Design And Construction Of A Sound Operated Timer

ABSTRACT

This project is titled design and construction of sound operated timer. Sound activated switch is an electrical device that allows appliances and products to be turned on and off from sound. The most important feature of the sound activated switch is its small microphone. The microphone detects sound, such as laughs, slamming doors, and claps of hands. The sound is changed into electrical waves. The electrical waves are magnified by a transistor. The transistor feeds the amplified sound to an amplifier circuit.

This sound operated timer is based on LM324 quad-operational amplifier and NE555 timer. Time delay can be set from a few seconds to 30 minutes. It can also be used as a sound sensitive burglar alarm.

TABLE OF CONTENTS

TITLE PAGE

APPROVAL PAGE

DEDICATION

ACKNOWLEDGEMENT

ABSTRACT

TABLE OF CONTENT

CHAPTER ONE

1.0     INTRODUCTION

1.1     APPLICATION OF SOUND ACTIVATED SWITCH

1.2     OBJECTIVE OF THE STUDY

1.3     SIGNIFICANCE OF THE STUDY

1.4     AIM OF THE PROJECT

1.5     PURPOSE OF THE PROJECT

1.6     LIMITATION OF THE PROJECT

1.7     SCOPE OF THE PROJECT

1.8     PROJECT MOTIVATION

CHAPTER TWO

2.0     LITERATURE REVIEW

2.1      REVIEW OF RELATED STUDIES

2.2      REVIEW OF RELATED TERMS

CHAPTER THREE

3.0     CONSTRUCTION METHODOLOGY

3.1      SYSTEM CIRCUIT DIAGRAM

3.2     SYSTEM OPERATION

3.3      CIRCUIT DESCRIPTION

3.4      SYSTEM CIRCUIT DIAGRAM

3.5      CIRCUIT OPERATION

3.6      IMPORTANCE AND FUNCTION OF THE MAJOR COMPONENTS USED IN THIS CIRCUIT

3.7      POWER SUPPLY UNIT

CHAPTER FOUR

RESULT ANALYSIS

4.0      CONSTRUCTION PROCEDURE AND TESTING

4.1      CASING AND PACKAGING

4.2      ASSEMBLING OF SECTIONS

4.3      TESTING

4.4.1 PRE-IMPLEMENTATION TESTING

4.4.2  POST-IMPLEMENTATION TESTING

4.5      RESULT

4.6      COST ANALYSIS

4.7      PROBLEM ENCOUNTERED

CHAPTER FIVE

5.1      CONCLUSION

5.2      RECOMMENDATION

5.3      REFERENCES

CHAPTER ONE

1.0                                        INTRODUCTION

With this sound activated switch, control by sound may be very useful, not just on a robot but also for a bit of home automation, for example a sound-activated light responding to a knock on the door or a hand clap. The light will be automatically switched off when the sound is repeated.

Sound activated switch is an electrical device that allows appliances and products to be turned on and off from sound. The most important feature of the sound activated switch is its small microphone. The microphone detects sound, such as laughs, slamming doors, and claps of hands. The sound is changed into electrical waves. The electrical waves are magnified by a transistor. The transistor feeds the amplified sound to a flip-flop circuit. The flip-flop reverses the output and feeds another amplified circuit. The amplified circuit is connected to a relay contact which acts as a mechanical switch. The relay can be connected to an electric device to make the device turn on and off by the clap of hands or a similar sound.

• OBJECTIVE OF THE STUDY

The objective of this project is to design and construct a sound activating switch that can be used to control either a lamp or an alarm or any other load.

Want to build a simple sound switch circuit that will toggle any load in response to your claps. The article is meant exactly for the said purpose. A small sound activated switch circuit comprising a sound amplifier and a flip flop is presented here, which can be easily built and used to toggle any electrical gadget through hand claps.

1.2        SIGNIFICANCE OF STUDY

This study exposes me to the function of a microphone such as that microphone converts the pressure waves caused by sound into vibrations within a coil which transforms the vibrations into electric signals.

This work also exposed me to application of transistor such as using transistor as a switch and also application of a relay such as relay is also used as a switch as well to control load.

Finally, this work mostly exposed me to how to construct this system and also exposed me to know the applications of the system such as: homes, sound activated switch is as used to control a lamp in our rooms and environs.

In industries, sound activated switch is used to control an alarm and time of danger when the security of any place in industries is needed, and also used to monitor intruders in any given environment by activating an alarm when the noise of the intruder gets to the microphone of the system.

1.3                   APPLICATION OF SOUND ACTIVATED          SWITCH

Sound activated switch has many applications both in homes and industries. In homes, sound activated switch is as used to control a lamp in our rooms and environs.

In industries, sound activated switch is used to control an alarm and time of danger when the security of any place in industries is needed, and also used to monitor intruders in any given environment by activating an alarm when the noise of the intruder gets to the microphone of the system. It can be used to switch on/off any electrical appliances.

1.4                                       STATEMENT OF THE PROBLEM

• In the industries like the petroleum or chemical industries, some production processes have been started or stopped due to accidental switching of machinery leading to injury or death. This can cause financial strain on a company.
• In the radioactive process, manual switching poses great health hazards to the operator due to the side effects of exposure to the radioactive elements.
• Manual switching is an uphill task for the disabled and the aged due to movement constraints.
• Sometimes, we are victims of electric shocks from our devices when we try to switch them ON/OFF due to leaking currents from the electric switches.

1.5                      PROJECT MOTIVATION

The motivation of this project is to fulfil the following;

• To eliminate the stress in walking from end to end, or room to room of a building to switch devices ON/OFF.
• The provision of remote switching helps to safe guard operators and equipment.
• To ensure a reliable and safe method of switching domestic and industrial devices.

1.5                                                          SCOPE

The scope of this work is defined by the following points

1. The switching interface in this project is of the general purpose type as it is not restricted to only one type of load.
2. The clap signal accepted by the computer, will not be limited to just one person.

III.      It will not be limited to low voltage, low current AC/DC applications of 240V maximum operating voltage.

1. The type of control this project employs is the simple ON/OFF control of devices