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Impact Of Inter-Government Relations In The Development

(A Case Study Of Ideato North And Ideato South L.G.A Imo State)

5 Chapters
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79 Pages
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10,213 Words
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Inter-governmental relations play a crucial role in shaping the trajectory of development within a nation, influencing policy formulation, implementation, and outcomes across various levels of governance. These relations encompass interactions between different tiers of government, including federal, state, and local authorities, and involve collaboration, coordination, and sometimes conflict resolution. The impact of inter-governmental relations on development manifests in several ways, such as resource allocation, service delivery, and infrastructure development. Effective collaboration between different levels of government can enhance efficiency in public service provision, promote equitable distribution of resources, and foster synergies in tackling complex socio-economic challenges. Conversely, inadequate coordination or conflicts between governmental entities may result in inefficiencies, duplication of efforts, and hindered progress in developmental initiatives. Therefore, fostering constructive inter-governmental relations is essential for maximizing developmental outcomes and ensuring sustainable progress in areas ranging from education and healthcare to infrastructure and economic growth.

ABSTRACT

This project topic “The impact of inter-governmental relation in the development of local government areas in Imo State. A case study of ideato north and ideato south L.G.A Imo State” Rural communities constitute a large landscape in Imo State and has been divide into local government areas. So this research work is on the relationship between the three tiers of government, the need for the process of the inter-governmental relations. It also point out the developmental effect of Ideato North and South Local government and other tiers of government. The institution of inter-governmental relation and how the federal and state government have assisted in the development of local government mainly ideato North and south.
The historical aspect of ideato North and South Local government were available, all the data got, generated and analyzed was used for the development of the rural areas, some suggestions was put in place for the better of the local government (three tiers), since the local government of Ideato North and South, with other levels of government, State, Federal cannot stay in isolation, so there is a need for interaction between the local, state and federal government.

TABLE OF CONTENT

Title page
Approval page
Dedication
Acknowledgment
Abstract

CHAPTER ONE
1.0 Introduction 
1.1 Background of the study
1.2 Statement of the problem
1.3 Objectives of the study
1.4 Research questions
1.5 Statement of hypothesis
1.6 Significant of study
1.7 Scope of study
1.8 Limitation of the study
1.9 Definition of terms

CHAPTER TWO
2.0 Literature review
2.1 Introduction
2.2 The background of Ideato North and south
2.3 The relation of the federal, state and local Government
2.4 Problems of inter-governmental relationship
2.5 The development effect of the local government and others
References

CHAPTER THREE
3.1 Introduction
3.0 Research design and methodology
3.2 Research design
3.3 Methods of data collection
3.4 Population and sampling size
3.5 Sampling technique
3.6 Validity and reliability of measuring Instrument
3.7 Method of data analysis

CHAPTER FOUR
4.0 presentation and analysis of data 
4.1 introduction
4.2 Presentation of data
4.3 Analysis of data
4.4 Test of hypothesis
4.5 Interpretation of results
References

CHAPTER FIVE
5.0 Summary, conclusion and recommendations 
5.1 Introduction
5.2 Summary of findings
5.3 Conclusion
5.4 Recommendations
Questionnaire
References

CHAPTER ONE

INTRODUCTION
The wake for inter-governmental relation came up following the need for decentralization of government, power as a means of creating an enabling environment for wide spread developmental activities all over the country and the nation at large. Nigerian federalism has three levels of government. The federal government, the state government and the local government, this levels are what we refers as the three tiers of government.
This three-tiers of government exist mostly in a federal state, this explains the structural arrangement provision with reference to federal Republic of Nigeria Constitution whereby the country under federal system of government has three levels of government. This arrangement is made for the administrative freedom of operation at each level, so each tiers has its areas of jurisdictions and functions. At the same time each interacts with one another for accomplishment of its duties.
Government here is like a living organism, it is composed of various parts and each of these parts interacts among themselves so as to keep the system functioning at all times.
Inter-governmental relation is defined as the different levels of government within a given state.

1.1 BACKGROUND OF STUDY
Before reform 1976 when local government creation, finance and administration were under the beck and call of the state government, the local government system after 1976 reform became a constitutional subject by embodying the 301 local governments area of which some selected local government was among then. In 1976 the orlu North East county council made up of Nwabosi, Mbanasa and Arondizuogu was merged to create Ideato Local Government Area with its headquarters at urualla.
The living conditions of Nigeria in most rural communities of the federation are quite unpleasant resulting in massive rural- urban drift. Most of such areas have roads that are not motorable often neglected and poorly maintained, medical and healthcare facilities are grossly inadequate, in most rural communities enclaves and absences in some of them. In most Ideato North and south local government area there is poor electricity supply.
The process of inter-governmental relation is no longer new to us as a nation which is facing new challenges that threaten to redefine its status. Inter-governmental relation process in the federal is basically relations spanning politically, administratively and economically co-operation between the tiers of government with the objectives of enhancing better administration of the apparatus. Local government generally in Ideato North and south regarded as a powerful instrument for rural development, the function which are generally allocated to local government are those which are designed to provide services of socio-economic and political development of the rural enclaves with the local government area. (Ogunna 1996:58) seeing the complexities of government functions and the tiers system of government practices, have evolve to primarily ensure the provision of basic services as best and efficiently as the government can manage such.
Many people of various communities in Nigeria are victim of illiteracy, political ignorance and political apathy, this leads to rural poverty. Rural development as a process could effectively tackle these problems if well programmed and planned, progressive improvement of the economic, political, social and cultural condition of communities through the combined efforts of government and the people of the communities. There lies the challenges of inter-governmental relations purpose, in different tiers of government, different jurisdiction yet harmonized to less friction and the maximization of social, economic and political benefit to the citizen. Therefore the local government election has been the affairs of local, sate and federal government was handled by national electoral commission which was a federal government agency, which also undertook the conduct of local government in 1979.
The local government service commission is vested with the responsibility to appoint, train, promote, discipline and transfer of staff in the local government. But inter-governmental relationship has this problem of revenue allocation which exclusively preserver of the federal government.

1.2 STATEMENT OF PROBLEMS
The problems facing local government and national development as well as inter-governmental relation in Nigerian has gained a very serious attention and widest publicity. One if its major problems are:-
Inadequate funding and lack of proper financial management. The cash basis of local government has the negative effect of causing errors which might be intentional and difficult to discern.
Insecurity of assets, poor internal control and also the limitation of business operator are also problems being evicted. The attitude of tax collectors which is the way of raisin money to the state by the local government short fall of expectation.
Problem of fraudulence and embezzlement.

1.3 OBJECTIVE OF THE STUDY
These are the objective of this study
To asses the working efficiency and performance appraisal of Ideato North and south local government.
To examine the available human material and financial resources in Ideato North and south local government.
To examine the essence of revenue allocation which will enable Ideato North and south local government to embark on their developmental project.
To ascertain rapid economic development in Ideato north and south local government area.
To examine the web of complex and inter-dependence among the federal state and Ideato North and south local government in Imo State.

1.4 RESEARCH QUESTIONS
Seeing the nature of relationship that exist among the level of government and the type of problems associated with Ideato north and south local government area that certain research questions arises they includes:-
How important is revenue allocation in the federal, state and local government for the development of project.
In the working efficiency and performance appraisal in Ideato North and south local government to what extents for local government appraised their staffs.
Do you think that it is important to examine the available human, material and financial resources in Ideato North and Ideato south local government.
Do you think that they should ascertain rapid economic development in Ideato North and south local government.
Do you thing that is important to examine the web of complex pattern of interaction and co-operation among the federal, state and Ideato North and south local government in Imo State.

1.5 STATEMENT OF HYPOTHESIS
H0: Null Hypothesis
H1: Alternative Hypothesis
H0: – There is a relationship between the joint account system operated by Ideato north and south local government and Imo State government and the poor level of development in ideato North and south local government area.
H1:- There is no relationship between the joint account system operated by Ideato North and south local government and Imo State government and the poor level of development in ideato North and south local government area.
H0:- The process of inter-governmental relationship minimizes inter-governmental conflict among the various levels of government.
H1:- The process of inter-governmental relationship does not minimize inter-governmental conflict among the various levels of government.

I.6 SIGNIFICANCE OF THE STUDY
It is hope that the outcome of this study will provide research based on inter-governmental relation and local government that could be used by the future researchers, in the organization, Administrators and other people who will need it for research purpose.
This research work will accelerate the achievement of self-reliance, economy by equipping them with the necessary tools in their to actualize their self help project for instance, the application of 50-50 matching grant policy. Inter- governmental relation will also help to facilitate the participation of democratic government at the local government area e.g. in Ideato North and south local government.
Also the importance of this work to the government is that it will help to bring government closer to the people in the rural and urban area as well as sensitizing them on policies and programmes of the federal government. It will as well ensure effective and efficient utilization of available human and material resources among the three tiers of government in which Ideato North and south local government happens to be one.

1.7 SCOPE OF THE STUDY
In the scope of this work the impact of inter-governmental relations in the development of local government areas in Nigeria. (A case study of ideato north and south local government. Intergovernmental relation is seeing as the interaction among different levels exercise power through representative council established by law to exercise specific power within a defined area.

1.8 LIMITATION OF THE STUDY
The limitation of this study is based on:-
1) Information:- that is the reluctance of the respondents to answer the questions as desired by the researcher. That is uncooperative character of the staffs of the local government.
2) Finance:- Due to lack of financial problem the researcher not able to have access to all the facts and materials needed to carry out an exhaustive research on this topic.
3) Time:- Time is another limitation because due to time factor, the researcher could not lay hand on other vital information needed for the project.

1.9 DEFINITION OF TERMS
The definition of terms is based on the words used in these research work.
Inter-governmental relation: It is the series of legal political and administrative relationship established among units of government which poses degrees of authority and jurisdictional autonomy.
Local Government:- It is seeing as a government at the local level which exercised power through the representative council established by law to exercise specific power within a define area.
Development:- It is see as that which leads to a sustainable change along a trajectory leading to growth
Government:- It is see as a group of people who are responsible for controlling a country or state.
Grassroot:- It is seen as an ordinary people in the society or in an organization rather than the leader or people who make decisions.

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Impact Of Inter-Government Relations In The Development:

Inter-governmental relations (IGR) play a crucial role in the development of a country or region. These relations refer to the interactions and cooperation between different levels of government within a nation, such as federal, state/provincial, and local governments. The impact of IGR on development can be both positive and negative, depending on how effectively they are managed. Here are some key ways in which inter-governmental relations can influence development:

Resource Allocation and Sharing:
IGR can determine how resources are allocated and shared among different levels of government. Effective collaboration in resource allocation can ensure that funds and resources are distributed fairly and directed toward areas that need development the most.

Policy Coordination:
Coordination between different levels of government is essential for creating and implementing policies that promote development. When governments work together, they can develop more comprehensive and integrated strategies for issues like infrastructure development, education, healthcare, and environmental protection.

Infrastructure Development:
Infrastructure development often requires cooperation between different levels of government. For instance, building major transportation networks or utilities typically involves federal, state/provincial, and local authorities working together to plan, fund, and execute projects.

Service Delivery:
Efficient Inter-governmental relations can enhance service delivery to citizens. When different levels of government work in tandem, they can improve the quality and accessibility of public services such as education, healthcare, and social services.

Regional Development:
In federal systems, Inter-governmental relations can have a significant impact on regional development. Collaborative efforts can lead to more balanced development across regions, reducing disparities in economic and social development between urban and rural areas.

Revenue Generation:
The distribution of revenue sources and tax-sharing agreements can affect the financial capacity of subnational governments to invest in development projects. Fair revenue-sharing mechanisms can provide local governments with the resources they need for development.

Conflict Resolution:
Inter-governmental relations mechanisms can help resolve conflicts between different levels of government, which can otherwise hinder development efforts. Effective conflict resolution can lead to smoother governance and better outcomes for citizens.

Capacity Building:
Inter-governmental relations can facilitate capacity building at all levels of government. Exchange of knowledge, technical assistance, and training programs can enhance the skills and capabilities of government officials, which, in turn, can lead to more effective development initiatives.

Innovation and Experimentation:
Inter-governmental relations can allow for experimentation with different policy approaches and solutions to local development challenges. Subnational governments may have more flexibility to test innovative policies and programs that can later be scaled up to the national level if successful.

Accountability and Transparency:
Effective Inter-governmental relations mechanisms can promote accountability and transparency in governance, which are essential for development. When different levels of government are accountable to each other and to the public, it can help prevent corruption and mismanagement of resources.

In conclusion, inter-governmental relations have a profound impact on development outcomes. When managed effectively, they can promote cooperation, resource allocation, and policy coordination, leading to more efficient and equitable development. However, poor management or conflicts in IGR can hinder development efforts and lead to suboptimal outcomes. Therefore, fostering positive inter-governmental relations is critical for promoting sustainable development.