Influence Of Music As A Tool For Promoting Moral

This study was carried out to examine the influence of music as a tool for promoting moral using Iyanu by Tope Alabi and students of Osun State University as a case study. The study was specifically set to ascertain whether students listen to musicals often, find out the mediums through which students listen to music, ascertain whether students listen Iyanu by Tope Alabi, ascertain whether Iyanu by Tope Alabi educate students and ascertain whether Iyanu by Tope Alabi inspire the moral life of students. The survey design was adopted and the simple random sampling techniques were employed in this study. The population size comprise of students of Osun State University. In determining the sample size, the researcher conveniently selected 229 respondents and 210 were validated. Self-constructed and validated questionnaire was used for data collection. The collected and validated questionnaires were analyzed using frequency tables and mean scores. While the hypotheses were tested using Chi-square statistical tool. The result of the findings reveals that Students listens to musicals often. Furthermore the result of the findings reveals that. The mediums through which students listen to music includes: Smartphones, radio, bluetooth, MP3 and CD/DVD. Therefore, it is recommended that the government should censor inappropriate sites in Nigeria. They can contact IT specialists with the support of owners of YouTube Facebook and Instagram in such a way that adolescents will no longer have access to these sites without parental guidance. China for example created their own model of these apps to guide its citizens from corruption. Nigeria can do same. To mention but a few.

Introduction

1.1 Background of the Study

Music is a source of entertainment and relaxation that had long been with man in the history. Musical are seen as platforms for music stars to showcase their looks, dance steps and tell a story of their songs. In the Nigerian music landscape, it has grown beyond that into a medium for display of gangsterism, sex and violence while lots of music are educating, offers moral and entertain as well.

Music meant different things to different people as there is no universal meaning for music. However, it is a form of art for entertainment by putting sounds together in a way that interest people. Usually, music requires singing with voice(s) or playing musical instruments, such as the piano, guitar, or drums. It is define as an art of sound in time that expresses ideas and emotions in significant forms through the elements of rhythm, melody, harmony, and color.

Playing of music or musical instrument(s) meant different things to different people and different time, mood, age for different purposes. Some music play consoling role, educative role, informative role, enlightenment role, cultural advancement role but in general, all music primarily entertain. Since time immemorial listen to music or musical instrument has been a tradition in so many culture with different musical instruments, patterns and language that revolve around their cultural background (Olayinka, 2015). Also, different music suitable for different occasions or event, for instance, the musical for wedding ceremony is different from the naming, funeral, coronation, etc

Similarly, in the past, music or playing musical instruments is occasional and not readily available since there were no recording devices at that time for musicals and therefore, the physical presence of the entertainers are always needed to do the job (Olayinka, 2015). Today, music is everywhere - in the churches, schools, club houses, entertainment joints, on discs, mobile phones, on radio stations, television stations, computer, internet etc and this can be a live/stage performance or recorded, podcasting or streaming.

In Nigeria for instance, about 250 ethnic groups in Nigeria play different music and musical instrument usually accompany by dance. The Yoruba listen and dance to Apala, Judu, fuji, Ahurebe, dadakwada, ewi, Ijala among others in the past but now it is around the fuji music, hip hop, high live, and local hip hops. The same thing applicable to Akwa Ibom people, Iquot, is one of the interesting instruments used by Akwa Ibom people in the music and dance, Iquot (Frog) is an instrument used in non-ritualistic orchestras to add colour to their ensemble. Other instrument are Xylophone, Uta (guard horns), ekpat obon, the Ekput, Ikon Ikpa, Ikpa Mboto, oduk, Ikon Eto (wooden xylophone) and Obodom (wooden drum), Ekere Nkwong and Akankan. Etc.

Hausa/fulani use traditional Guitar called Hoddu, Drum (talking drum included) - Mbaggu, One string Violin - Nianooru or Nyanyeeru, Calabash - Tuumbude, Bells worn on legs during Gerewol for Mbororo (some of you non-Mbororo Fulani probably don"t know what this is): Akayoore, Flute (3 ways to say it for Mbororo Fulani) - Ndandalu, Serredu, Odiiru, Luth that Hausa call Kontigi or Gurmi - Hoddu and Gimi finatawa or Seygalare or Mbawdi (Niran, 2013).

The effects of music on youth have more to do with environment than contents. According to the American Academy of Pediatrics, "adolescents" choice of music and their reactions to and interpretations of it vary with age, culture and ethnicity" adding that music is now part of life for youth. According to (video/music procon.org).
It is evident that music is synonymous with adolescents" culture. According to American Academy of Pediatrics (2010), music is an important part of growing up and "plays an important role in the socialization of children and adolescents." Study shows that music actually affects the mood of youth. Some studies have reported that adolescents use popular music to deal with loneliness and to take control of their emotional status or mood." Given this idea, music can affect whether a teen is violent or non violent. Today, parents are often unaware of the lyrics to which their children are listening because of the increasing use of downloaded music and headphone.

For the purpose of this study, the focus of this study is on Mori Iyanu by Tope Alabi, the music which dwelled on God praising as usual, it is very inspiring and educational. It helps people to attribute all that happen to God. She maintained that there is nothing God cannot do even where worst is expected; God can bring mercy into the matter.

1.2 Statement of the Problem

Nigerian music have been accused of been portrayal of foreign pattern of social life, in terms of dress, sex scenes, nudity, obscenity, vulgar language, curse, smoking, drinking hard drug. These styles are self-injurious in nature, and likely to affect the youths etc. Also, the failure by musical producers to make any strong comment against social ills is a short coming of the industry that shown illicit sex scenes in the video.

Similarly, lack of policy and laws to guard the youths make the issue worse as it left then to be brain washed and eroded culturally, morally and religion wise. However, music like Iyanu by Tope Alabi among other of her music is educational, interested, spiritual and pass moral values to people. It is against this background that the research appraise music as an instrument of promoting moral standard (A case study of Iyanu by Tope Alabi and Students of Osun State University with the view to know how much it has added moral values to the students of Osun State.

1.3 Objectives of the Study

The purpose of this study is to critically examine the influence of music as a tool for promoting moral (A case study of Iyanu by Tope Alabi and Students of Osun State University.

Specifically seeks to;

Ascertain whether students listen to musicals often.

Find out the mediums through which students listen to music.

Ascertain whether students listen Iyanu by Tope Alabi.

Ascertain whether Iyanu by Tope Alabi educate students.

Ascertain whether Iyanu by Tope Alabi inspire the moral life of students.

1.4 Research Questions

Do students listen to musicals often?

What are the mediums through which students listen to music?

Does students listen Iyanu by Tope Alabi?

Does Iyanu by Tope Alabi educate students?

Does Iyanu by Tope Alabi inspire the moral life of students?

1.5 Research Hypotheses

The following hypotheses will be tested in the study:

Ho: The music Iyanu by Tope Alabi does not promote students moral life.

Ha: The music Iyanu by Tope Alabi promotes students moral life.

1.6 Significance of the Study

The study will help to appreciate the important of music especially good music in the society and how it can add values to the moral values in the society.

It will help remove the idea of imitating Western cultures or ways of life among Nigerians especially students who prefer foreign ideologies to Nigeria or anything black.

The conduct of this research will enable the government to know what role the media can play in the development of a country and therefore, harness the mass media especially Tv in the democratic process and development process in general.

Government through its agencies such as National Broadcasting Commission (NBC), Broadcasting Organisation of Nigeria (BON), Nigerian Communication Satellite (NIGCOMSAT) that are saddled with the responsibility to ensure fairness and policing of media should put adequate measures in place to check the movement of foreign television programmes into Nigeria.

1.7 Scope of the Study

The study which investigated the influence of music as a tool for promoting moral with a specific focus on Iyanu by Tope Alabi on Students has been narrowed in scope to the students of Osun State University, Osogbo since all Nigerian students cannot be studied. Other factors for selecting UNIOSUN include its proximity to the researcher while such cable television influence is noticed among the students of UNIOSUN.

1.8 Limitations of the Study

In the course of carrying out this study, the researcher experienced some constraints, which included time constraints, financial constraints, language barriers, and the attitude of the respondents. However, the researcher were able to manage these just to ensure the success of this study.

Moreover, the case study method utilized in the study posed some challenges to the investigator including the possibility of biases and poor judgment of issues. However, the investigator relied on respect for the general principles of procedures, justice, fairness, objectivity in observation and recording, and weighing of evidence to overcome the challenges.

1.9 Definitions of Terms.

Appraisal:

It means to critically look into how music be used as instrument for moral standards.

Music as an Instrument:

It entails music as tools for promoting moral values among students in Osun State University, Osogbo

Promoting Moral Standard:

This means how music can be used to promote and enhance moral values among students.

1.10 Organization of the Studies

The study is categorized into five chapters. The first chapter presents the background of the study, statement of the problem, objective of the study, research questions and hypothesis, the significance of the study, scope/limitations of the study, and definition of terms. The chapter two covers the review of literature with emphasis on conceptual framework, theoretical framework, and empirical review. Likewise, the chapter three which is the research methodology, specifically covers the research design, population of the study, sample size determination, sample size, and selection technique and procedure, research instrument and administration, method of data collection, method of data analysis, validity and reliability of the study, and ethical consideration. The second to last chapter being the chapter four presents the data presentation and analysis, while the last chapter(chapter five) contains the summary, conclusion and recommendation.

Title Page

Certification

Dedication

Acknowledgement

Table of Content

List of Tables

Abstract

Chapter One:

Introduction

1.1 Background of the Study

1.2 Statement of the Problem

1.3 Objective of the Study

1.4 Research Questions

1.5 Research Hypothesis

1.6 Significance of the Study

1.7 Scope of the Study

1.8 Limitation of the Study

1.9 Definition of Terms

1.10 Organisations of the Study

Chapter Two:

Review of Literature

2.1 Conceptual Framework

2.2 Theoretical Framework

2.3 Empirical Review

Chapter Three:

Research Methodology

3.1 Research Design

3.2 Population of the Study

3.3 Sample Size Determination

3.4 Sample Size Selection Technique and Procedure

3.5 Research Instrument and Administration

3.6 Method of Data Collection

3.7 Method of Data Analysis

3.8 Validity of the Study

3.9 Reliability of the Study

3.10 Ethical Consideration

Chapter Four:

Data Presentation and Analysis

4.1 Data Presentation

4.2 Analysis of Data

4.3 Answering Research Questions

4.4 Test of Hypotheses

Chapter Five:

Summary, Conclusion and Recommendation

5.1 Summary

5.2 Conclusion

5.3 Recommendation

References

APPENDIX

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