Effect Of Motivation On The Performance Of Employees

Introduction

1.1 Background to the Study

An Organization is a rationally conceived entity (John 2000), in the sense that it is created to archive certain aims, objectives, and goals. Organizations are an inescapable feature of modern social experience for all human beings. (John Martin 2001). In the sense that from the rural to the urbanized areas, organization impacts on all aspect of human experience. In Organization all over the world, there are some resources that an organization needs in order to survive, and they are; production resources, financial resources, Inventories, human abilities, or IT and natural resources. Human resource is seen as the most valuable resource in an organization because human beings have the ability to control all other resources needed for organizational survival. The performance of individual employees in an organization is important to an organizations survival. The employees are individuals who are being hired to perform some specific task or duties, and the level at which employees would perform their tasks on a regular basis. Most employee work in an organization due to the different motivators used in the organization. Motivation plays an significant role in organizational employee performance.

According to Stephen P. Robbins (2001), motivation is the method that accounts for the intensity direction of an individual and persistence of effort to achieve a objective. Motivation can be said to be at the core of how an organisation does creative and productive stuff (Bloisi et al., 2003). Motivation has been shown to be concerned with the variables influencing individuals to act in some respects. Arnold and others (1991). In today’s global market, where companies seek a competitive edge, motivation is key for talent retention and performance retention. Every employer’s objective is to build an engaging and motivating workplace where staff want to remain, develop and contribute their understanding, experience and skills, regardless of the financial setting (Elizabeth 2017). In manufacturing companies, the nature of duties an employee performs and how the employee performs them is based on the level of motivation in the area of work. Motivation relates to the procedures of psychology that boost the enthusiasm and persistence of voluntary actions directed at some purpose. Since motivation can be extremely individualized, executives use a broad variety of methods to maintain their employees motivated and in excellent working circumstances.

1.2 Statement of the Problem

Since employees are the most important resource in the organizations and those employees (human capital) are the one who utilize other resources in the organization, the process which lead to organization performance. Motivation is something nearly all people to some extent are concerned with and employees work best when they are motivated, which make motivation essential to employees performance. One of the most difficult challenges organizations are facing is to get employees to do their best, during all conditions and making employees to perform at a required or expected standard something needs to motivate employees.

Motivation of an employee is very important in every organization, in order to improve the performance of individual employee and organization in general motivation must be conducted in very careful manner because when employees are not properly motivated it will affect the individual performance where by the employee will be dissatisfied with the work and also organization performance will deteriorate and cause things like high employees turnover, poor employees performance, absenteeism, increasing the rate of conflicts and grievances as well as the organization might fail to achieve their targeted goals to happen.

1.3 Objectives Of The Study

The main aim of the study is to examine the effect of motivation on the performance of employees of selected satchet water producers in Maiduguri Metropolis Borno State;

The specific objectives include:

To examine the influence of working environment on employees’ performance.

To examine the influence of intrinsic factors on employees’ performance.

To examine the influence of extrinsic factors on employees’ performance.

1.4 Research Questions

What is the influence of working environment on employees’ performance?

What is the influence of intrinsic factors on employees’ performance?

What is the influence of extrinsic factors on employees’ performance?

1.5 Research Hypothesis

Ho: There is no significant relationship between motivation and employees’ performance.

Ha: There is a significant relationship between motivation and employees’ performance.

1.6 Significance of the Study

The findings and theories that was discussed can be used to give a clear picture to organizations on how motivated employees can improve their performance individual and organizations since motivated employees with high morale become dedicated to the organization. They also perform their jobs in the best manner. Generally, employees are motivated through facilities both financial and non-financial. Financial facilities are essential to fulfill basic and other physiological needs. In a similar manner, promotion on the basis of efficiency and experience is essential to fulfill social needs.The study is important due to offering of solutions to some problems related to employee’s motivation and on how will they perform if they are motivated.

The study provided understanding on the importance of motivation to employees on improving performance of organization where by employees’ motivation contributes in developing efficiency of employees. This study has shown what happens when employees are actually motivated and how they can improve their working efficiency and the development of working efficiency among workers which lead to maximization of production and productivity. Which enhances Management that have applied the findings from this study so as to expand its business activities in large areas for organizational profitability and growth.

1.7 Scope of Study

This study is structured to focus on the effect of motivation on the performance of employees. The study will be conducted in selected Sachet water producers in Maiduguri Metropolis Borno State.

1.7 Limitation of the Study

Financial Constraint

Insufficient fund tends to impede the efficiency of the researcher in sourcing for the relevant materials, literature or information and in the process of data collection (internet, questionnaire and interview).

Time Constraint

The researcher will simultaneously engage in this study with other academic work. This consequently will cut down on the time devoted for the research work.

1.9 Definition of Terms

The following terms were defined as used in this study:

Productivity:

Is the ratio of output or production capacity of the workers in an organization. It is the relationship between the amount of one or more inputs and the amount of outputs from a clearly identified process.

Employees:

Are the workers in an organization, working for the accomplishment of the organizational goals. In this study, the employees are those staffs of the organization, PHCN.

Motivation:

Motivation is a decision-making process, through which the individual chooses the desired outcomes and sets in motion the behaviour appropriate to them”.

Adequate Motivation:

These are factors (familiarity, concern and driving force), which exist or are provided in a work situation either physically or psychologically which determine the input and productivity level of the worker.

1.10 Organization of the Study

The study is categorized into five chapters. The first chapter presents the background of the study, statement of the problem, objective of the study, research questions and hypothesis, the significance of the study, scope/limitations of the study, and definition of terms. The chapter two covers the review of literature with emphasis on conceptual framework, theoretical framework, and empirical review. Likewise, the chapter three which is the research methodology, specifically covers the research design, population of the study, sample size determination, sample size, and selection technique and procedure, research instrument and administration, method of data collection, method of data analysis, validity and reliability of the study, and ethical consideration. The second to last chapter being the chapter four presents the data presentation and analysis, while the last chapter(chapter five) contains the summary, conclusion and recommendation.