Design And Construction Of A 6V Rechargeable Torch Light

ABSTRACT

Since the invention of electricity by Michael faraday, Man has been so used to electricity that he cannot do without it. The absence of electricity causes a lot of sadness in our daily lives. Due to this reason I decided to work on a by rechargeable torch light as my project.

Researchable torch light is a source of light that is generated from a D.C sources of supply this D.C sources is a battery that can also be recharged when its current and voltage used

It also serves as an emergency source of light mostly when there is failure from our public power supply (P.H.C.N). The project is to see how one can construct a source of high without really generating is from an A.C source.

This project uses a 6v rechargeable battery to generate light which is very useful to man both at home and otherwise. It is a stem that is very portable and very effective mostly used after it has been charged.

This torch light operates on rechargeable batteries which can be recharged, with the adaptors included, whether at home or while on the move by car. The 12 LED’s provide excellent levels of lighting to 40 lumens and up to 20 hours operating time on full charger making it an ideal camping companion.

TABLE OF CONTENT
TITLE PAGE
APPROVAL PAGE
DEDICATION
ACKNOWLEDGEMENT
ABSTRACT

CHAPTER ONE
INTRODUCTION
1.1     BACKGROUND OF THE PROJECT
1.2     PROBLEM STATEMENT
1.3     AIM AND OBJECTIVES OF THE PROJECT
1.4     SIGNIFICANCE OF THE PROJECT
1.5     LIMITATION OF THE PROJECT
1.6     APPLICATION OF THE PROJECT
1.7     ADVANTAGES OF THE PROJECT
1.8     SCOPE OF THE PROJECT
1.9      RESEARCH HYPOTHESIS
1.10   PROJECT ORGANISATION

CHAPTER TWO
LITERATURE REVIEW 
2.1     HISTORICAL BACKGROUND OF THE PROJECT
2.2     THEORIES AND MODEL RELEVANT TO THE DESIGN
2.3     SYSTEM COMPONENT DESCRIPTION

2.4     ADVANTAGES OF RECHARGEABLE TORCH LIGHT

2.5      BENEFITS OF ENERGY LIGHTBULBS IN RECHARGEABLE TORCH LIGHT

2.6      ADVANTAGES OF RECHARGEABLE TORCH LIGHT

CHAPTER THREE
METHODOLOGY
3.1 DESCRIPTION OF THE SYSTEM BUILDING BLOCKS
3.3 CIRCUIT DIAGRAM
3.4 OPERATION PRINCIPLE OF THE SYSTEM
3.4 CIRCUIT DESCRIPTION
3.5 COMPONENT LIST
3.6 COMPLETE CIRCUIT DIAGRAM OF THE SYSTEM

CHAPTER FOUR 
4.0 RESULT ANALYSIS
4.1 CONSTRUCTION PROCEDURE AND TESTING ANALYSIS
4.2 CASING AND PACKAGING
4.3 ASSEMBLING OF SECTIONS
4.4 TESTING OF SYSTEM OPERATION
4.5 INSTALLATION OF THE COMPLETED DESIGN
CHAPTER FIVE 
5.1 COST ANALYSIS
5.2 PROBLEMS ENCOUNTERED
5.3 RECOMMENDATION AND CONCLUSION
5.4 REFERENCES

CHAPTER

1.1                                          INTRODUCTION

A 6v rechargeable torch light is a portable lighting device that is used to illuminate broad areas. Torch light may also be used for signaling, as lantern, or as general light sources outdoors. Low light level varieties are used for decoration. The term ” torch light ” is also used more generically to mean a light source, or the enclosure for a light source.

Rechargeable lights are very useful electrical gadgets and are quite popular, too. During a power failure these portable lights are able to instantly illuminate through battery backup and never allow us to stumble in the darkness. Although you will find a variety of them in different shapes and sizes in the market, but building your own emergency light at home can be a totally different experience. It will not only help you to create a quality design but also will acquaint you to the technical aspects of the unit. Besides, you also get an opportunity to customize the circuit as per your own needs.

1.2                                                                           PROBLEM STATEMENT

In the last decade candle stick and kerosene or gas lantern were used as a source of light for mankind but the problem of using candle are numerous such as it cost effective, weighty, convenient and unsafe to environment and human health. Because of these disadvantages led to the invention of rechargeable torch light. Rechargeable torch light has many advantages over candle stick, kerosene or gas lantern:

1. Compared to a gas lantern, a rechargeable torch light is light as a feather. Gas lanterns are typically made of glass and have metal canisters that add weight that rechargeable torch lights are able to eliminate. The lighter the weight of the lantern the more versatile it can be, whether it be to light up the card table or take it for your bathroom break.
2. With the variety of lanterns like liquid fuel, gas, or even candle, a rechargeable torch light is an alternative that offers ease of use. All you have to do it switch it on and light is available. This saves you from having to remember to bring other items on the trip like gas to fuel the lantern or matches to light the candle. If you happen to have kids joining you on a camping trip, spoiler alert: they will more than likely drop a gas lantern and break the glass. Skip to the good part and allow them to carry a rechargeable torch light without worry.
3. Torch light with flames always come with a small risk of causing a fire, but rechargeable torch light don’t require a babysitter. By avoiding a kerosene powered lantern, you can eliminate potential fumes.
4. Rechargeable torch light can be charged via AC plug, DC plug, dynamo crank function, or with solar panels.

 1.3                  AIM AND OBJECTIVES OF THE PROJECT

The main aim of this work is to build a lighting gadget that can be recharged directly from ac mains which later used whenever there is power outage during the night. The objectives of the work are:

1. The build the system prototype
2. To ensure that our environment is illuminated

• To have an emergency lighting system

1.4                          SIGNIFICANCE OF THE PROJECT

This product was designed to create convenience to users as it is small in terms of size, and thus is easy for customers to bring it anywhere they go and need not worry about not being able to ‘lightup’ during the dark. Besides that, replacing normal light bulbs with LEDs can definitely increase the lifespan of this rechargeable torch light. In short, the rechargeable torch light is a small yet convenient tool for people from all walks of life as it is user and environmental friendly. It is also most suitable for those who often work at night or in dark areas, or even to be used at homes in case of blackouts.

1.5                 SCOPE AND LIMITATION OF THE PROJECT

The scope of this work covers of the construction of a rechargeable torch light using LED. It operates with 6v battery and 12 LEDs that provide excellent levels of lighting to 40 lumens and up to 20 hours operating time on full charger making it an ideal camping companion.

This system charges when there is power supply, the energy is stored in a rechargeable battery which is to be used when there is power outage. The lasting of the stored energy depends on the capacity of the rechargeable battery.

The device is powered directly to ac mains, and can easily get burnt when high voltage is experienced in the mains if it is not properly regulated.

1.6                           APPLICATION OF THE PROJECT

Rechargeable torch light is used in many places such as:

• In school library, hall and labs
• Churches
• Workshop
• Homes, etc

All for the purpose of illuminating of such environment. They highly choose because of its simplicity and safety, that is, it can be charged, hanged, and continues with your adventures into the night.

1.8                                                 RESEARCH HYPOTHESIS

H₁: There is a significant relationship between rechargeable torch light and LEDs

Research Questions

1. What is the importance of rechargeable torch light in a building?
2. Is there any disadvantage of using rechargeable torch light?

• What is the operating principle of a rechargeable torch light?

CHAPTER FIVE

5.1                                           SUMMARY

Having carefully selected the entire component that are required for the construction of the lantern and built according to the circuit diagram we were able to design and construct a workable rechargeable torch light.

As with any lantern it must be housed in a clean environment and operations should be by will trained individual.

Protective materials should be worn while constructing the project to avoid electric shock.

5.2                                                CONCLUSION

In the implementation of this project what has proved most difficulties is the selection of the right value of components some were using two diode (the marine value), in order to have a perfect full wave rectification, we made use of four diodes and the and a functional portable battery is been designed and constructed.

5.3                                    RECOMMENDATION

This project is designed to be used in our homes, offices and industries or wherever there is need for illumination weather during the day or night hours. And should be used and maintain by a qualified personnel.