Design And Construction Of An Automatic Intruder Alarm System Using Infrared And 7-Segment Display

This device is a security device that indicates when an intruder or object passes or cut the light infrared. The system will clearly warn immediately, command give an indication through 7-segment display.

Circuit diagram of this device uses an infrared sensor to sense intrusions. Infra red rays reflected from a static object will be in one phase, and the rays reflected from a moving object will be in another phase. The circuit uses this principle to sense the motion. The IC1 (NE 555) is wired as an astable multivibrator. The IR diode connected at the output of this IC produces infrared beams of frequency 5Khz. These beams are picked by the infrared sensor, photo transistor Q1. At normal condition, that is, when there is no intrusion the output pin (7) of IC2 will be low. When there is an intrusion the phase of the reflected waveforms has a difference in phase and this phase difference will be picked by the IC2. Now the pin 7 of the IC 2 goes high to indicate the intrusion.

CHAPTER ONE

1.0                                                        INTRODUCTION

Intruder alarm is designed to detect intrusion – unauthorized entry – into a building or area. Security alarms are used in residential, commercial, industrial, and military properties for protection against burglary (theft) or property damage, as well as personal protection against intruders. Car alarms likewise protect vehicles and their contents. Prisons also use security systems for control of inmates.

Some alarm systems serve a single purpose of burglary protection; combination systems provide both fire and intrusion protection. Intrusion alarm systems may also be combined with closed-circuit television surveillance systems to automatically record the activities of intruders, and may interface to access control systems for electrically locked doors. Systems range from small, self-contained noisemakers, to complicated, multi-area systems with computer monitoring and control.

1.1                                         BACKGROUND OF THE PROJECT

The need for having home protection has always been there. But in the recent times, considering a dramatic rise in petty crimes like robbery and theft, the need has been more strongly felt to have a fool proof protection of the belongings and the family members. Home security has come a long way in the last few decades. It was in the hands of a guard who manually provided surveillance during nights in the earlier days, but it was not fool proof as it was only normal for him to have momentary lapse of concentration.

The guard was also susceptible to sleep at times. It was then that home alarm system based upon electronic circuits were developed which proved to be highly reliable and were appreciated by the people as they were relieved from constant monitoring of their homes.

1.2                                             OBJECTIVE OF THE PROJECT

Intruder alarms are automatic home monitoring devices to monitor and alert in case of a burglary attempt at that place – house or a commercial place. Our objective is to ensure security of property using our device.

1.3                                              PURPOSE OF THE PROJECT

This project proposes the development of security system for form houses and residential houses.

1.4                                         SIGNIFICANCE OF THE PROJECT

This circuit warns the trespasser infrared system or Infrared Intruder Alarm circuit that interesting. By when there is a person passes or cut the light infrared. The system will clearly warn immediately, command give relay work, and build current give indication through seven segment display.

1.5                                                 SCOPE OF THE PROJECT

In an extremely mechanized word such as today’s it is necessary to make our life better, convertible and economical. This is the purpose for which the Electronic house is developed.

The project composed of the:

1. Transmitter
2. Receiver
3. Seven segment counter

TRANSMITTER :The transmitter section is built around IC 555 (IC1),Ø which is wired as an astable multivibrator. It produces about 38kHz frequency.Ø IR LED1 emits 38kHz modulated signals up to aØ distance of 4.6 metres (15 feet). The modulated IR beam from the transmitterØ continuously falls on the receiver section.

RECEIVER: The receiver sensor TSOP1738 responds to 38kHz frequency. The modulated IR beam falling on receiver sensor TSOP1738 makes its output low. When somebody crosses the path of IR rays it senses this and its output goes high momentarily, which triggers the flip-flop. The IR transmitter and receiver units are mounted opposite to each other on the sides of entry door or gate.

1.6                                          APPLICATION OF THE PROJECT

This device is used in the following places as:

• Home Security Systems.
• Prisons Security.
• Vehicle Security.
• Broadband alarm monitoring.
• Glass Break.
• Property Theft Alarm

1.7                                                                       PROBLEM OF THE PROJECT

Interference: interference and false triggering might likely occur. In order to prevent interference and false triggering, if the infrared light is not properly modulated. The modulated signal can only be demodulated by the appropriate IR Receiver. Also, any other object such as animals can also trigger the device once they are allowed to pass in-between the transmitter and receiver.

1.8                                           LIMITATION OF THE PROJECT

1. IR Transmitter and Receiver require line of sight communication i.e. they need to be facing each other.
2. The range of IR communication is less and is reliable for short range and small amounts of data

1.8                                        PROJECT WORK ORGANISATION

The various stages involved in the development of this project have been properly put into five chapters to enhance comprehensive and concise reading. In this project thesis, the project is organized sequentially as follows:

Chapter one of this work is on the introduction to this study. In this chapter, the background, aim, purpose, significance, scope, objective, limitation and problem was discussed.

Chapter two is on literature review of the study. In this chapter, all the literature pertaining to this work was reviewed.

Chapter three is on design methodology. In this chapter all the method involved during the design and construction were discussed.

Chapter four is on testing analysis. All testing that result accurate functionality was analyzed.

Chapter five is on conclusion, recommendation and references.