Role Of Due Process In Organisational Performance
(A Case Study Of Akwa Ibom State Civil Service Commission)
Due process plays a critical role in enhancing organisational performance by fostering fairness, transparency, and accountability in decision-making processes. By ensuring that established procedures are followed consistently and impartially, due process mitigates the risk of arbitrary actions or favoritism, thereby promoting a culture of trust and equity among employees. This adherence to due process principles also helps in resolving conflicts efficiently, as individuals are assured of a fair hearing and objective evaluation of their grievances or concerns. Moreover, by upholding the principles of due process, organisations can enhance employee morale, engagement, and commitment, leading to improved productivity and overall performance. Effective implementation of due process safeguards the organisation against legal liabilities and reputational risks, as it demonstrates a commitment to upholding rights and responsibilities in accordance with relevant laws and regulations. Thus, integrating due process principles into organizational practices serves as a cornerstone for fostering a conducive work environment that nurtures innovation, collaboration, and sustained success.
The research work was carried out to find out the role of due process in organizational performance (a case study of Akwa Ibom state civil service commission). The study used survey design technique, the population of the study consisted of 400 staff which Yaro-Yemen formular were used to determined while used to determined the sample size where were 200. Both primary and secondary sources of data were used to collected the required information. The questionnaires were analyzed using simple percentage and the hypothesis were tested with chi-square at (5) percent level of significance. The major finding of the study were that following due process enhances organizational performance were based on the analysis of data collected from the different questionnaire administered to senior staff, middle, junior staff in the organization. The conclusion was that it is necessary to maintain due process in order to enhance organizational performance. The researcher recommended that the role of due process in organizational performance top management should ensure that due process is properly followed in making policies in the organization in order to achieve efficiency in staff performance.
Title page
Approval page
Dedication
Acknowledgment
Abstract
Table of contents
CHAPTER ONE
1.0 Introduction
1.1 Background of the study
1.2 Statement of the problem
1.3 Objective of the study
1.4 Research questions
1.5 Research hypothesis
1.6 Scope of the study
1.7 Limitation of study
1.8 Significance of study
1.9 Definition of terms
CHAPTER TWO
2.0 Literature Review
2.1 Conceptual Framework
2.2 Theoretical Framework
2.3 Empirical Framework
2.4 Researchers Position
CHAPTER THREE
3.0 Research Methodology
3.1 Research design
3.2 Sources of data
3.3 Population of sample size determination
3.4 Sample techniques
3.5 Validity and Reliability of the Instrument
3.6 Technique of data analysis
CHAPTER FOUR
4.0 Data Presentation, Analysis and Interpretation
CHAPTER FIVE
5.0 Summary of Findings, Conclusion and Recommendations
5.1 Summary
5.2 Conclusion
5.3 Recommendations
References
Appendix
1.0 INTRODUCTION
1.1 BACKGROUND OF THE STUDY
The private and public ownership of means of production is a unique characteristic of capitalization. The government controls the production of goods and services that are considered essential in the country, usually granted to her through the exclusive right of constitution. The products consumed at subsidized rate, as profit is not the prime reason for its production.
The private sector produces goods and services granted by the constitution (i.e. residual right) at a profit these two sector work hand in hand (i.e. concurrent right) for socio-economic development of the state. Following the poor performance of both sector for the economy, which has dragged the integrity of the nation to the mud, in spite of enormous revenue generation capacity from oil and other exports. The federal government in the new democrats dispensation under the leadership of Olusegun Obasanjo having noted the urgent need to revive the economy mandated the world bank in collaborate with some private sector specialists to examine the economic activities in the country to that public officer will be discharge of their duties. This led to the formation of due process policy.
According to Obbot (2009) due process implies the government activities and business as carried out openly, economically and transparently without any sense of face of procurement and other government services are made in such a way they allow equitable distribution and utilization of scare resources. The post structural adjustment programme (SAP) era, witness the growth private ownership in Nigeria with the proliferation of modern corporation and the corporation law which gives the corporation boards the right(s) to manage corporation without the interference from shareholder. As a result of the separation of ownership and control (i.e. entity concept of business) registered under the company allied matter act (CAMA) of 1990, shareholder have lost their direct influence and involvement in the day-to-day running of the business, thereby encouraging managerial abuses, and leading to corporate failure in both private and public sector of the country, necessitated the needs for business activities to be conducted in the best interest of the corporate holder (s), hence the need for corporate governance is a policy which access the protection of the interest (s) of organizational stakeholder (i.e. shareholders/managers).
1.2 STATEMENT OF THE PROBLEM
There has been considerable interest in corporate governance practice of modern corporation as a result of corporate failure occasioned by inefficient managerial functions. The government owned establishment have suffered set backs in the recent time. It is pertinent to note that civil service have lost their neutrally attributes they no longer believe that politics come and go but civil servant remain.
Presently civil servant entangle themselves into politics, thereby loosing focus on their primary function. Recruitment, promotion and transfer of masterminded. These have led to poor performance mediocrity favoritism and low productivity of government ministries.
Against this background, the researcher is out to investigate the role of due process in organizational governance with particular emphasis on Akwa Ibom state civil service commission.
1.3 OBJECTIVE OF THE STUDY
The main objective of the study is to determine the role of due process in organizational governance. The specific objective includes;
a. To determine how due process affect employees performance
b. To find out the relationship between due process and corporate governance.
c. To examine the concept and principle of due process
d. To find out the legal framework of due process and corporate governance.
1.4 RESEARCH QUESTIONS
The following research questions were designed for this study;
a. To what extent does due process affect employees performance?
b. What is the relationship between due process and corporate governance?
c. What are the concept and principles due to process?
d. What are the legal framework of due process and corporate governance?
1.5 RESEARCH HYPOTHESES
The following research hypotheses were formulated for this study:
HYPOTHESIS ONE
Ho: There is no significant relationship between due process and corporate governance
Hi: There is significant relationship between due process and employee performance
HYPOTHESIS TWO
Ho: There is positive relationship between due process and employees performance
HI: Due process affect employee performance
1.6 SCOPE OF THE STUDY
This study on the role of due process in organizational governance focused on Akwa Ibom state civil service commission. In this all the staff of the organization is used as the population of the study.
1.7 LIMITATION OF THE STUDY
Due to the relatively short-time allowed for this research work based on the distance from Nekede (Imo state) to Akwa Ibom state and the tight academic programme, in the course of the study, the researcher was constraint by inadequate finance and this prevented the researcher from assessing key area and material resources most of the respondents were not also readily available for sensitive responses.
1.8 SIGNIFICANCE OF THE STUDY
The impact of corporate governance due process speicially in public sector cannot be taken for granted, as the success and failure of organisaiton, e.g. Akwa Ibom state civil service commission depend largely on it.
This study will be immense significant to both the state government and the commission, as well as the civil servants.
To the government, the study findings will provide useful guide on how the excesses of the commission under review will be checked, so as to achieve both macro and micro-economic efficient of the economy. The study will equally provide useful guide to employers of labour (i.e. civil servants) on how they should be helping in building of the economy.
1.9 DEFINITIONN OF TERMS
1. Due process: a deliberate attempt to ensure that government activities and businesses are carried out openly, economically and transparently.
2. Corporation: is a company or group of people authorized to act as single entity (legally or person) and recognized as such in law.
3. Governance: Refers to all process of governing whether undertaken by a government, market or network, whether over a family, tribe, formal or informal organization or territory and whether through laws, norms, power or language.
4. Civil service: This are those branches of public service concerned with all governmental administrative functions outside the armed service.
5. Civil servant: A person employed in the civil service.
6. Organization: A group of people or other legal entities with an explicit purpose and written rules.
7. Productivity: The state of being productive, fertile or efficient.
8. Employee: An individual who works part-time or full time under a contract of employment, whether oral or written, express or implies and has recognized rights and duties.
9. Performance: The act of performing carrying into execution, or action as the performance of an undertaking of a duty.
10. Process: Is the sequence of interdependent and linked procedures which at every stage, consume one or more resources (employee time, energy, machines, money to convert inputs (data, materials parts etc) into output.
11. Concept: Is an abstraction or generalization from experience or the result of transformation of existing ideas.
12. Principles: Are fundamental norms, rules or values that represent what is desirable and positive for a person, group, organization or community and help it in deterring the rightfulness or wrongfulness of its actions.
13. Capitalism: Is a system of government where the means of production, distribution, and exchange of wealth is made and maintained chiefly by private individuals or corporations, especially as contrasted to corporatively of state owned means of wealth.
14. Transparency: Is the quality or state of being transparent.
15. Role: Is a set of connected behavior, right, obligations, beliefs, and norms as conceptualized by people in a social situation.
16. Equality: The equal treatment of people irrespective of social or cultural differences.
17. Mediocrity: The condition of being mediocre, having only and average degree of quality, skills ect no better than standard.
18. Role: Is a set of connected behvaiour rights, obligations, beliefs and norms as conceptualized by people in a social situation
19. Transparency: Is the quality or state of being transparent.
20. Equality: The equal treatment of people irrespective of social or cultural differences.
21. Accountability: The state of being accountable liability to be called on to render an account, accountableness responsible for or answerable for.
transparency, and consistency in decision-making, which can have a significant impact on an organization’s overall performance. Here are some key roles and benefits of due process in organizational performance:
- Fair Treatment: Due process ensures that employees and stakeholders are treated fairly and equitably. When individuals perceive fairness in the organization’s actions, they are more likely to be motivated and engaged, which can positively affect performance.
- Conflict Resolution: Due process provides structured mechanisms for resolving conflicts and disputes within the organization. When conflicts are resolved fairly and objectively, it can lead to a more harmonious work environment and prevent disruptions that could hinder performance.
- Compliance with Regulations: Many industries and regions have strict regulations and legal requirements that organizations must adhere to. Due process helps organizations comply with these regulations by ensuring that decisions are made in accordance with the law and relevant policies.
- Risk Mitigation: Following due process helps organizations minimize legal and reputational risks. When decisions are made without proper procedures, it can lead to lawsuits, regulatory fines, and damage to the organization’s reputation, all of which can negatively impact performance.
- Transparency: Due process promotes transparency in decision-making. When employees and stakeholders understand how decisions are made and the criteria used, they are more likely to trust the organization and its leadership. Trust can enhance overall performance, as it fosters collaboration and commitment.
- Consistency: Consistency in decision-making is essential for organizational performance. Due process helps ensure that similar cases are treated similarly, reducing the likelihood of favoritism or bias. This consistency can lead to a more predictable and stable work environment.
- Employee Morale and Satisfaction: When employees believe that their rights are protected and that decisions are made fairly, it can boost morale and job satisfaction. Happy and satisfied employees tend to be more productive and committed to the organization’s success.
- Ethical Behavior: Due process encourages ethical behavior within the organization. When employees and leaders know that they will be held accountable for their actions and decisions, it promotes a culture of integrity, which is essential for long-term performance.
- Effective Change Management: During times of organizational change, such as restructuring or downsizing, due process can help manage the process more smoothly. Clear communication and fairness in implementing changes can minimize resistance and disruptions to performance.
- Stakeholder Trust: Organizations rely on the trust of various stakeholders, including customers, investors, and partners. Due process helps maintain this trust by demonstrating a commitment to ethical and fair practices, which can positively impact financial performance and business relationships.
In summary, due process plays a crucial role in organizational performance by promoting fairness, transparency, compliance, and ethical behavior. When organizations implement and uphold due process principles, they are more likely to achieve their goals, maintain stakeholder trust, and create a positive and productive work environment.