Design And Construction Of A Wireless Switch Circuit Using CD4027 IC

ABSTRACT

Generally appliances that we used in our home are being controlled with the help of devices like switches, sensors. However sometimes it is dangerous to have physical contact with these switches, especially when our bodies are wet which can cause electrocution. So to overcome these dangers, here we have explained a circuit that needs no physical contact with the appliance. In these circuits all you  need is to pass your hand  above LDR. As you first pass your hand over LDR the device connected with  it started and remain in that state till you again pass your hand above LDR.

TABLE OF CONTENTS

 TITLE PAGE

APPROVAL PAGE

DEDICATION

ACKNOWLEDGEMENT

ABSTRACT

TABLE OF CONTENT

CHAPTER ONE

• INTRODUCTION
• BACKGROUND OF THE PROJECT
• OBJECTIVE OF THE PROJECT
• SCOPE OF THE PROJECT
• SIGNIFICANCE OF THE PROJECT
• LIMITATION/ PROBLEM OF THE PROJECT
• APPLICATIONS OF THE PROJECT
• PROJECT ORGANISATION

 CHAPTER TWO

2.0      LITERATURE REVIEW
2.1      OVERVIEW  OF THE ELECTRICAL SWITCH

2.2      USES OF WIRELESS TECHNOLOGIES

2.3      FUTURE OF WIRELESS TECHNOLOGIES

CHAPTER THREE

3.0       DESIGN METHODOLOGY

3.1      SYSTEM BLOCK DIAGRAM

3.2     SYSTEM OPERATION 

3.3     SYSTEM WORKING PRINCIPLE

3.4    SYSTEM CIRCUIT DIAGRAM

3.5    ELECTRONIC COMPONENTS

CHAPTER FOUR

4.0     RESULT ANALYSIS

4.1      CONSTRUCTION PROCEDURE AND TESTING ANALYSIS

4.2     CASING AND PACKAGING

4.3      ASSEMBLING OF SECTIONS

4.4     TESTING OF SYSTEM OPERATION

CHAPTER FIVE

5.1      CONCLUSIONS

5.2      REFERENCES

3.3     RECOMMENDATION

CHAPTER ONE

1.0                                                        INTRODUCTION

A wireless light switch is a light switch that commands a light or home appliance to turn itself off or on, instead of interrupting the power line going to the light fixture. This can be done Using the existing power lines; A receiver is plugged into an outlet and a device is then plugged into the receiver. The plug-in receiver is then programmed to the switches. Some devices are hard wired into ceiling light fittings, making for a hidden system.

However, this work is wireless light switch which is the modification of wired light switch. Wireless light switch systems that do not require wall wiring have become popular. The wireless light switch contains a built-in LDR sensor powered by a battery. In these circuits all you  need is to pass your hand  above LDR. As you first pass your hand over LDR the device connected with  it started , it activates a relay or load and remain in that state till you again pass your hand above LDR.

1.1                                         BACKGROUND OF THE PROJECT

Today the traditional wired type of switches are gradually getting obsolete and are being replaced by the advanced wireless type of switches that are easier to install due to their hassle free set-ups.

Wireless switch systems have become an increasingly popular option for persons wishing either to replace their current switch system or to add additional doorbells at their place of business or residence. A typical wireless switch system generally comprises at least one LDR senor powered by a battery or other power source, such as existing electrical wiring, and a LDR sensor. In this work, when the user pass his/her  hand  above LDR. The LDR and the device connected with  it started and remain in that state and it activates a relay or load till you again pass your hand above LDR.

1.2                                          OBJECTIVE OF THE PROJECT

The main objectives are – to control a switch by passing a hand above LDR without touching the switch. That is, to control an ac lamp without making any physical contact with the switch or the device.

1.3                                                 SCOPE OF THE PROJECT

Wireless switch systems which employ light dependent resistor (LDR), op-amp, and jk flip flop ic (CD4027). These circuits are mainly depending on two ICs. First one is LM714 which is an operational amplifier. These IC is used to increase the voltage level at the output hundred  of a thousand times as compared with  the input. Another one is most generally used JK flip flop i.e. CD4027. These IC works in toggle mode and based on the JK flip flop master slave concept. This IC is used to alter the state when the signal is given to the any one of the input terminals and can get more  than single output.

1.4                                         SIGNIFICANCE OF THE PROJECT

A wireless switch does not have wires that hassle the installation. Installation is now simple. Installing the wireless switch is as easy as removing the installed wired switch and putting on batteries on the wireless switch and placing it to its location. Also, the wireless switch is portable; it can be moved wherever the homeowners like it to be placed. This would be very helpful for future remodeling or refurnishing of the house. Wireless switch is more versatile over Wired switch.

1.5                                LIMITATION/ PROBLEM OF THE PROJECT

• The problem of this device is that it can experience false triggering. Apart from using hand across the sensor, when any other opaque object passes across the sensor it triggers.
• Another problem of this device is that it can only be easily operated by people that have knowledge of it.

1.6                                          APPLICATION OF THE PROJECT

The main purpose of using this device in any place is for controlling the ON and OFF of AC lamps. This device can be used in the following places:

1. Homes
2. Church
3. Offices
4. Industries, etc.

1.7                                        PROJECT WORK ORGANISATION

The various stages involved in the development of this project have been properly put into five chapters to enhance comprehensive and concise reading. In this project thesis, the project is organized sequentially as follows:

Chapter one of this work is on the introduction to the study. In this chapter, the background, significance, application, objective limitation and problem of the study were discussed.

Chapter two is on literature review of this study. In this chapter, all the literature pertaining to this work was reviewed.

Chapter three is on design methodology. In this chapter all the method involved during the design and construction were discussed.

Chapter four is on testing analysis. All testing that result accurate functionality was analyzed.

Chapter five is on conclusion, recommendation and references.