Shelving Of Library Material In College Libraries
(A Comparative Study Of Imo State Polytechnic Umuagwo And Fecolart Owerri)
Title shelving refers to the organization and placement of library materials within college libraries, ensuring efficient access and retrieval for users. Proper shelving involves categorizing items according to classification systems like the Dewey Decimal or Library of Congress, arranging them systematically on shelves, and maintaining accurate records of their locations. Effective shelving practices are crucial for facilitating research, study, and academic pursuits within college libraries. It involves a nuanced approach that considers factors such as space utilization, collection size, and user needs, ultimately enhancing the usability and accessibility of library resources for students, faculty, and researchers alike.
This research work examined shelving of library materials in college libraries with Imo State Polytechnic, Umuagwo and FECOLART as comparative study. Data was collected through a combination of questionnaire and documentary sources. The questionnaire, which was the major instrument for data collection, was designed to elicit information relevant to the research questions and objectives.
The data obtained were analyzed and results show that shelving of library materials were undertaken by Para-professionals and recommendation was made that shelving of library materials should be done by Para-professional under the strict supervision of professional librarians.
Title Page
Certification
Dedication
Acknowledgement
Abstract
Table of Content
CHAPTER ONE
1.0 INTRODUCTION
1.1 Overview
1.2 Historical Background of College Libraries under Study
1.3 Aim and Purpose of the Study
1.4 Objectives of the Study
1.5 Research Questions
1.6 Scope/Limitation of the Study
1.7 Significance of the Study
1.8 Methodology
1.9 Operational Definition of Terms
CHAPTER TWO
2.0 LITERATURE REVIEW
2.1 Concept of Shelving/shelf reading
2.2 Importance of Shelving/shelf reading
2.3 Periods for Shelving Library Materials
2.4 Method used in Shelving Library Materials
2.5 Types of Shelves used in shelving Library Materials
2.6 Categories of Staff involved in Shelving Library Materials
2.7 Type of Materials Shelved in the Library
CHAPTER THREE
3.0 RESEARCH METHODOLOGY
3.1 Research Design
3.2 Population of the Study
3.3 Sample Size
3.4 Instrument for Data Collection
3.5 Validation of Questionnaire for Reliability
3.6 Questionnaire Administration
3.7 Method of Data Analysis
CHAPTER FOUR
4.0 DATA PRESENTATION AND ANALYSIS
CHAPTER FIVE
5.0 SUMMARY OF FINDINGS, CONCLUSION AND RECOMMENDATION
5.1 Summary Of Findings
5.2 Conclusion
5.3 Recommendation
Bibliography
Appendix I
Appendix Ii
1.0 INTRODUCTION
1.1 OVERVIEW
Shelving of library materials is a veritable technique that ensures that books and other information materials are kept on the correct shelves after the materials have been processed at the Technical Services Section or after material have been consulted by users.
In every library, information materials are arranged on the shelves according to a definite plan. Shelving is defined as the process of returning processed or used books to the appropriate shelves from the cataloguing/classification section and reading tables respectively, while shelf-reading is the act of examining books kept on the shelves to see that they are properly shelved and in their correct positions on the shelves.
However, in shelving library materials, efforts are made to put them according to the symbols of classification call-number in shelving of library materials, there is need to ascertain the positioning of the materials. The college library is an important institution in the academic environment. These are libraries found in institution of higher learning which are completely devoted to the academic activities which are usually in line with the objectives of the parent institution therefore, shelving of books in the academic library is an activity aimed at facilitating the dissemination as well as retrieval of information.
Apparently shelving in college libraries is among the routines which constitute the non-professional jobs in the library because it is usually carried out by support staff like library assistants, library attendants and library officers.
However, in order to avoid or minimize mis-shelving and other shelving errors, shelving should be supervised by experienced professional staff especially the readers services librarian, circulation librarian and serials/documents librarian.
1.2 HISTORICAL BACKGROUND OF COLLEGE LIBRARIES UNDER STUDY
1. BACKGROUND OF FECOLART
Federal College of land Resources Technology Owerri (FECOLART) was established by the federal government of Nigeria 1981. This empowered the college to maintain library. The library officer was appointed in 1991 and by the time the college was opened for classes during the 1991/92 academic session, the library has about 50 volume of collection. Presently the stock of the library is over 1,000 volumes and journals. The staff of the library was about (6) six staffs. However, the services and resources provided by the college libraries under study includes: orientation of new users, instruction of the use of the library inter-library loan services, readers advisory services, Bindery and Reprographic Service etc.
2. BACKGROUND OF IMO STATE POLYTECHNIC UMUAGWO
The Imo State Polytechnic Umuagwo as it is currently called now was not meant to be higher institution. It is for training tractor drivers and later, the idea of converting it to a college of Agriculture was Initiated. The place later was changed from a college of Agriculture in 1982 with Dr. I.N. Izugbokwe as the first rector. Later the school was accredited by National Board for Technical Education (NBTE) to train middle level man-power such as OND and HND. The school has had series of rectors and acting rectors like Prof. Ohiazu, Prof Osuji and Mr. Amadioha who is the current Rector of the Polytechnic. The school was changed from Micheal Okpara College to State Polytechnic Umuagwo in 2007 by Imo State Governor Chief Ikedi Ohakim.
Furthermore, this school was not established without a library. The library which was single handedly by set-out by Mr. M.K. Njoku came into existence in 1982 when the school was changed from a place of training tractor driver to Micheal Okpara College of Agriculture. The library has a total number of 16 staff, 2 professionals and 14 non professional. The two professionals are Mr. Mathew Nwokeke and Mr. M.K. Njoku who has been the college librarian from 1982 till date. The library however receives materials from FOA and other international bodies. The different section of the library includes the followings: Circulation Department, Acquisition Department Cataloguing/Classification Department, Administration Department, Serial Department and Internet Centre.
1.3 AIM AND PURPOSES OF THE STUDY
The study is being carried out in partial fulfillment of the requirements heading to the award of the Higher National Diploma (HND) certificate.
It will also serve as a guideline for students and researchers that may wish to carryout further research in this area of study.
1.4 OBJECTIVES OF THE STUDY
The specific objectives of this study are as follows:
i. To find out it the two college libraries do shelved their library materials.
ii. To find out how often the two college libraries shelve their library materials.
iii. To identify the methods used in shelving library materials in the two college libraries.
iv. To compare the type of materials shelved in two college libraries.
v. To assess the impacts of shelving use of library materials.
vi. To identify the problems associated with shelving of library materials.
vii. To identify the categories of staff involved in shelving library materials.
1.5 RESEARCH QUESTIONS
In an effort to generate data on this study, these researches were formulated.
i. Does your library shelve their library materials?
ii. How often do you shelve your library materials?
iii. What methods do you apply when shelving library materials
iv. What type of shelf do you use in your library
v. What are the type of materials shelved in your library
vi. Does shelving of library materials have any impacts on the use of library materials which categories of library staff are involved in shelving of library materials?
1.6 SCOPE/LIMITATION OF THE STUDY
The research centres on shelving of library materials in college libraries with particular reference to two college libraries in Imo State; Imo State Polytechnic Library Umuagwo and Federal College of land Resources Technology Owerri. Another obvious limitation is that of time constraint distance between the two schools as well as financial constraints. Generating data was a strong constraint as much literature has not emphasized so much on library shelving as a practice.
1.7 SIGNIFICANCE OF THE STUDY
The study will help in identifying the problems associated with shelving of library materials and proper possible solution to these problems.
However, there are those who stand to benefit from study, they includes among others, staff, users etc.
1.8 METHODOLOGY
To have a reliable research the method to be used in carrying out research work ought to be stated, thus the research is the case study of FECOLART and Imo State Polytechnic Umuagwo. The method to be used in collection of data for this project includes, use of the three methods of data capturing techniques there are:
a. Gathering of data through visits
b. Use of oral interview
c. Administration of questionnaire.
1.9 OPERATIONAL DEFINITION OF TERMS
SHELVING: Library activity that involved placing books, documents and other information materials on the appropriate shelves.
SHELF-READING: The act of examining books on the shelves to see that they are in correct order on the shelves.
CIRCULATION SECTION: This section is service points designed to circulate library materials effectively.
COLLEGE LIBRARIES: Libraries attached to institution of higher learning like college of education also referred to as academic libraries.
Shelving Of Library Material In College Libraries:
Shelving library materials in college libraries is an essential part of library management. Proper shelving ensures that books and other resources are organized, easily accessible to library users, and well-maintained. Here are some key considerations and best practices for shelving in college libraries:
- Classification System: College libraries typically use a classification system, such as the Dewey Decimal Classification (DDC) or Library of Congress Classification (LCC), to assign call numbers to books. Ensure that you are familiar with the classification system used in your library.
- Shelving Order: Materials should be shelved in numerical and alphabetical order according to their call numbers. In the DDC system, numbers are arranged numerically, and within each number, books are arranged alphabetically by the first letter or letters of the author’s last name.
- Spacing: Leave adequate space between items on the shelves to accommodate new additions. This helps prevent overcrowding and makes it easier to browse the collection.
- Labeling: Ensure that call number labels are clear, legible, and securely attached to the spine of each book. Use standardized labeling practices to maintain consistency.
- Maintenance: Regularly inspect the shelves for misplaced items, damaged books, or books in need of repair. Take action to repair or remove damaged materials promptly.
- Weeding: Periodically review the collection to identify outdated or irrelevant materials that should be removed from the shelves. This process, known as weeding, helps keep the collection current and relevant.
- Special Collections: If your library has special collections or rare materials, they may require separate shelving and additional security measures to protect them.
- Accessibility: Ensure that shelving is accessible to all users, including those with disabilities. Use appropriate signage and consider the height of shelves and the availability of wheelchair ramps or elevators.
- Security: Implement security measures to prevent theft or vandalism of library materials. This may include surveillance cameras, security gates, or RFID tags.
- Staff Training: Provide training to library staff on proper shelving techniques, classification systems, and library policies. Regularly update staff on any changes to shelving procedures.
- Digital Catalog: Make sure that your library’s online catalog accurately reflects the location and availability of materials on the shelves. This helps users find what they need and reduces frustration.
- User Assistance: Be available to assist library users in finding materials. Many college libraries have reference desks or roving librarians who can help users locate items on the shelves.
- Periodic Audits: Conduct regular audits of the collection to reconcile the physical inventory with the cataloged holdings. This helps identify missing or misplaced items.
Proper shelving practices are crucial for the efficient operation of a college library. They contribute to a positive user experience, facilitate research and learning, and ensure the longevity of library materials. Regular maintenance and attention to detail are key to keeping the library’s collection in excellent condition.