Impact Of Information And Communication Technology On Employees Performance

INTRODUCTION
According to encyclopedia of profess management (1993:678) it is highly desirable that performance statement and standard of personnel function against which current performance can be measured.
They are however, subjected to questions of validity and relevance.
This criteria terms from the fact that many personnel (employees) activities measures are influenced by uncontrollable factors including the unpredictability of people and events.
A recruiting time standard consider job level skills required and availability of applicants among other factors, workers performance, which includes technology akin to the special job, the availability skills, motivation targeted output and operational methods among others.

1.1 BACKGROUND OF THE STUDY
United Parcel service was founded in the year 1907 as a messenger company in the United State, UPS has grown into a multi-billion dollar corporation by clearly focusing on the goal of enabling commerce wound the globe.
Today UPS, United Parcel Services Inc, is a global company with one of the most recognized and admirable branches in the world.
As the largest express carrier and package delivery company in the world, they are also a leading provider of specialized transportation, logistics, capital and commerce services.
They manage the flow of goods, funds and information in one way of the other in more than 200 countries and terrorist worldwide.
Over the past 100 years, UPS has become an expert in transportation, rowing from a small messenger company ground, and electronic services.
The most recent public change came in 2003, when the company introduce a new brand mark, representing a new evolved UPS, and showing the world that its capability extend beyond small package delivery.
The company went another step further, adopting the acronym UPS as its formal name, another indicator of its brand expanse of service.
Ever true to its humble origins, the company maintains its reputation for integrity reliability, employee ownership, and customer services.

1.2 STATEMENT OF THE PROBLEM
Idea relationship between technology and workers performance, modern technology has brought us the power to achieve a ,lot within a short time as reflected in communication. required information on movement of goods and services or packages in the current courier business helps in tracing the location when misrouted.
a. Generally, the online real time company or computer technology access enhances workers performance when the system fails as is case in Nigeria, it turns frustrating the worker and services carry the impact.
b. Researching that the above-mentioned technological services does not operate in all the towns in the country as it affect in a city like Lagos, this shortcoming affect the overall images.
c. The availability of the required technology has positive effects on workers performance. However, the unavailability of the courier company takes the impact job design and evaluation would be of interest in this work.

1.3 OBJECTIVES OF THE STUDY
The purpose of this study is to ascertain the level of technology pre-activeness in UPS and its impact on the workers in the delivery of satisfactory and quality services to customers.
Other objectives of the study include:
a. To ascertain the availability and application of relevant technological systems to meet the external threat of competitors.
b. To establish the extent of utilization of online real time package tracking system in services delivery.
c. To determine the steps the firm takes in preparing workers for technological changes.
d. To make recommendations based on the findings of the study, on how bets firm can actualize potentials of technology.

1.4 RESEARCH QUESTIONS
1. Do you think that management failure to prepare workers for technological, changes does hinder the works use of technology?
2. Do you think that among all factors that influence workers performance that technology has any impact of employees performance?
3. Do you think that United Parcel service are not essentially a technological leader in the industry?

1.5 THE SIGNIFICANCE OF THE STUDY
There are various benefits to be driven from this study on “the available evaluation of the impact of technology on employees performance a study of selected courier services industry. The desired precision required in exercising quick delivery of parcels that invariably affect the supply chain of other firms is to be achieved.
According to Minner J.B. (1973:266), here an adopted jet from transport to charge services renders the transportation of parcel in safe, space economy and skill through technology and adaptation and application?
The government through the impact of technology derives great benefits through economy.
Operations in the government embark the business of government like any other industry with unpredictable response of workers to technology in the industry would guide the academics in rendering consulting services to firms.
It is also a guide to management in improving their staffs productivity through introduction of desired technology.
Technology is a serious term to watch in industrial growths.
The two factors of technology is the advantage of automation and the introduction of companies operations, secondly, it is the fact of corporate growth either through internal expansion or through acquisition and merger and not to be published.
5. ATTITUDE CONSTRAINTS: These include the uncooperative attitude of the banks staffs that is not willing to give confidential information and sometimes, biased answers were given to impress the researcher.

1.8 DEFINITION OF TERMS
We shall define certain terms in this work.
COMMITMENT: Commitment is derived from a Latin root “committee, meaning bring together, join entrust, to give in trust or charge contsign for safe-keeping cousign, “commitment or the state of being act of obligating or engaging oneself, as to take on financial responsibility.
For the purpose of our study employees performance takes, all there is in the above definition.
Courier Services: United Parcel UPS in her article and memorandum of association defines “courier” as a business services rendered by delivery time sensitive documents package and all sorts of information to the consequent for a fee.
The payment of fees and acceptance of article for delivery cements the contract.
EMPLOYEES: Employee here is simply defined as one works for an employer.

1.6 SCOPE OF THE STUDY
This study on the effects of the technology on employees performance has been restricted to a researchable scope.
,it aims at finding out the instruments and technological techniques on employees performance as used in United Parcel services and its effects on the productivity of employees performance in contributing toward the achievement of parcel corporate objectives.

1.7 LIMITATION OF THE STUDY
1. Problem of Finance: An in-depth research could have been made in this study but the problem of finance impose a restriction for a wider coverage.
2. Inaccessibility of Relevant Test: Another limiting factor on this study is the inaccessibility of relevant texts, needs because of the non-availability of these materials in the school library.
3. Time Constraint; The time involve in gathering the data and processing it into meaningful information was also short because competing courses, when should be given attention to.
4. Death Statistical Data and Information:
Most of the information and data needed for this research work was not easy to gather because they are made to be confidential and not to be published.
5. Attitudes Constraints: These include the uncooperative attitude of the banks staffs that is not willing to give confidential information and sometimes, biased answers were given to impress the researcher.

1.8 DEFINITION OF TERMS
We shall define certain terms in this work.
Commitment: Commitment is derived from a Latin root “committee, meaning bring together Joir entrust, to give in trust or charge consign for safe-keeping cosign “commitment therefore is, “the act of committing or the state of being committed obligating or engaging oneself as to take on financial responsibility. For the purpose of our study employees performance takes all there is in the above definitions.
Courier Services: United parcel UPS in her article and memorandum of association defines “courier” as a business services rendered by delivering time sensitive documents package and all sorts of information to the consign for a fee.
the payment of fees and acceptance of article for delivery cement the contract.
Employee: Employee here is simply defined as one who works for an employer for salary or wages” you may wonder why this definition as relevant as it is common knowledge. At times, employees is part of the technological implants for achieving corporate goals.
As the manpower (employer) is the most valued assets after capital, “selection should be regarded as a process not as a single act.
Packages: The courier service covers business likes documents, parcel/packages confidential information, cash-in-transit sea-freight cargo airfreight, through which packages ranging from electronic application or appliances personal effects and household effects delivered to customers apart from only documents parcels, documents and equipments dent through system are referred as “packages”.
They are broadly classified into two namely:
a. Domestic packages (NE)
b. International Packages (NNE)
i. Domestic packages or Nationwide Express: These are packages rent or remitted within Nigeria. It could be sent from one state to another, between two regions within a metropolitan city. This network UPS could be identified in a broad spectrum as:
a. Regionet: This concerns packages dispatched from one region to the other like from Enugu to Aba, Port Harcourt to Calabar.
b. Direct Shipments: This involves packages that do not cross more than one airport before reaching its designation, such as from Port Harcourt to Lagos, Abuja to Kano.
c. Nation Wide Service: This is a package that is sent from Ibadan, Lagos to Kano.
d. Metropolitan Delivery Service: Include package delivery within same metropolitan city, like a package from Umungasi to Port Harcourt road, mail from Aba and delivered in Aba.
e. Motorized Delivery Services: These include delivery by road of both have and higher eight package within Nigeria (at a lower price) within 72 hours.
f. Cash-In-Transit Service: This is the system of transferring of cash from one part of the country to another, whereby this money is collected at a point and the distinction station is advised to pay the equipment. In contrast to international delivery, cash is not accepted and locally too, packages containing cash are accepted only through the system explained under cash in transit above.
International Packages: (NNE) across border package movement i.e. packages dispatched from one country to another ate regarded as international packages.
They are classified under two categories:
a. Sky Packages (SP)
b. Sky Data (SJ)
a. Sky Packages: There are non-document packages that attracts customers documentation like samples of material, show accessories, spare parts, computers, mobile telephones and host of others.
b. Sky Data: Are light packages, which do not involve custom duty such as document invoice bill of laden, invitation latter etc.
Technology: Technology refers to easy of making or doing things, it is used either of two more restricted senses. In narrower sense “technology” refers to all process dealing with materials. Technology always has to do with or be learned, whether in the form of manual dexterity or as an applied science. The total application of technology seems incompatible with maintenance of natural ecosystem.
It is comparable to a worldwide and dramatic change of climate. No other definition could be more apt than this, which shows technology as an act that is a drive for change and the consequences is difficult to technology on employees performance is this understood.