Design And Construction Of A Standby Mode Power Off Controlled Switch System Using An Infrared Remote

ABSTRACT

This paper proposes a novel power supply circuit that can make a standby power consumption of an infrared remote (IR) controlled the device. The  power line of IR controlled power supply in standby mode is disconnected by a relay. Thus, the power consumption is zero because there is no electric current path. When the user pushes the power-on button on the IR remote controller, the strong infrared light is irradiated.

The infrared photodiodes attached to the IR controlled product generates the electromotive force by receiving the infrared light.

This electromotive force drives the power transistor and the disconnected ground or power line is connected. As a result, the IR controlled product in standby mode is activated without any power consumption. The activated product keeps the connection of the ground or power line, and can continue to be controlled by the same single remote controller. The experimental result demonstrates that our power circuit actually achieves the zero standby power consumption while the conventional power circuit consumes the adequate standby power to be activated by the IR remote controller.

 TABLE OF CONTENTS

COVER PAGE

TITLE PAGE

APPROVAL PAGE

DEDICATION

ACKNOWELDGEMENT

ABSTRACT

CHAPTER ONE

INTRODUCTION

1.1      BACKGROUND OF THE PROJECT

• OBJECTIVE OF THE PROJECT
• PURPOSE OF THE PROJECT
• SIGNIFICANCE OF THE PROJECT
• PROBLEM OF THE PROJECT
• LIMITATION OF THE PROJECT
• SCOPE OF THE PROJECT
• APPLICATION OF THE PROJECT

CHAPTER TWO

LITERATURE REVIEW

2.1. OVERVIEW OF STANDBY POWER

2.2. DEFINITION OF STANDBY POWER MODE
2.3. DETERMINING STANDBY POWER

2.4 REMOTE CONTROL TECHNOLOGY

2.5. INFRARED, LINE OF SIGHT AND OPERATING ANGLE

2.6. REMOTE CONTROL TECHNOLOGIES

CHAPTER THREE

SYSTEM DESIGN

• DESCRIPTION OF THE SYSTEM BUILDING BLOCK
• SYSTEM DESIGN SPECIFICATION
• BLOCK DIAGRAM OF THE SYSTEM
• DESCRIPTION OF THE OVERALL OPERATION OF THE SYSTEM
• LIST AND DESCRIPTION OF THE SYSTEM COMPONENTS
• COMPLETE CIRCUIT DIAGRAM

CHAPTER FOUR

• IMPLEMENTATION, TESTING AND RESULTS
• CONSTRUCTION PROCEDURE AND TESTING
• INSTALLATION OF THE COMPLET DESIGN
• CASING AND PACKAGING
• ASSEMBLING OF SECTIONS
• TESTING OF SYSTEM OPERATION
• ECONOMIC OF THE PROJECT
• PROJECT EVALUATION

CHAPTER FIVE

• CONCLUSION
• RECOMMENDATION
• REFERENCES

 CHAPTER ONE

1.1                                                        INTRODUCTION

Remote control facilitates the operation of power supply of appliances around the home or office from a distance. It provides a system that is simple to understand and also to operate, a system that would be cheap and affordable, a reliable and easy to maintain system of remote control and durable system irrespective of usage. It adds more comfort to everyday living by removing the inconvenience of having to move around to operate an appliance. The system seeks to develop a system that is cost effective while not under mining the need for efficiency.

Remote controllers for various audio systems are usually provided with a power ‘on’/‘off’ or standby-mode selector button. But turning the system off from the remote handset actually does not cut off the whole system from mains. Some circuitry inside the system continues to get power from mains even when the power is turned off using the remote handset. One needs to turn off the mechanical switch provided on the system’s front panel or wall outlet in order to turn off the entire system.

Also, accessories like TV boosters, stabilisers and additional ampli-speaker systems cannot be turned off from the remote handset. And it is very annoying to get out of bed to switch off mains after watching some programme on TV or listening to music.

The remote controlled power-off switch circuit given here can disconnect the entire system along with the accessories but living the device in a standby mode, including the circuit itself, from mains using the remote.

1.2                                                   AIM OF THE PROJECT

The aim is to design a remote control that is portable in size and a receiver that responds only to the infra-red signal transmitted by the remote control. The system responds favorable and automatically control the on/off of power supply of appliances in a standby mode.

1.3                                              PURPOSE OF THE PROJECT

The purpose of this work is to provide a system that is simple to understand and also to operate, a system that would be cheap and affordable, a reliable and easy to maintain system of remote control of appliance in a standby mode.

1.4                                         SIGNIFICANCE OF THE PROJECT

This work provides a means of control the on/off of a power supply from a distance using remote. The device would allow a person to control the on/off of a power supply by simply pointing the remote towards a sensor and then pressing any key. Now you can lie in your bed or sit on the sofa and conveniently operate your 220vac appliances. You don’t need to or have to get up. Besides, you now have the functions that were not possible with the conventional power supply. It is cheap and consumes less current, this system uses 220v for the appliances to be controlled while the remote uses two AAA battery.

The standby mode and the remote incorporated enables a device to switch on very quickly without delays that might otherwise occur (“instant-on”).

It may be used to power a remote control receiver, so that when infrared or radio-frequency signals are sent by a remote control device, the equipment is able to respond, typically by changing from standby to fully on mode.

1.5                                                  PROBLEM STATEMENT

When using a remote controlled standby power switch, the following problems are seen in the device:

1. Standby devices mean that heat is generated, which can mean extra cooling is needed, and in the wrong circumstances can be a fire risk.
2. Standby devices are not always completely silent.

• Standby means electric power is present in the device, increasing electrical interference, and making the risks associated with electricity a 24-hour issue.

1. Standby devices can often be remotely controlled, sometimes by unauthorised or irresponsible agents, or by accident.
2. Devices on standby consume electricity which must be paid for. The total energy consumed may be of the order of 10% of the electrical energy used by a typical household, as discussed below. The cost of standby energy is easily estimated—each watt of continuous standby consumes about 9 kWh of electricity per year, and the price per kWh is shown on electricity bills.
3. Standby power is a significant contributor to electricity usage.

1.6                                           LIMITATION OF THE PROJECT

This system to be controlled uses 220v ac supply while the remote uses two AAA battery of the same voltage range which means that the device will stop working as soon as the remote battery goes below the range say 4v.

1.7                                          APPLICATION OF THE PROJECT

This device can be used to power appliances such as: TV, stabilizers, amplifiers etc.

Standby power may be used to power a display, operate a clock, etc., without switching on the equipment to full power.

1.8                                                 SCOPE OF THE PROJECT

This device can be used to remotely control or switch it on or off appliances – that is in standby mode. A remote control works in the following manner. A button is pressed. This completes a specific connection which produces a Morse code line signal specific to that button. The transistor amplifies the signal and sends it to the LED which translates the signal into infrared light. The sensor on the appliance detects the infrared light and reacts appropriately. The remote control’s function is to wait for the user to press a key and then translate that into infrared light signals that are received by the receiving appliance. The carrier frequency of such infrared signals is typically around 36 kHz. Usually, the transmitter part is constructed so that the transmitter oscillator which drives the infrared transmitter LED can be turned on/off by applying a TTL (transistor-transistor logic) voltage on the modulation controlled input. On the receiver side, a photo transistor or photodiode takes up the signals.