The Effectiveness Of Landscape Architecture In Learning Environment

ABSTRACT

The aim of this study was to analyze the impact of Landscape Architecture on the built environment. Landscape is one of the important and fundamental issues which have been the center of attention recently. Landscape has had a unique position in discussions related to sustainable development in Architecture and urban planning so that landscape is regarded as one of the crucial elements in urban sustainable development. Landscape Architecture is the art and science of organizing land, spaces, and the elements on them to be used in an appropriate, healthy and pleasant way. The research method was based on descriptive method of data analysis to evaluate the impacts and significance of Landscaping to Architecture and the Environment. Studies has shown that landscaping has a direct effect on not only the building outfit but also the functionality, performance and aesthetics. Landscape Architecture over the years has not be given the deserved emphasis and considerations in design proposals and construction. Hence, the natural elements of the environment is not fully harnessed in maintaining ecological balance in built environments as proper landscaping offers owners and users an increased livability, improved health, greater flexibility, enhanced energy and environmental performance. Data was sourced primarily from books, internet and related literature. Landscape is more than a projection unto nature or the environment, it is a multivalent frame of territory, patterns, politics and aesthetics determining how the environment is perceived and shaped. The importance of this study goes beyond highlighting the benefits of Landscape Architecture in the built environment but also promote the awareness of sustainable Architecture and ecological balance of the built environment

TABLE OF CONTENTS

COVER PAGE

TITLE PAGE

APPROVAL PAGE

DEDICATION

ACKNOWELDGEMENT

ABSTRACT

CHAPTER ONE

• INTRODUCTION
• BACKGROUND OF THE STUDY
• PROBLEM STATEMENT
• AIM AND OBJECTIVE OF THE STUDY
• SIGNIFICANCE OF THE STUDY
• SCOPE OF THE STUDY
• LIMITATION OF THE STUDY
• METHODOLOGY
• PROJECT ORGANISATION

CHAPTER TWO

LITERATURE REVIEW

• REVIEW OF THE STUDY
• THEORETICAL FRAMEWORK
• UNIVERSITY AND ATTENTION RESTORATION THEORY
• ATTENTION RESTORATION INDICATORS
• FEATURES OF RESTORATION ENVIRONMENTS

CHAPTER THREE

METHODOLOGY

• STUDY AREA
• DATA TYPES AND SOURCES
• DATA COLLECTION
• DATA ANALYSIS METHOD
• SAMPLE AND SAMPLING METHOD
• STATISTICAL ANALYSES

CHAPTER FOUR

4.0      RESULT AND DISCUSSION

CHAPTER FIVE

• CONCLUSION AND RECOMMENDATION
• REFERENCES

CHAPTER ONE

1.0                                                          INTRODUCTION

1.1                                           BACKGROUND OF THE STUDY

Landscape architecture emphasizes the nature of conservation, development of public parks, city parks, local parks, artificial forests, lakes, recreational areas, outdoor recreation centers, open space systems and other components of landscape architecture in providing opportunities and benefits for real estate development. The term landscape implies land but can be extended to water surface. Also predominantly human environments are landscapes. Tim Cresswell observes that, “landscape is an intensely visual idea” Cresswell, Tim (2004), but appreciation can involve other senses as well, creating sensory landscapes such as soundscapes or smell-scapes.

Land becomes a landscape when it is described or viewed in terms of the earth and environmental features (physiographic and environmental characteristics). The diversity of landscapes based on these features is based on the history of human impact upon the landscape, and is further a reflection of this dynamic, naturalness and social system. Landscape architecture emphasizes on the planning and design of land and water for use by the local community as well as on the understanding of the system According to Laurie (2015),. Planning acts as a futuristic approach, where the land is regarded as a source of judgment in relation to the demands and expectations of the society’s needs and values. Design refers to the use of qualitative or functional layout of the land contained in the planning process for social -specific functions such as housing, education or recreation.

This study reveals the significant relationship between land, real estate and landscape architecture. Landscape architecture which provides an open park and green space can be expanded to benefit the social, environment and economy through optimal used of space in property development project. Hence, this study discusses the objectives which are to determine significant factors in the development of landscape architecture, to identify the importance of landscape architecture in development.

Landscape architecture is the art and science of design, planning or management of land, natural and man-made structures and objects, when the soil is utilized through the application of scientific knowledge and culture in the study of ecology and behavior, with concern for natural resource conservation and stewardship of the land and which enables improvement in the quality of outdoor space for human use and appreciation according to Haggans, Michael (2015).

1.2                                                   PROBLEM STATEMENT

University campus design is considered as an interdisciplinary art between architecture, landscape architecture and urban design. The design of the campus landscape provides appropriate backgrounds for organizing the natural environment on campuses through providing the appropriate design and planning tools and ideas. The main theories of learning have indicated the tangible impact of open spaces for learning, and in this regard, the campus design is considered as a provider of suitable ground for learning [Dober, 2011].

In recent years, the main goal of creating higher education colleges has been the quantitative development of universities in Iran. In recent years, in order to meet the needs of young people, many institutions of higher education were built in unsuitable closed spaces without any open spaces.

This was in a way that even in the campus of the old universities, due to the urgent need, lack of land, lack of standards or attention, constant the levels of open spaces has been reduced, and closed spaces, such as classes and workshops were constructed. Currently, with quantitative expansion of educational sites and spaces in the country, and seeking to balance the supply and demand of undergraduate students, which is evident in recent years in university entrance examinations and university admission capacity; this quantitative need is balanced and it is time to consider the importance of investigating the impact of open spaces on academic sites on improving the quality of education (Sharghi. A, 2011).

1.3                                      AIM AND OBJECTIVES OF THE STUDY

The main aim of this study is to highlight the benefits of Landscape Architecture in the built of university. The objectives are:

1. To promote the awareness of sustainable Architecture and ecological balance of the built environment.
2. To determine significant factors in the development of landscape architecture.

• To identify the importance of landscape architecture in development

1.4                                             SIGNIFICANCE OF THE STUDY

Landscape has different major roles it plays in the environment to which it is incorporated. It helps balance the atmospheric condition and gives a healthy environment etc. also in the area of climate change or global warming, sustainability to mention a few. Also as will be discussed in this study about landscape and the academic environment, landscape plays a part in instilling discipline and order to its uses which is an integral aspect of an academic setting. It also gives a sense of direction (Sharghi. A, 2011).

Landscaping a secondary also helps to boost the image of such a school so that more young people are encouraged and drawn towards being a part of such an institution.

This study therefore seeks to critically appraise the attempt to landscape and infuse green in the secondary school setting (Sharghi. A, 2011).

1.5                                                     SCOPE OF THE STUDY

The desire to combine nature with architecture had been courted for a very long time. The research results in this area has proved that private and communal spaces should interplay creatively the nature for the benefit of the environment and the planet at large, various activities in these areas had been initiated by individuals and governments at private and city-scale levels. For, just as architecture and urban planning concern themselves with issues of comfort, safety, security, convenience, beauty, utility etc. so is landscaping no less challenged by these issues. This is so because as these of other areas of the built environment (Sharghi. A, 2011).

Landscape in architecture can be seen as the artificial arrangement of cultivated areas into geometric or free patterns to achieve a pure aesthetic result. Landscape also deals mainly with the process of creating an attractive outdoor environment, thereby masking man to be involved in the manipulation of the outdoor space to provide a different kind of landscape to suit his own purpose (Berman, Marc G., John Jonides, and Stephen Kaplan, 2018).

1.6                                               LIMITATION OF THE STUDY

As we all know that no human effort to achieve a set of goals goes without difficulties, certain constraints were encountered in the course of carrying out this project and they are as follows:-

1. Difficulty in information collection: I found it too difficult in laying hands of useful information regarding this work and this course me to visit different libraries and internet for solution.
2. Financial Constraint: Insufficient fund tends to impede the efficiency of the researcher in sourcing for the relevant materials, literature or information and in the process of data collection (internet, questionnaire and interview).

• Time Constraint: The researcher will simultaneously engage in this study with other academic work. This consequently will cut down on the time devoted for the research work

1.7                                   PROJECT ORGANISATION

The work is organized as follows: chapter one discuses the introductory part of the work,   chapter two presents the literature review of the study,  chapter three describes the methods applied, chapter four discusses the results of the work, chapter five summarizes the research outcomes and the recommendations.