Perceived Benefit Of Health Education On Pregnant Women Attending Ante-Natal Care

The Perceived Benefit Of Health Education On Pregnant Women Attending Ante-Natal Care Complete Project Material (PDF/DOC)

Abstract

The study was carried out to examine the perceived benefit of health education on pregnant women attending ante-natal care with a particular focus to General Hospital Tege in Kishi, Oyo State. To achieve this objective, five research questions and one research hypotheses were formulated to guide the study. The data was collected from primary sources. The primary data were collected with the help of a well-structured questionnaire of two sections administered to pregnant women in General Hospital Tege in Kishi, Oyo State. The collected data were analyzed with tables and descriptive statistics to analyze the research questions while t-test statistical method was used in testing the hypotheses. All data were coded using SPSS software. The study reveals that there is a significant impact of health education on pregnant women attending ante natal care in Nigerian hospitals. The study concluded with some recommendations that pregnant women should be educated on the benefits of ante-natal care for safety delivery and health care providers should be abreast with the latest recommendations on the need for ante-natal care.

Chapter One

Introduction

1.1 Background of the Study

An effective intervention against maternal mortality exists yet millions of pregnant women die of preventable complications due to lack of knowledge of current government intervention (Bhatia &Cleland, 2009). High maternal death in Nigeria is of utmost concern to public health (Ekele, Shehu, Ahmed & Fache, 2008). Knowledge and attitude towards ‘Focus Antenatal Care’ (FANC) utilization by pregnant women are key to the usage of Antenatal Care facilities for the reduction of maternal and infant mortality (Munjanja, Lindmark & Nystrom, 2006). Efforts have been made by the government and Non-Governmental Agencies to reduce maternal and infant mortality. These efforts according to Umeora, Sunday-Adeoyeand Ugwu, (2008), have made little or no impact in Nigeria because of health ignorance of effective antenatal care services in Nigeria. In spite of the years of defeat in reducing maternal mortality, scientific knowledge about it continued up until now. Antenatal care is one of the basic components of maternal care on which the life of mothers and babies depend (Saseendran, Mary & William, 2004).

Antenatal care (ANC) is an umbrella term used to describe the medical procedures and care that are carried out during pregnancy. It is the care a woman receives throughout the period of her pregnancy and is important in helping to ensure a healthy pregnancy state and safe childbirth (Magadi, Madise & Diamond, 2010). Pregnancy causes many physical and psychological changes in a woman. A nurse who works with pregnant women and their families must be familiar with these changes to provide anticipatory guidelines and this can be done by providing adequate pre-natal care. One of the ways to keep the expectant mother healthy and able to take self care is to give timely need based health education to the woman. Nisar and White (2003) stated that antenatal care (ANC) is an important determinant of good maternal health. Lack of ante natal care is a risk factor for maternal mortality, and reduction of maternal mortality requires early detection of high risk pregnancies through proper ante natal care. Maternal health refers to the health of women during pregnancy, childbirth, and the post partum period. It encompasses the health care dimensions of family planning, conception, prenatal, and postnatal care in order to reduce maternal morbidity and mortality (WHO, 2005). Good maternal health can be promoted through proper maternal health education which invariably influences maternal health attitude. Positive health education and attitude is capable of influencing maternal morbidity and mortality among pregnant women, thus the need for the study.

1.2 Statement of the Problem

Good health for mothers is an important public health concern. Death during childbirth is often the concluding event in a long story of pain and suffering. Millions more are Le with permanent disability and damage which impact their ability to undertake social and economic responsibilities and share in the development of their communities. The deaths, many of which may be preventable, impact women who are not only childbearing but are also often the mainstays within a family – as careers to the young and old, bread winners and educators of children (Scotland Malawi Partnership, 2010). Maternal morbidity and mortality constitute a serious health problem that requires systematic investigations and effective health education of pregnant women to forestall the increase of infant mortality. Hence, the problem of this study posed in question form is: does health education during antennal pose positive effect among pregnant mothers in Oyo State, Nigeria?

1.3 Aims of the Study

The major aim of the study is to examine the benefit of health education on pregnant women attending ante natal care in Nigeria.

Other specific objectives of the study are;

To examine the level of educational awareness of pregnant women towards ante natal care in Nigeria.
To examine the impact of health education on pregnant women attending ante natal care in Nigerian hospitals.
To assess the factors affecting the effective health education of pregnant women towards ante natal care in Nigeria.
To examine the impact of ante natal care during pregnancy and maternal and infant mortality in Nigeria hospitals.
To recommend ways of improving health education of pregnancy women in Nigeria.

1.4 Research Questions

What is the level of educational awareness of pregnant women towards ante natal care in Nigeria?
What is the impact of health education on pregnant women attending ante natal care in Nigerian hospitals?
What are the factors affecting the effective health education of pregnant women towards ante natal care in Nigeria?
What is the impact of ante natal care during pregnancy and maternal and infant mortality in Nigeria hospitals?
What are the ways of improving health education of pregnancy women in Nigeria?

1.6 Research Hypothesis

H0: There is no significant impact of health education on pregnant women attending ante natal care in Nigerian hospitals.

H1: There is a significant impact of health education on pregnant women attending ante natal care in Nigerian hospitals.

1.7 Significance of the Study

The study would be of immense importance to the health sector in Nigeria as it would highlight the benefits of health education to pregnant women in attending ante natal care so as to reduce infant mortality in Nigeria. The study would also benefit students, researchers and scholars who are interested in developing further studies on the subject matter.

1.8 Scope and Limitation of the Study

This study is restricted to the perceived benefit of health education on pregnant women attending ante natal care in general hospital kishi Local government area of Oyo State.

1.9 Limitation of the Study

Financial Constraint:

Insufficient fund tends to impede the efficiency of the researcher in sourcing for the relevant materials, literature or information and in the process of data collection (internet, questionnaire and interview).

Time Constraint:

The researcher will simultaneously engage in this study with other academic work. This consequently will cut down on the time devoted for the research work.

Chapter Five

Summary, Conclusion and Recommendations

5.1 Introduction

This chapter presents the summary, conclusion and recommendations for further studies.

5.2 Summary

The study was carried out to examine the perceived benefit of health education on pregnant women attending ante-natal care with a particular focus to General Hospital Tege in Kishi, Oyo State. To achieve this objective, five research questions and one research hypothesis were formulated to guide this study. A structured questionnaire was used as the main instrument to gather data from 30 respondents in General Hospital Tege in Kishi, Oyo State. Out of this number, 30(100%) copies of questionnaire were appropriately completed and returned for data analysis.
The data collected from the respondents were analyzed using tables and descriptive statistics to analyze the research questions and t-test statistical method to test the research hypothesis. The findings revealed that there is a significant impact of health education on pregnant women attending ante natal care in Nigerian hospitals.

5.3 Conclusion

Based on the findings of this study and subsequent recommendations, it is concluded that health education was possible to disseminate simple techniques and actions aimed at improving the quality of life of groups of pregnant women, then complementing prenatal care experienced by these women. Pregnant women in General Hospital Tege in Kishi, Oyo State, Nigeria generally have a high perception of the benefits of exercise during pregnancy, they also perceive significant barriers that inhibit their exercise practice. Efforts should be made to encourage pregnant women to get more involved in antenatal exercises to help reduce the barriers perceive—real or imagined. The probability that the pregnant women are likely to adopt one exercise is high when more exercises that are antenatal are available.

5.4 Recommendations

Based on the findings of this study, the researcher made the following recommendations:

Pregnant women should be educated on the benefits of ante-natal care for safety delivery.
Obstetric care providers should always discuss exercise with their patients and provide accurate, adequate and relevant information on exercise.
Health care providers should be abreast with the latest recommendations on the need for ante-natal care.
Efforts should be made to encourage women regardless of parity to exercise as women who routinely exercise are more likely to continue to do so even during pregnancy.
Increased social support should be given to pregnant women to help during delivery. Thus, employers, parents, relatives and spouses of pregnant women should likewise be engaged through adequate and appropriate health education.
Pregnant women should be educated on exercising at low moderate intensity as this will help avoid burn-out or exercise tiredness— a major barrier to antenatal exercises.

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