are described as follows;

1. To enable the student know the various types of wood work, working tools, equipment and their application.
2. To enable the student have a broad knowledge in furniture making and other joinery work.
3. To enable the student evaluate the effect of timber trade policies on welfare of the people.
4. To enable the student access the trade structure of forest based product and also to study the in forest base production the term of domestic production and domestic consumption.
5. To enable the student develop any design of their own wood work.

1.3                          SIGNIFICANCE OF THE PROJECT

Stool or chair is important not only for comfort and aesthetics but for the function it serves within the classroom environment. While deciding on what is needed in a classroom is a personal choice, it is essential to consider how the furniture complements the subject being taught and the comfort of the students.

Most classroom chair will be used by hundreds of students over many years. Quality furniture is needed to meet the demands of time. The type of chair for a particular classroom is driven by the age of the students and the teacher’s presentation of a lesson. The size of the classroom and the number of students it accommodates are also essential factors.

1.4                                              BENEFITS OF THE PROJECT

There are social benefits to be gained from a good choice of classroom furniture. With movable tables and chairs, students gain a better understanding of teamwork and social skills. Also, furniture designed for specific learning environments is conducive to better learning. If classroom furniture fits the student and subject, students can better focus on learning.

1.5                                             LIMITATION OF THE STUDY

The type of teaching being done in the classroom is important. Furniture in an art room will be completely different from that of an integrated technology room. The grade level of the classroom is also significant. For example, middle school students will need chair and table geared more toward a group environment than high school students, according to Cooperative Learning Classrooms.

1.6     THE SCOPE OF THE STUDY

Woodwork is known to be an essential part of civil engineering work in designing and constructing of woodwork such as door, laboratory stools, frames and other form of wood and joinery work.

It is therefore, necessary as a civil engineer to have a broad knowledge of the working techniques in construction industry.

During the study, our view was made open to the problem that maybe likely encountered in the construction processes of the stool which is normally constructed by a small firm industry engage in woodwork practice are concerned with furniture making and other joinery work.

The process of constructing stool was classified into two. First involve the systematic arrangement of the main sources of the materials, cost and major problems and difficulties that was encountered during the process of constructing the project i.e laboratory stools.

The second steps was to analyzed the materials base on the approval specification in the way they will be put into used and taking into account, the procedure and method adopted in the design, pattern, with the aim of reducing the limitation during construction process so as to  enhance a well done project.

It is therefore expected that the student will be able to use the techniques that was acquired during the construction processes in their field of specialization.

The process of the project were cutting, planning preparation of the wood, treatment of the wood, the methods of joint adopted in the laboratory stool and method of assembling the parts of the stool.