Arduino Based Automatic Light Controller For Smart Home

ABSTRACT

Automatic Room Light Controller Using PIR Sensor can be used to turn ON and OFF the lighting system of home routinely by sensing the existence of human. Such Automatic Room Lights systems can be implemented in your Classrooms, faculty cabins, garages, staircases, bathrooms, etc. where we do not need constant light but only when individuals are existing. Also, with the assistance of this system, we can save the energy bill as power will be consumed only when human is present i.e. when required lights will be spontaneously turned ON or OFF. This paper proposed system of Automatic room light controller using arduino, PIR sensor and relay. PIR sensor will spot the human activity and based on response of PIR sensor unit will control the switching action. Proposed method can help us to reduce the consumption of electricity.

CHAPTER ONE

• INTRODUCTION

1.1                                           BACKGROUND OF THE STUDY

Scientific discoveries delivered us luxury and comforts. Technology has become vital and essential part of our lives. Tremendous advancement in technology is succeeded in last few years. Electrical energy has become an crucial part of human life. In recent years the people are looking forward for the automation in their day to day life, and even now the people are excited to save energy consumed to reduce the expenditures. People are becoming lazy to switch off the lights while leaving the room, so the large amount of energy is wasted if the light is remain ON in the absence of human being. Generally, in public and private sector companies, offices, school and colleges most of the people are not interested to switch OFF the electronic machines like fan, light, etc., while going out of the room [Mahesh, 2019].

As more and more consumer electronic and home appliances are used, the size of them is becoming large; power consumption in home area tends to grow. Moreover, unusable power consumption occurs in the absence of human being in public and private sectors.

Using the automation in switching the home or office lighting system, the consumption of electricity can be comprehensively reduce which will in turn save the money of the owner. Now the people are looking forward for automation in their daily life. The people are trying to reduce human efforts.

By using suggested system wastage of electricity can be reduced as electrical appliance will be automatically turned ON or OFF based on the presence of the human being with the help of PIR sensor [Mahesh, 2019], while departure no need to turn off the appliances or while arriving in your cabin no need to turn on the electrical appliances. This is the main enhancement of the projected system.

The main parts of the proposed system are arduino microcontroller, ac bulb, PIR Sensor and the Relay. This system can be considered as a major application of PIR sensors.

1.2                                                  PROBLEM STATEMENT

This device came to solve the problem associated with manual control of a room light which involves labour, time wasting and waste of electrical energy. This device automatically controls the room light by turning it ON when someone enter the room and automatically turns it off when no one is inside the room.

1.4                                   AIM AND OBJECTIVE OF THE PROJECT

The main aim of this project is to make a controller which can sense if any person enters the room and it lights up the room and switches OFF the light automatically when no one is inside using arduino microcontroller and PIR. The objectives of the work are:

1. To conserve energy
2. Reduce electric bill

• to replace human labour

1.5                                         SIGNIFICANCE OF THE PROJECT

This project is not limited to a specific application or a specific operating environment, but it can be easily implemented wherever such an application is needed. This circuit uses a which ensures the flexibility of the circuit, due to which this circuit can easily be integrated or assembled with other modules or circuits where ever required. All the components required are readily available in the market and the circuit is easy to build. The significant feature of this project is that it detects human. If we consider an office or a conference hall or any other room, we need to turn on the lights whenever anybody enters the room. This is true even in the day time at some places like conference halls or offices where a good brightness levels are desired. Also, the lights should be turned off by the last person leaving the room [Camenzind, 2016] .

1.6                                           LIMITATION OF THE PROJECT

As we all know that no human effort to achieve a set of goals goes without difficulties, certain constraints were encountered in the course of carrying out this project and they are as follows:-

1. Difficulty in information collection: I found it too difficult in laying hands of useful information regarding this work and this course me to visit different libraries and internet for solution.

Difficulty in parts gathering: I found it too difficult when gathering electronics parts used for the prototype.

1.7                                                 SCOPE OF THE PROJECT

This work composes of PIR sensor, arduino, relay module and ac lamp which made up the complete system. Automatic Room Lights using PIR Sensor is to be used where the lights in the room will automatically turn ON and OFF by detecting the presence of a human. This Automatic Room Lights can be implemented in your garages, staircases, bathrooms, etc. where we do not need continuous light but only when we are present

1.8                                         APPLICATIONS OF THE PROJECT

This device can be used in places like:

• Garage Lights
• Bathroom Lights
• Hand Dryers
• Toilet Flushers
• Security Lights

1.9                                                        METHODOLOGY

To achieve the aim and objectives of this work, the following are the steps involved:

1. Study of the previous work on the project so as to improve it efficiency.
2. Draw a block diagram.

• Test for continuity of components and devices,

1. Design of the system was carried out.
2. Studying of various component used in circuit.
3. Construct of the system circuit.

• Finally, the whole device was cased and final test was carried out.

1.10                                      PROJECT WORK ORGANISATION

The various stages involved in the development of this project have been properly put into five chapters to enhance comprehensive and concise reading. In this project thesis, the project is organized sequentially as follows:

Chapter one of this work is on the introduction to the study. In this chapter, the background, significance, objective limitation and problem of the study were discussed.

Chapter two is on literature review of this study. In this chapter, all the literature pertaining to this work was reviewed.

Chapter three is on design methodology. In this chapter all the method involved during the design and construction were discussed.

Chapter four is on testing analysis. All testing that result accurate functionality was analyzed.

Chapter five is on conclusion, recommendation and references