Design And Construction Of A Sensitive Clap Activated Switch

ABSTRACT

Sensitive Clap activated switch is an electronics device that can switch on & off a light, Fan, Radio or any other appliance by the sound of clap.

This is the system of a very sensitive clap switch. It switches ON/OFF a White LED or electrical appliances through claps. The circuit can sense the sound of claps from a distance of 1-2 meters. Condenser Mic picks up sound vibrations caused by the clap.

These sound vibrations are given to the inverting input (pin2) of IC1. It amplifies the sound collected by the Mic.

Resistor R2, R3 and variable resistor VR1 adjust the sensitivity of the amplifier. Resistor R1 set the sensitivity of Mic. The amplified output pulses from IC1 passes to the input of IC2 (CD 4017). Resistor R4 keeps the input (pin14) of IC2 low so as to prevent false triggering.

IC2 is a decade counter IC which is wired as a toggle switch. That its outputs 1 and 2 (pins 2 and 3) becomes high and low when the input pin14 receives pulses. Pin4 (output4) is connected to the reset pin15 so that further counting will be inhibited.

TABLE OF CONTENTS

COVER PAGE

TITLE PAGE

APPROVAL PAGE

DEDICATION

ACKNOWELDGEMENT

ABSTRACT

CHAPTER ONE

1.0      INTRODUCTION

1.1      BACKGROUND OF THE PROJECT

• PROBLEM STATEMENT
• PROJECT MOTIVATION
• AIM / OBJECTIVE OF THE PROJECT
• SCOPE OF THE PROJECT
• SIGNIFICANCE OF THE PROJECT
• ADVANTAGES OF THE PROJECT
• APPLICATION OF THE PROJECT
• METHODOLOGY
• PROJECT ORGANISATION

CHAPTER TWO

LITERATURE REVIEW

• REVIEW OF VOICE COMMAND DEVICE
• OVERVIEW OF CLAPPING
• REVIEW OF MAJOR COMPONENTS USED

CHAPTER THREE

3.0     CONSTRUCTION METHODOLOGY

3.1     BLOCK DIAGRAM

3.3      CIRCUIT DIAGRAM

3.4      SYSTEM OPERATION

3.5      CIRCUIT DESCRIPTION

3.6      12V REGULATED POWER SUPPLY

CHAPTER FOUR

TEST AND RESULT ANALYSIS

• CONSTRUCTION PROCEDURE
• CASING AND PACKAGING
• TESTING OF SYSTEM OPERATION
• CONSTRUCTION TESTING PROCEDURE
• MAINTENANCE OF THE SYSTEM

CHAPTER FIVE

5.0      CONCLUSION, RECOMMENDATION AND REFERENCES

• CONCLUSION
• RECOMMENDATION
• REFERENCES

CHAPTER ONE

1.0                                                        INTRODUCTION

• PROJECT BACKGROUND

In the present modern world, switching circuits have become an indispensible part of our life. Right from your mobile phone to the various security systems, they can be seen everywhere. Even the horn of your motor car is a kind of switch used to warn people and vehicles in front of its presence. The sole purpose of an switch is to activate or deactivate a device. They may be in the form of a visual indicator, for example a flashing light, but switching circuit in the form of an audible tone or siren is more widely accepted as it is able to wake up even the unaware and the oblivious.

This work is on sound activated switch. Clap activation or deactivation switching is all about automating real life devices using clap signals.

The word “switch” is a very common name found in almost all aspects electrical/electronic engineering. Switches can be found in information technology computers, telecommunications, power electronics, power systems, instrumentation etc.

They have been defined by various people or organizations in different ways. Some of the definitions of switches are listed below;

• As a device that is used to break or stop the flow of charges in a circuit.
• As a device used to connect two or more computers together
• A device used to interrupt the flow of electrons in a circuit.

All the above definitions are correct, but for this project we are going to define a switch as a device which can be used to control the action of an electrical load, by allowing or obstructing the flow of the electrical signal sent it.

• STATEMENT OF THE PROBLEM

• In the industries like the petroleum or chemical industries, some production processes have been started or stopped due to accidental switching of machinery leading to injury or death. This can cause financial strain on a company.
• In the radioactive process, manual switching poses great health hazards to the operator due to the side effects of exposure to the radioactive elements.
• Manual switching is an uphill task for the disabled and the aged due to movement constraints.
• Sometimes, we are victims of electric shocks from our devices when we try to switch them ON/OFF due to leaking currents from the electric switches.
  • PROJECT MOTIVATION

The motivation of this project is to fulfil the following;

• To eliminate the stress in walking from end to end, or room to room of a building to switch devices ON/OFF.
• The provision of remote switching helps to safe guard operators and equipment.
• To ensure a reliable and safe method of switching domestic and industrial devices.

• OBJECTIVE OF STUDY

The objective of this project is to construct a device which can be switched on and off using clap signals.

1.5                                                         SCOPE OF THE PROJECT

The scope of this work is defined by the following points

1. The switching interface in this project is of the general purpose type as it is not restricted to only one type of load.
2. The clap signal accepted by the computer, will not be limited to just one person.

III.      It will not be limited to low voltage, low current AC/DC applications of 240V maximum operating voltage.

1. The type of control this project employs is the simple ON/OFF control of devices

1.6                                       SIGNIFICANCE OF PROJECT

This project’s completion will be of great benefit to our ever demanding and developing society. Some of these benefits include;

1. Accidental switching of devices will be reduced to a minimum in our industries and homes.
2. Walking from point to point to switch switches will be a thing of the past.

III.      This project will possess the LOCK and UNLOCK functions, which will prevent unintentional switching any time the user wishes

1. Our industries and homes will become friendlier to disabled people.

1.7                                      ADVANTAGES OF THE PROJECT

1. Energy efficient
   2. Low cost and reliable circuit
   3. Complete elimination of manpower
   4. High Accuracy

1.8                                    APPLICATIONS OF THE PROJECT

The major advantage of a clap switch is that you can turn something (e.g a lamp) on and off from any location in the room (e.g while lying in bed) simply by clapping your hands.

The primary application involves an elderly or mobility- impaired person. A clap switch is generally used for a light, television, radio or similar electronic device that the person will want to turn on/off from bed.

1.9                                         METHODOLOGY

To achieve the aim and objectives of this work, the following are the steps involved:

1. Study of the previous work on the project so as to improve it efficiency.
2. Draw a block diagram.

• Test for continuity of components and devices,

1. Design and calculation for the device was carried out.
2. Studying of various component used in circuit.
3. Construction of the circuit was carried out.

• Finally, the whole device was cased and final test was carried out.

1.10                                                      PROJECT ORGANISATION

The work is organized as follows: chapter one discuses the introductory part of the work, chapter two presents the literature review of the study, chapter three describes the methods applied, chapter four discusses the results of the work, chapter five summarizes the research outcomes and the recommendations.