Design And Construction Of Exclusive Sine Wave Generator

ABSTRACT

This work is on a Sine wave generator which is an electronic equipment that provides standard test signals of sinewave. It is also called an oscillator, since it produces periodic signals. This work describes the operational amplifier (op-amp) sine-wave oscillator, together with the criteria for oscillation to occur using RC components. It delineates the roles of phase shift and gain in the circuit and then discusses considerations of the op amp. A brief analysis of a Wien-Bridge oscillator circuit is provided. Several examples of sine-wave oscillators are given, although it is recognized that there exist many additional types of oscillator to which the principles of this application note also apply

TABLE OF CONTENTS

COVER PAGE

TITLE PAGE

APPROVAL PAGE

ACKNOWELDGEMENT

ABSTRACT

CHAPTER ONE

• INTRODUCTION
• BACKGROUND OF THE PROJECT
• PROBLEM STATEMENT
• OBJECTIVE OF THE STUDY
• SCOPE OF THE PROJECT
• SIGNIFICANCE OF THE PROJECT
• APPLICATION OF THE PROJECT
• LIMITATION OF THE PROJECT
• METHODOLOGY
• PROJECT ORGANISATION

CHAPTER TWO

LITERATURE REVIEW

• OVEVIEW OF THE STUDY
• SINE-WAVE OSCILLATOR DEFINED
• REQUIREMENTS FOR OSCILLATION
• PHASE SHIFT IN THEOSCILLATOR
• GAIN IN THE OSCILLATOR

CHAPTER THREE

3.0          METHODOLOGY

• BLOCK DIAGRAM
• CIRCUIT DIAGRAM
• DESIGN ANALYSIS

CHAPTER FOUR

4.0      RESULT ANALYSIS

• CONSTRUCTION PROCEDURE AND TESTING
• CASING AND PACKAGING
• ASSEMBLING OF SECTIONS
• TESTING OF SYSTEM OPERATION

CHAPTER FIVE

• CONCLUSION
• RECOMMENDATION
• REFERENCES

CHAPTER ONE

1.0                                                        INTRODUCTION

1.1                                           BACKGROUND OF THE STUDY

A sine wave is a geometric waveform that oscillates (moves up, down or side-to-side) periodically, and is defined by the function y = sin x. In other words, it is an s-shaped, smooth wave that oscillates above and below zero.

Sine waves are used in technical analysis and trading to help identify patterns and cross-overs related to oscillators.

The sine wave is important in physics because it retains its wave shape when added to another sine wave of the same frequency and arbitrary phase and magnitude. It is the only periodic waveform that has this property.

A sine wave is a wave whose form resembles a sine curve. Often in power electronics, we need a sine wave generator for some applications; a dc/ac power inverter, for example. Here is a simple attempt to fill a niche that seems to be lacking in the power inverters world — one for which a fairly efficient, inexpensive “inverter heart” offers a pure sine wave output. Utilizing pulse-width modulation and analog components, the output will be a clean sinusoid with very little switching noise. Note that pure sine wave inverters are able to simulate precisely the ac power that is delivered by a conventional wall outlet.

1.2                                                  PROBLEM STATEMENT

Because of the disadvantage noticed when using other form of waves such as the fact that peak voltages usually varies with the voltage of the battery and can cause electronic devices to behave erratically because of power surges and loses power during conversion process. Because of these disadvantages led to the invention of sine wave generator which overcomes all these problems.

1.3                                             OBJECTIVE OF THE PROJECT

The main aim of this work is to construct a sine wave generator circuit with minimum distortion.

1.4                                                 SCOPE OF THE PROJECT

The Sine Wave Generator is an excellent tool for generating waves with speakers or wave drivers. It allows both the frequency (1-800 Hz) and amplitude of the sine wave output to be varied. Both fine and coarse frequency controls are included and the digital display features a 0.1 Hz resolution. In addition, the generator can “learn” the fundamental frequency for a particular configuration.

1.5                                        SIGNINFICANCE OF THE PROJECT

This study exposes us to the uses of sine wave in power supply system such as: AC power sources provide clean, regulated power that is identical to or even better than the power supplied by your local utility company – as compared to “modified sine wave” or “square wave” products, which all provide a fluctuating output voltage that is suitable for powering only a limited selection of loads.

If one wants to run equipment exactly to the manufacturer’s specifications, you must use a power source with a pure sine wave output. With pure sine wave, motor loads start easier and run cooler due to the reduced harmonics associated with the pure sine wave shape. In fact, some equipment will operate properly only from a true sine wave source: Some examples include laser and motor driven printers, variable speed motors, medical equipment, and any equipment deriving timing signals from the input.

All AC appliances and equipment are designed to run off of a pure sine wave.  Pure sine wave energy is the type of power that is produced by your local utility company.

Output voltage wave form is pure sine wave with very low harmonic distortion and clean power like utility-supplied electricity.

Inductive loads like microwave ovens and motors run faster, quieter and cooler.

Reduces audible and electrical noise in fans, fluorescent lights, audio amplifiers, TV, Game consoles, Fax, and answering machines.

Prevents crashes in computers, weird print out, and glitches and noise in monitors.

Reliably powers the following devices that will normally not work with modified sine wave inverters:

1.6                                          APPLICATION OF THE PROJECT

This device is used to produce sine wave signal or output which can be use to operate devices such as: Inverter, Ups, Solar inverters, Laser printers, photocopiers, magneto-optical hard drive, Certain laptop computers etc.

1.7                                           LIMITATION OF THE PROJECT

Producing sine wave signal is not cheap and easy compare to other types of waves.

1.8                                                        METHODOLOGY

To achieve the aim and objectives of this work, the following are the steps involved:

1. Study of the previous work on the project so as to improve it efficiency.
2. Draw a block diagram.

• Test for continuity of components and devices,

1. Design and calculation for the device was carried out.
2. Studying of various component used in circuit.
3. Construction of the circuit was carried out.

• Finally, the whole device was cased and final test was carried out.

1.9                                                         PROJECT ORGANISATION

The work is organized as follows: chapter one discuses the introductory part of the work,   chapter two presents the literature review of the study,  chapter three describes the methods applied,  chapter four discusses the results of the work, chapter five summarizes the research outcomes and the recommendations.