Design And Implementation Of Electronics Substitution Board For Football

ABSTRACT

This work is on Electronic football substitution board. An Electronic football substitution board serves as an indicator of the substitution of players One-sided board has a display with LEDs in two lines, which compose four fields (2 red / 2 green), each 18 cm high and a 10cm wide. The lithium battery is integrated into the board seven segments provide energy lasts up to five hours. This device is designed using AT89C51 (8-bit micro controller), 7447 (BCD-to-7 segment decoder), 7-segment display and few other electronic components

TABLE OF CONTENTS

COVER PAGE

TITLE PAGE

APPROVAL PAGE

DEDICATION

ACKNOWLEDGEMENT

ABSTRACT

CHAPTER ONE

1.0      INTRODUCTION

1.1      BACKGROUND OF THE PROJECT

• AIM OF THE PROJECT
• OBJECTIVE OF THE PROJECT
• PURPOSE OF THE PROJECT
• SIGNIFICANCE OF THE PROJECT
• SCOPE OF THE PROJECT
• LIMITATION OF THE PROJECT
• APPLICATION OF THE PROJECT

CHAPTER TWO

LITERATURE REVIEW

• OVERVIEW OF THE STUDY
• HISTORICAL BACKGROUND OF FOOTBALL SUBSTITUTES
• SPORTS THAT ALLOW FREE SUBSTITUTION

CHAPTER THREE

3.0     CONSTRUCTION METHODOLOGY

3.2      BLOCK DIAGRAM OF THE SYSTEM

3.4      CIRCUIT DIAGRAM

3.5      CIRCUIT DESCRIPTION

3.6     PARTS LIST

3.7      DESCRIPTION OF COMPONENT USED

CHAPTER FOUR

4.0      TESTING AND RESULTS

• CONSTRUCTION PROCEDURE AND TESTING
• INSTALLATION OF THE COMPLET DESIGN
• ASSEMBLING OF SECTIONS
• TESTING OF SYSTEM OPERATION

CHAPTER FIVE

• CONCLUSION
• RECOMMENDATION
• REFERENCES

 CHAPTER ONE

1.1                                                        INTRODUCTION

In  football, a substitute is a player who is brought on to the pitch during a match in exchange for an existing player. Substitutions are generally made to replace a player who has become tired or injured, or who is performing poorly, or for tactical reasons (such as bringing a striker on in place of a defender). Unlike some sports (such as American football or ice hockey or Kabaddi), a player who has been substituted during a match may take no further part in it.

Most competitions only allow each team to make a maximum of three substitutions during a game, although more substitutions are often permitted in non-competitive fixtures such as friendlies. Allowing a fourth substitution in extra time is currently being trialed at several tournaments, including the 2016 Summer Olympic Games, the 2017 FIFA Confederations Cup and the 2017 CONCACAF Gold Cup final. A fourth substitute in extra time has been approved for use in the knockout rounds at the 2018 FIFA World Cup and the UEFA Champions League.^[6][7] Each team nominates a number of players (typically between five and seven, depending on the competition) who may be used as substitutes; these players typically sit in the technical area with the coaches, and are said to be “on the bench”. When the substitute enters the field of play it is said they have come on or have been brought on, while the player they are substituting is coming off or being brought off.

A player who is noted for frequently making appearances, or scoring important goals, as a substitute is often informally known as a “super sub”. This substitution is been carried using electronics board which makes it possible for people to visualized it from a distance. This board is called “electronics substitution board”.

Electronic football substitution board serves as an indicator of the substitution of players One-sided board has a display with LEDs in two lines, which compose four fields (2 red / 2 green), each 18 cm high and a 10cm wide. The lithium battery is integrated into the board seven segments provide energy lasts up to five hours.

• AIM/OBJECTIVE OF THE PROJECT

The main aim of this project is to design an electronic board that is used to display the incoming and outgoing substitute of football player.

1.2                                              PURPOSE OF THE PROJECT

The purpose of the project is to have a visualized and electronics means of displaying football substitutes.

1.3                                         SIGNIFICANCE OF THE PROJECT

This device is used in visualizing of numbers of players entering and exiting as substitutes in football (soccer) game. The electronic display provides a image of modernity as well as being more practical in its use than the traditional cards. Its luminosity attracts attention and is therefore useful for sponsor advertising. Other significances are as below:

1. Low cost and low maintenance.
2. Microcontroller based system thus programmed as per our wish
3. Simple and easily understandable circuit

1.4                                                 SCOPE OF THE PROJECT

This device provide a visual indication of ingoing and outgoing football substitutes. The INOUT DISPLAY/1 visualizes one number at a time. The two numbers, ingoing and outgoing, are however previously registered and then respectively visualized with the IN and OUT buttons.

1.5                                          LIMITATION OF THE PROJECT

• The numbers is visualised in: green FLASHING for the ingoing player and RED flashing for the outgoing player.
• The numbers are 28cm They are capable of visualizing figures from 0 to 99. They are formed with seven segment display that is clearly visible even in bright sunlight.
• An appropriate electronic control keeps the luminosity of the numbers constant as long as the battery still has some life.
• Two convenient handles, placed on the rear part, render the display easy to be lifted and carried.
• A strong membrane keyboard, with reaction to touch, is situated between the two handles, this permits easy and convenient control of the visualizer.
• Internal rechargeable lead battery: 5V 1.2A. When the battery is fully charged, about 30 visualisations of one minute’s duration can be carried out. Its average life is 5 years. It is easy to remove and substitute.
• Special attention has been paid to the maintenance of the efficiency of the battery. The equipment turns itself off automatically after a certain period of time during which no key has been pressed. However the battery is subject to its own auto-discharge, it is therefore necessary to re-charge it, at least every 9 months, even if it has not been in use.
• The BATTERY CHECK button allows a check of the charge level of the battery, indicating a value of 0 (flat) to 5 (fully charged).
• Dimensions and weight, with carrying case and battery charger included: 44 x 41 x 10cm – 4.3kg
• Four individual buttons switch to increase and decrease the score of two team.

1.6                                          APPLICATION OF THE PROJECT

Use it for Sunday league, 5-a-side football / soccer and other sports. It can also be used as a scoreboard. It can also be used for extra time display