Design And Implementation Of A 4 KVA Transformer Trainer

ABSTRACT

The transformer trainer is an electrical instrument design in the electric power and machine laboratory used extensively to demonstrate the operation and performance of the single phase transformer. It allows easy setup on all laboratory exercises on transformer and to check the transformer efficiency and performance. In this paper, the design and implementation of a transformer trainer is presented. The transformer trainer was constructed and it aims is to incorporate the necessary measuring instrument used to determine the behaviour of a single phase transformer in one interconnection to become a single instrument for that specific purpose. It was constructed according to specification tested and found to give reliable results on test performed with higher efficiency.

TABLE OF CONTENTS

COVER PAGE

TITLE PAGE

APPROVAL PAGE

DEDICATION

ACKNOWLEDGEMENT

ABSTRACT

CHAPTER ONE

1.0      INTRODUCTION

• BACKGROUND OF THE PROJECT
• PROBLEM STATEMENT
• AIM OF THE PROJECT
• SIGNIFICANT OF THE PROJECT
• BENEFIT OF THE PROJECT
• PURPOSE OF THE PROJECT
• APPLICATION OF THE PROJECT
• METHODOLOGY
• PROJECT ORGANISATION

CHAPTER TWO

LITERATURE REVIEW

• OVERVIEW OF TRANSFORMER TRAINER
• HISTORICAL BACKGROUND OF TRANSFORMER
• CLASSIFICATION PARAMETERS OF TRANSFORMER
• REVIEW OF DIFFERENT TYPES OF TRANSFORMER
• OTHER TYPES OF TRANSFORMERS

CHAPTER THREE

METHODOLOGY

• MODELLING OF THE EVALUATED SYSTEM
• COMPONENT DESCRIPTION
• CIRCUIT DESIGN
• FRAME CONSTRUCTION

CHAPTER FOUR

4.0      RESULT ANALYSIS

• CONSTRUCTION PROCEDURE AND TESTING
• CASING AND PACKAGING
• ASSEMBLING OF SECTIONS
• TEST AND RESULTS
  • Transformer test

4.4.2    The open circuit test

4.4.3    short circuit test

• EFFICIENCY OF THE TRANSFORMER

CHAPTER FIVE

• CONCLUSION
• RECOMMENDATION
• REFERENCES

CHAPTER ONE

1.0                                            INTRODUCTION

1.1                               BACKGROUND OF THE STUDY

The transformer trainer is designed to simplify designing of analogue circuits. It contains most of the necessary test equipment needed to build and test these circuits. The transformer trainer is a set of trainer invented in place of the analogue trainer. It is a portable trainer designed to allow engineers to develop the skills required to connect a single phase transformer ac power network. The trainer is fault able in order to develop sound techniques for troubleshooting a single phase transformer banks. The analogue trainer whose output was normally displayed in a continuous variable physical quantity with fluctuations in data displayed but digital trainer is designed for the output data or reading gotten to displayed in discrete variable form [1] .

This realistic training device replicates the conditions and circumstances that an electrical worker encounters when making common power transformer trainer connections in the industry. A wide variety of activities can be performed, all at reduced voltages for safety [2].

In this design, the single-phase applications are provided. Using banana jacks and plugs, all ground connections, primary connections, and secondary connections are easily made.

All windings of the educational transformers connect to colour-coded shrouded sockets on the control panel. The educational transformers work at one volt each turn, so the no-load output voltages are the same as the number of secondary turns.

The control panel includes all the analogue and digital meters and transducers needed to measure electrical voltage, current and power for all transformer tests. Also included are selectable resistive, inductive and capacitive loads, which can connect in parallel, series, delta or star connection.

The training aid provides a safe, inexpensive, efficient, yet realistic alternative to paper-based learning without the danger of full-voltage field experience. The tutor is design to demonstrate on any single phase transformer provided that the test load current and voltage values do not exceed the current and voltage rating of the instruments to avoid being damage. The rating power of the trainer is 4KVA.

1.1                                     PROBLEM STATEMENT

It is very difficult and time taking to set up a model for studying and testing a transformer whenever the need arise. A trainer makes it easier and simple for student to carry out their studies. This device is importance in lab in any institution to offer students a high level education regarding.

1.2                                       AIM OF THE PROJECT

The main of this work is build a transformer trainer is a portable, hands-on trainer designed to allow students to develop the skills required to connect transformers. A hardware prototype of the transformer trainer kit has been developed and experimental results show that it is cost effective and efficient method.  Provide knowledge about components but also verify the theoreticalu knowledge of transformer circuits.  By the advent this system, the understanding level of transformer will increase rapidly and clearly.

1.3                             SIGNIFICANCE OF THE PROJECT

The system is a developed sound techniques for troubleshooting transformer banks. Eight trainer faults are available. The trainer is complete with a student laboratory manual written in a skill-building, performance-based format, allowing easy set-up of all laboratory exercises.

1.4                                  BENEFIT OF THE PROJECT

The trainer allows students to perform the following tasks:

1. Identify different types of transformers
2. Identify faulted transformers

• Test for proper no-load voltage

1. Simulate a burned-out transformer

1.5                                  PURPOSE OF THE PROJECT

The purpose of this work is to investigate the principles and operating characteristics of transformers. This includes all power supplies, instruments, load banks and interconnecting cables required.

1.6                             APPLICATION OF THE STUDY

This training module is only for academic use. Students will be the trainee only. All type of experiments is of academic level. Extension for further experiments is given where students and teachers may increase the quantity of experiments using bread board.

1.7                                         METHODOLOGY

In the course of carrying this study, numerous sources were used which most of them are by visiting libraries, consulting journal and news papers and online research which Google was the major source that was used.

1.8                                             PROJECT ORGANIZATION

The work is organized as follows: chapter one discuses the introductory part of the work,   chapter two presents the literature review of the study,  chapter three describes the methods applied, chapter four discusses the results of the work, chapter five summarizes the research outcomes and the recommendations.