Design And Construction Of An Automatic Door Opener Using Password

Traditional lock systems using mechanical lock and key mechanism are being replaced by new advanced techniques of locking system. These techniques are an integration of mechanical and electronic devices and highly intelligent. One of the prominent features of these innovative lock systems is their simplicity and high efficiency.

Such an automatic lock system consists of electronic control assembly which controls the output load through a password. This output load can be a motor or any other mechanical/electrical load.

Here we develop an electronic code lock system using microcontroller, which provides control to the actuating the load. It is a simple embedded system with input from the keyboard and the output being actuated accordingly.

TABLE OF CONTENTS

TITLE PAGE

APPROVAL PAGE

DEDICATION

ACKNOWELDGEMENT

ABSTRACT

TABLE OF CONTENT

CHAPTER ONE

• INTRODUCTION
• BACKGROUND OF THE PROJECT
• PROBLEM STATEMENT
• AIM OF THE PROJECT
• OBJECTIVE OF THE PROJECT
• PURPOSE OF THE PROJECT
• SIGNIFICANCE OF THE PROJECT
• BENEFIT OF THE PROJECT
• APPLICATION OF THE PROJECT
• PROJECT ORGANISATION

CHAPTER TWO

2.0     LITERATURE REVIEW
2.1     REVIEW OF RELATED STUDY

2.2   REVIEW OF DC MOTOR USED IN AUTOMATIC DOOR

CHAPTER THREE

3.0      CONSTRUCTION METHODOLOGY

3.1     SYSTEM BLOCK DIAGRAM

3.2     FUNCTIONS OF THE SYSTEM BLOCK

3.3     SYSTEM OPERATION

3.4      CIRCUIT DIAGRAM OF SYSTEM

3.5      SYSTEM CIRCUIT DESCRIPTION AND OPERATION

3.6      PROGRAM EXPLANATION

3.7      PROGRAM CODE

3.8      POWER SUPPLY UNIT

3.9      MICROCONTROLLER UNIT

CHAPTER FOUR

RESULT ANALYSIS

4.0      CONSTRUCTION PROCEDURE AND TESTING

4.1      CASING AND PACKAGING

4.2      ASSEMBLING OF SECTIONS

4.3      MOUNTING PROCEDURE

4.4      PACKAGING

4.5      TESTING

4.6      RESULT OF SYSTEM

4.7      BILL OF ENGINEERING MEASUREMENTS AND EVALUATION

CHAPTER FIVE

5.1      CONCLUSION

5.2      RECOMMENDATION

5.3      REFERENCES

CHAPTER ONE

1.1                                                        INTRODUCTION

The security situation in many parts of the world today leaves much to be desired. In Nigeria particularly, the prevalence of armed robbers and other groups that constitute nuisance to the society has led to the loss of lives and properties worth millions of dollars. Many of the attacks that led to the loss have occurred in the homes or in guarded compounds and the attacks took place in spite of the existence of seemingly impregnable security gates that were designed to ward off intruders. The needs for electronically controlled gates that have superior security features to those operated manually thus exist and have been on the increase in recent times.

This project is designed to solve this purpose. Main concept behind this project is of a door-latch opening using a password entered through keypad. As well as turning on the Buzzer when password is entered wrong for multiple times. User can change this password anytime he/she wish using a keypad.

Here we develop an electronic code lock system using 8051 microcontroller, which provides control to the actuating the load. It is a simple embedded system with input from the keyboard and the output being actuated accordingly.

This system demonstrates a password based door lock system wherein once the correct code or password is entered, the door is opened and the concerned person is allowed access to the secured area. Again if another person arrives it will ask to enter the password. If the password is wrong then door would remain closed, denying the access to the person.

The main component in the circuit is 8051 controller. In this project 4×3 keypad is used to enter the password. The password which is entered is compared with the predefined password. If the entered password is correct then the system opens the door by rotating door motor and displays the status of door on LCD. If the password is wrong then door is remain closed and displays “pwd is wrong” on LCD.

1.2                                STATEMENT OF PROBLEM

Home security is one of the major needs of human race, coming to security locks electronics system has introduce different ways of protecting lives and properties by the use of password authentication, this system has one of the major electronic advanced system and can be used in different locking system

1.3                                       AIM/OBJECTIVE OF THE PROJECT

The main aim of this project is to develop an embedded system, which is used to verify and authenticate the authorized person entering a restricted room or area. This verification is done via password. Objectives include:

1. To design and create a password door locking system
2. To implement and show how to design a password looking system
3. To show stages involve in the design and implementation of password based system.

1.4                                              PURPOSE OF THE PROJECT

Main purpose of the Access Control is to begin with – protect physical and human assets. This requires restricting unauthorized people from reaching pre-defined areas. This security can be achieved by using password when the user approaches the entrance door where the access controlled door is been used.

1.5                                              BENEFITS OF THE PROJECT

• Control Access based on User, Zone and Time
• Palm Vein and Multispectral Biometric Fingerprint Access Control
• Secure Sensitive Areas with Advanced Access Control Features
• IP based Architecture to Enhance Reliability and Scalability
• Centralized Monitoring and Control of Multiple Devices and Locations
• Get Real-time Notification on Exceptions

1.6                                         SIGNIFICANCE OF THE PROJECT

It is important to increase the system of our various abode with a dependable security system, password system are not just used for security purpose but due to its mode of operation has being applied to car ignition lock joints and engine voltage supplied when it saves as a security system for car system. It importance does include:

1. As a fast way to increase security intrusion protection
2. It saves a better way to protect homes and properties by using the user personal identification system for effective protection.
3. This project provides security
4. Power consumption is less
5. Used commonly available components
6. Project is simple and easy

1.7                                         APPLICATIONS OF THE PROJECT

·        This simple circuit can be used at residential places to ensure better safety.

• It can be used at organizations to ensure authorized access to highly secured places.
• With a slight modification this Project can be used to control the switching of loads through digit code or finger print.

1.8                                                 SCOPE OF THE PROJECT

This device consist of a keypad for password, Electromagnetic lock or door strike. Power supply system and a push button. To use this system, the authorized password user when approach the reader will just have to use the password. Once the correct data is present to the system, through an interface the locking / door holding devices will be de-energized and the door can be push open. From inside of building to exit the building the person will just have to press a door lock release switch and the system will release the lock. A power back-up unit will be incorporated into most access control system, this will act as standby power in the event there is a power outage. For certain safety requirement a break glass is incorporated into the system for emergency release of the door.

1.10                                        LIMITATIONS OF THE PROJECT

1. If there is no power supply and the battery is not charged, it is not possible to open the door.
2. If not supplied the recommended voltage can keep the door lock until the voltage level is reached.

• Only one password can be used which only known by the users

1. It is a low range circuit, i.e. it is not possible to operate the circuit remotely.
2. If you forget the password it is not possible to open the door.

1.11                                               DEFINITION OF TERMS

Secure Area: A designated area in which access into and out of is controlled and can be monitored.

Secure Door: A door in which access through is controlled and can be monitored.

Shielding: Providing electrical isolation for a circuit, component, or wire by enclosing or isolating the circuit, component, or wire with a metal enclosure, plate, or foil that blocks any interfering electrical field.

Short Circuit: An unintentional connection that provides a low resistance path between two points in a circuit or between a point in a circuit and ground. A Short Circuit can drastically affect the operation of a circuit. If excessive current flow results from the Short Circuit, a device may be damaged or ruined.

Signature Verification: A biometric identification method using a person’s signature characteristics (writing speed, pen pressure, shape of loops, etc.) to identify that person.

Microcontroller: a programmable unit that controls the whole section

Password: a set of security number or code use only by one person for security authentication

Spike: A voltage peak of high amplitude and short duration.

Suppression: The addition of a device to an electrical circuit that minimizes or prevents transients from affecting the proper operation of that circuit.

Switch: A device used to either connect or interrupt an electronic circuit.

1.10                                      PROJECT WORK ORGANISATION

The various stages involved in the development of this project have been properly put into five chapters to enhance comprehensive and concise reading. In this project thesis, the project is organized sequentially as follows:

Chapter one of this work is on the introduction to password based automatic door opener. In this chapter, the background, significance, objective limitation and problem of password based automatic door opener were discussed.

Chapter two is on literature review of password based automatic door opener. In this chapter, all the literature pertaining to this work was reviewed.

Chapter three is on design methodology. In this chapter all the method involved during the design and construction were discussed.

Chapter four is on testing analysis. All testing that result accurate functionality was analyzed.

Chapter five is on conclusion, recommendation and references.