Design Of Garbage Collection Robot Using Wireless Technology

ABSTRACT

This paper presents the design of garbage collection robot on using wireless Technology such as WI-FI application. The robot connected to solar panel. The user can control a robot via a program developed from web application based on MVC framework. The commands from user are sent via Wi-Fi router to ESP8266 for processing. By via wireless communication and collect the garbage for example like glass, bottles, papers and plastic, etc. Our project is divided into two main parts. We are designing a system that collects garbage automatically through line. For which we are designing an arena so that the machine will follow the specific path and also manually by using Arduino and WIFI. The machine can be controlled by software which will give command to the robotic jaw to collect the stationary waste. It also has the characteristic to get controlled by voice command which makes the robot to collect the garbage according to the given command.

CHAPTER ONE

1.0                                                            INTRODUCTION

1.1                                               BACKGROUND OF THE STUDY

In modern times, the world has become a very busy place. This is mainly due to the rapid increase in population as well as physical resources. Along with these   two   factors, there is another factor which has, in turn, increased at an alarmingly high rate, which is the amount of garbage being disposed. Waste management is the big issue globally and it needs serious attention. There is no proper management of waste and garbage in rural and urban area in Nigeria, which may cause threat to health security, hygiene, human safety and wild life safety.  As anyone would expect, this has become one of the major problems that not just our country, but the whole world, has come to face today. This dilemma is not limited to the towns and cities, but even in small villages, the collecting and disposing of garbage has become quite a head ache for the community. With respect to human health and hygiene, as well as the cleanliness of the environment, the effectiveness of garbage disposal is very important. Although the most common ways of disposing garbage are bins and bags, both these methods are implemented manually. This means that garbage disposal becomes a highly time-consuming and difficult process, and places such as schools, restaurants, hotels, offices, production plants are adversely affected. To overcome this possible catastrophe, an automated system, implemented with the use of electronics, introduced in such places, would prove to be highly efficient. It would get the job done easily, with minimal labour and hazards to health, as well as time and money being saved in the process. This idea was the base background for us to undertake this project. The thought of easing the task of collecting and disposing garbage was highly motivating, because we, as university students, are very much familiar with this unpleasant job. So that is where the foundation of our project was laid.

1.2                                                     PROBLEM STATEMENT

Presently the manual garbage collection system exists in most places, where human intervention is involved. Manual garbage collection and waste management is the good source to generate employment but there are some issues associated with it, like some time there is unavailability of manual labor for days such as in maintaining railway tracks. There is a big concern of human safety when harmful gases exist. This study was carried out to overcome problems associated with traditional method of garbage collection.

1.3                                      AIM AND OBJECTIVES OF THE PROJECT

The main aim of this work is to introduce a way in which garbage could be collected and disposed efficiently. The objectives are:

1. To analyze the problem of garbage disposal at a school, restaurant, office, hotel, production plant or any other suitable location
2. To design and develop a system for solving the problem.

• To test and maintain the implemented system.

1. To build a robot that is cost effective, superior to handle tasking conveniently, control capability, and operate environmentally friendly

1.4                                                     SCOPE OF THE PROJECT

The scope of this work is building a garbage collection robot. This device was built around Arduino UNO and LCD, Wireless Wi-Fi ESP8266 module, Ultrasonic Sensor, Half H Driver, Dc Motor, Servo Motor. In this work, the device is a  semi-autonomous garbage collector robot which can do multiple functions. This robot has one robotic arm in which it can pick the garbage and dispense it in main basket attached to the robot. The camera placed on robot helps the administrator to remotely monitor the robot while collecting garbage. The prototype has an electronic mechanism by which the robot can dispense it collected garbage to the dispensing point. This robot has installed solar power and batteries in which there is no fuel or electricity required to complete the operation.

1.5                                              APPLICATION OF THE PROJECT

This project can be used for garbage disposal at places such as:

1. school,
2. restaurant,
3. beach
4. office,
5. hotel,
6. Production plant or any other suitable location.

1.6                                                 LIMITATION OF THE STUDY

Problems noticed on this robot are:

• The robot does not differentiate between garbage and other
• Using expensive alternatives for waste collection and
• These robots are extremely costly and impractical to
• Cost is again very high and robots cannot access remote areas. These robots are also not

1.7                                          ADVANTAGES OF THE PROJECT

Garbage collection robot may have a high manufacturing cost, but has negligible maintenance costs. Autonomous bots are a far better option when it comes to abolishing the monotony of tasks, overcoming safety issues during manual labor and reaching remote areas. In some cases, efficiency may also be better (1 robot can do the work of several men).

1.8                                             RESEARCH METHODOLOGY

In the course of carrying this study, numerous sources were used which most of them are by visiting libraries, consulting journal and news papers and online research which Google was the major source that was used.

1.9                                     PROJECT ORGANISATION

The work is organized as follows: chapter one discuses the introductory part of the work,   chapter two presents the literature review of the study,  chapter three describes the methods applied, chapter four discusses the results of the work, chapter five summarizes the research outcomes and the recommendations.