Design And Construction Of A Microcontroller Based Non – Contact Door Bell

ABSTRACT

The idea of informing the host about a visitor at the door started much before the electrical bell was invented until this modern world that bells based on smart technologies that made easy human life. The framework of ultrasonic doorbell systems with smart object detection and distance measuring using Arduino Rev.3 is an access system that automatically sense and indicate the presence of guests and rings the bell. An ultrasonic transducer that converts the Electrical power into ultrasonic sound waves and vice versa plays important role in generating and transmitting a high frequency sound waves to detect a guest and receive reflected or response wave back to terminal in Arduino board then ATmega328 Microcontroller that take decisions processes the signal wave also calculates the distance of the person detected, then shows response to the LCD display and generate a signal to activate the output terminal connecting to Piezo buzzer in order to make alarm when there is an guest arrives. The success rate of measures implemented indicates accomplishments we have made during our findings also designing, coding and implementing using software simulation and connecting hardware components.

TABLE OF CONTENTS

TITLE PAGE

APPROVAL PAGE

DEDICATION

ACKNOWLEDGEMENT

ABSTRACT

TABLE OF CONTENT

CHAPTER ONE

• • INTRODUCTION
    • • BACKGROUND OF THE PROJECT

     

    • • PROBLEM STATEMENT

     

    • • AIM/OBJECTIVE OF THE PROJECT

     

    • • PURPOSE OF THE PROJECT

     

    • • SIGNIFICANCE OF THE PROJECT

     

    • • LIMITATION OF THE PROJECT

     

    • • BENEFIT OF THE PROJECT

     

    • • APPLICATION OF THE PROJECT

     

    • • PROJECT ORGANISATION

     

     

CHAPTER TWO

2.0     LITERATURE REVIEW

2.1     OVERVIEW OF THE STUDY

2.2     REVIEW OF DOORBELL

2.3 HISTORICAL BACKGROUND OF THE PROJECT

2.4      REVIEW OF DIFFERENT TYPES OFDOOR BELL

2.5      REVIEW OF MAJOR COMPONENTS USED

CHAPTER THREE

3.0     METHODOLOGY

3.1     SYSTEM BLOCK DIAGRAM

3.2     SYSTEM CIRCUIT DIAGRAM

3.3     CIRCUIT OPERATION

3.4     PROGRAM CODE

3.5     SYSTEM IMPLEMENTATION

3.6     SOFTWARE SIMULATION

CHAPTER FOUR

RESULT ANALYSIS

4.0     CONSTRUCTION PROCEDURE AND TESTING

4.1     CASING AND PACKAGING

4.2     ASSEMBLING OF SECTIONS

4.3     TESTING OF SYSTEM OPERATION

4.4     COST ANALYSIS

CHAPTER FIVE    

5.0     SUMMARY, CONCLUSION AND RECOMMENDATION

5.1     SUMMARY

5.2     CONCLUSION

5.3     RECOMMENDATION

5.4     REFERENCES

CHAPTER ONE

1.0                                                       INTRODUCTION

1.1                          BACKGROUND OF THE PROJECT

The history of the doorbell is a long one, starting from the early 19th century and advancing with the times.

These days, doorbells are everywhere! They are used for practical visitor-announcement needs, along with security and safety. They can also set a mood or deliver a carefully planned first impression that the home or business owner might want to express.

The practice of informing the host about a visitor at the door started much before the electrical bell was invented. Door knockers were in vogue. The door knocker which is still found in medieval castles or homes with vintage designs has a part attached to the door and is connected to another part by a hinge. It can be lifted up and used to strike the door making a wooden ‘knock sound’ or a metal clang. Not very ornate or audible. The other common type of doorbell used in those days was a string attached to a large bell (something like a school bell). It took a fair amount of effort to ring those bells continually until the host eventually was informed.

The main objective of this project is to develop and build an integrated smart home automation system using IC, microcontroller technologies that is obtained from the market that provide cheap budget service compared to the budget of the conventional doorbell systems.

1.2                                   PROBLEM STATEMENT

Conventionally, door bell is activated once the visitor approaches the door of the host by making contact / pressing the switch at the door, and this gives the visitor stress when locating the switch most especially at night when everywhere is covered with darkness. However, this device came into existence to overcome the problem of searching for the switch before a door alarm is rung. This device rings an alarm once the visitor approaches the door from a set distance using ultrasonic sensor.

1.2                                             OBJECTIVE OF THE PROJECT

The objective of this work is to design a device will automatically sense the presence of a visitor from a distance and then rings the doorbell without making contact or pressing the door bell switch. This device was built around a arduino microcontroller – which is the heart of the circuit and ultrasonic sensor.

1.3                                         SIGNIFICANCE OF THE PROJECT

This circuit is used to detect the person and then if the person is detected, the door bell is automatically turned ON when the person is in-front of the door. They are used for practical visitor-announcement needs, along with security and safety.

1.4                                              PURPOSE OF THE PROJECT

The purpose of this invention is to save the visitor’s time and labour of searching for the door bell before the occupant of the house is informed of his or her visitor’s presence.

1.5                                               BENEFIT OF THE PROJECT

The benefits of choosing this choosing this topic are:

1. 1. Saves time for searching door bell

1. 1. Save electricity

• • Enhance security

1. 1. Save manpower

1.6                                      APPLICATIONS OF THE PROJECT

They are used for practical visitor-announcement needs, along with security and safety

1.7                                         LIMITATION OF THE PROJECT

The ultrasonic sensor is mounted where it cannot be easily access by the visitor or an intruder.

1.8                          PROJECT WORK ORGANISATION

The various stages involved in the development of this project have been properly put into five chapters to enhance comprehensive and concise reading. In this project thesis, the project is organized sequentially as follows:

Chapter one of this work is on the introduction to the study. In this chapter, the background, significance, objective limitation and problem of the study were discussed.

Chapter two is on literature review the related literature. In this chapter, all the literature pertaining to this work was reviewed.

Chapter three is on design methodology. In this chapter all the method involved during the design and construction were discussed.

Chapter four is on testing analysis. All testing that result accurate functionality was analyzed.

Chapter five is on conclusion, recommendation and references.